Mental health in transgender adults: The role of proximal minority stress, community connectedness, and gender nonconformity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Helsen ◽  
Paul Enzlin ◽  
Luk Gijs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Gender Nonconformity ◽  
Community Connectedness ◽  
And Gender

The Role of Resilience in Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 428-442
Author(s):  
Dawn M. Szymanski ◽  
Kirsten A. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minority Mental Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Structural Levels

Many lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) persons are able to persevere and flourish despite pervasive social stigma and minority stress based on their sexual orientation and gender identity. This chapter reviews the research on LGBTQ resilience that can occur at individual, interpersonal/family, community, and contextual/structural levels. The authors describe qualitative research that has examined pathways to resilience and positive LGBTQ identity. The authors also review quantitative research on LGBTQ resilience via mediator, moderator, and moderated mediation models. Variables are described that have been found to explain or buffer the links between external and internalized minority stressors and mental health outcomes. The authors review the small but growing body of research that has begun to examine the efficacy of therapeutic interventions aimed at promoting LGBTQ resilience. Limitations are discussed and directions for future research are suggested.

Stigma and Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 417-428
Author(s):  
Joanne DiPlacido ◽  
Carolyn R. Fallahi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Minority Mental Health ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Mental Health Effects

Minority stress and stigma among LGBTQ individuals as a result of oppression from discrimination, heterosexism, and homonegativity has consistently led to poorer mental health outcomes. This chapter outlines the research linking minority stress and stigma to mental health. The authors review Hatzenbuehler’s mediational framework to understand the underlying mechanisms to explain why minority stress predicts psychiatric distress. The authors also discuss the role of intersectionality on mental health, recognizing that many LGBTQ individuals deal with multiple oppressions due to not only their sexual orientation or gender identity or expression but also race and ethnicity. This chapter covers minority stress and stigma among more vulnerable populations at higher risk of mental distress, such as transgender, older, and bisexual communities and those living in the Global South. The authors discuss how coping and social support can buffer the negative mental health effects of minority stress and stigma. Methodological issues and future directions are reviewed and suggestions for prevention and treatment interventions are offered.

scholarly journals Does School Racial Composition Explain Why High Income Black Youth Perceive More Discrimination? A Gender Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
African American ◽  
African American Males ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Racial Composition ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

Recent research has documented poor mental health among high socioeconomic status (SES) Blacks, particularly African American males. The literature has also shown a positive link between SES and perceived discrimination, suggesting that perceived discrimination may explain why high SES Black males report poor mental health. To better understand the role of contextual factors in explaining this pattern, we aimed to test whether school racial composition explains why high income Black youth perceive more discrimination. We explored these associations by ethnicity and gender. Using data from the National Survey of American Life-Adolescent supplement (NSAL-A), the current study included 810 African American and 360 Caribbean Black youth, with a mean age of 15. Ethnicity, age, gender, income-to-needs ratio (SES), skin color, school racial composition, and perceived (daily) discrimination were measured. Using Stata 15.0 (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA), we fitted seven structural equation models (SEMs) for data analysis in the pooled sample based on the intersection of ethnicity and gender. Considerable gender by ethnicity variations were found in the associations between SES, school racial composition, and perceived discrimination. For African American males but not African American females or Caribbean Black males or females, school racial composition fully mediated the effect of SES on perceived discrimination. The role of inter-racial contact as a mechanism for high discrimination and poor mental health of Black American adolescents may depend on their intersection of ethnicity and gender. School racial composition may be a mechanism for increased perceived discrimination among high SES African American males.

Discrimination and mental health among Somali refugee adolescents: The role of acculturation and gender.

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Heidi Ellis ◽  
Helen Z. MacDonald ◽  
Julie Klunk‐Gillis ◽  
Alisa Lincoln ◽  
Lee Strunin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Somali Refugee ◽  
And Gender

The Role of Rural and Urban Geography and Gender in Community Stigma Around Mental Illness

2020 ◽  
pp. 109019812097496
Author(s):  
Shawnda Schroeder ◽  
Chih Ming Tan ◽  
Brian Urlacher ◽  
Thomasine Heitkamp
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Stigma Scale ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
And Gender

