Supplemental Material for A Look Into the Future: Spontaneous Anticipatory Saccades Reflect Processes of Anticipatory Action Control

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (11) ◽  
pp. 1530-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina U. Pfeuffer ◽  
Andrea Kiesel ◽  
Lynn Huestegge

Author(s):  
Anna Foerster ◽  
Klaus Rothermund ◽  
Juhi Jayesh Parmar ◽  
Birte Moeller ◽  
Christian Frings ◽  
...  

Abstract. Binding between representations of stimuli and actions and later retrieval of these compounds provide efficient shortcuts in action control. Recent observations indicate that these mechanisms are not only effective when action episodes go as planned, but they also seem to be at play when actions go awry. Moreover, the human cognitive system even corrects traces of error commission on the fly because it binds the intended but not actually executed response to concurrent task-relevant stimuli, thus enabling retrieval of a correct, but not actually executed response when encountering the stimulus again. However, a plausible alternative interpretation of this finding is that error commission triggers selective strengthening of the instructed stimulus–response mapping instead, thus promoting its efficient application in the future. The experiment presented here makes an unequivocal case for episodic binding and retrieval in erroneous action episodes by showing binding between task-irrelevant stimuli and correct responses.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Dedy Afrizal ◽  
Emad Mohammed Al-Amaren ◽  
Irfan Murtadho Yusuf

<em>This article aims to look at community participation in implementing Dumai City Act Number 10 of 2008 concerning livestock and pets, namely  what impacts arise and what sanctions will be received if they do not comply and what are the anticipatory actions of the breeders so that they will not suffer losses in the future. This study is a qualitative research categorized as sociological juridical research. The data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the breeders (livestock farmers)’ lack of understanding on the regulations that had been set was one of the obstacles arising in the implementation of the law. It is hoped that the related parties involved in this Regional Regulation understand the legal sanctions and the impacts that arise from any disobedience acts. From various community backgrounds and in terms of educational factors, cultural factors, geographical aspects, and facility factors, it appears that the government's role in creating all aspects involved in jointly implementing this regional regulation is requiredBesides, breeders must implement these regional regulations as a form of anticipatory action; thus, such livestock and pet activities will not harm themselves and their environment.</em>


1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).


1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
A. R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  

Second-epoch photographs have now been obtained for nearly 850 of the 1246 fields of the proper motion program with centers at declination -20° and northwards. For the sky at 0° and northward only 130 fields remain to be taken in the next year or two. The 270 southern fields with centers at -5° to -20° remain for the future.


Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.


Author(s):  
Nicholas J Severs

In his pioneering demonstration of the potential of freeze-etching in biological systems, Russell Steere assessed the future promise and limitations of the technique with remarkable foresight. Item 2 in his list of inherent difficulties as they then stood stated “The chemical nature of the objects seen in the replica cannot be determined”. This defined a major goal for practitioners of