Empirical evidence describes the negative outcomes people with mental health disorders experience due to societal stigma. The aim of this study was to examine the role of gender and rural-urban living in perceptions about mental illness. Participants completed the Day’s Mental Illness Stigma Scale, a nationally validated instrument for measuring stigma. Directors of Chambers of Commerce in North Dakota distributed the electronic survey to their members. Additionally, distribution occurred through use of social media and other snowball sampling approaches. Analysis of data gathered from 749 participants occurred through examination of the difference in perceptions based on geography and gender. The zip codes of residence were sorted to distinguish between rural and urban participants. Application of weighting measures ensured closer alignment with the general population characteristics. Findings indicate that for the majority of the seven stigma measures the Day’s Mental Illness Stigma Scale examines, the coefficient of rural–gender interactions was positive and highly significant with higher levels of stigma in rural areas. Females exhibited lower stigma perceptions than males. However, women living in rural areas held higher degrees of stigma compared to urban residing females. Implications of the study include the need to advance mental health literacy campaigns for males and people residing in rural communities. Additional empirical studies that examine the role of geography and gender in understanding stigma toward people with mental health disorders will result in improved treatment outcomes due to increased and focused educational efforts.

The Role of Peritraumatic Dissociation and Gender in the Association Between Trauma and Mental Health in a Palestinian Community Sample

2005 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raija-Leena Punamäki ◽  
Ivan H. Komproe ◽  
Samir Qouta ◽  
Mustafa Elmasri ◽  
Joop T.V.M. de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Peritraumatic Dissociation ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Transdiagnostic Approaches to Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Anthony Rodriguez-Seijas ◽  
Nicholas R Eaton ◽  
John E. Pachankis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Minority Mental Health ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Sexual and gender minority individuals experience minority stress, which is hypothesized to underlie the mental health disparities affecting these populations. Drawing on advances in mental disorder classification, we argue that transdiagnostic approaches hold great promise for understanding and reducing these disparities. In contrast to traditional diagnostic approaches, which have limited construct validity and produced a piecemeal literature, transdiagnostic approaches: (1) are evidence based, (2) account for diffuse patterns of disparities and comorbidity, (3) pinpoint psychological mechanisms linking minority stress to poor mental health, (4) reduce scientific stigma, and (5) serve as efficacious and efficient targets for transdiagnostic minority stress interventions.

Interpersonal Victimization, Substance Use, and Mental Health Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth: The Role of Self-concept Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110358
Author(s):  
Jillian R. Scheer ◽  
Katie M. Edwards ◽  
Alan Z. Sheinfil ◽  
Michelle R. Dalton ◽  
Madison K. Firkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Interpersonal Victimization ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Reducing substance use and negative mental health outcomes of interpersonal victimization among sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) represents a critical public health priority. Victimized individuals often develop cognitive schemas, or organized knowledge structures consisting of traits, values, and memories about the self, such as self-concept factors, in response to interpersonal victimization. Prior studies demonstrate the role of self-concept factors (e.g., mastery, control, and self-esteem) in explaining the relationship between victimization and substance use and mental health. However, mastery, control, and self-esteem have not been explored as mediators of interpersonal victimization and health among SGMY. This study is among the first to apply cognitive schema models of trauma-related health symptoms using a large sample of SGMY to examine (a) whether interpersonal victimization is associated with substance use (i.e., alcohol use, cannabis use, and cigarette use) and mental health problems (i.e., depressive symptoms, self-perceived stress, self-rated health issues) and (b) whether diminished sense of mastery and control and lower self-esteem can partially explain elevated rates of substance use and mental health problems in this population. We used the U.S.-based 2017 LGBTQ National Teen Survey ( n = 17,112; Mage = 15.57, SD = 1.27); 6,401 (37.4%) identified as gay or lesbian, 7,396 (43.2%) as cisgender women, and 10,245 (59.9%) as White. Substance use and mental health variables were positively associated with interpersonal victimization variables and negatively associated with self-concept factors. Self-concept factors partially mediated the relationship between interpersonal victimization and mental health. This model explained 74.2% of the variance in mental health and 28.4% of the variance in substance use. Cognitive coping may represent an important modifiable factor that can be targeted by trauma-focused interventions in efforts to improve victimized SGMY’s mental health. Findings call for the development of identity-affirmative, evidence-based, and trauma-focused interventions for SGMY to improve this populations’ overall health.

scholarly journals Same-sex attraction, gender nonconformity, and mental health: The protective role of parental acceptance.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriël van Beusekom ◽  
Henny M. W. Bos ◽  
Geertjan Overbeek ◽  
Theo G. M. Sandfort
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Gender Nonconformity ◽  
Parental Acceptance ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Sex Attraction
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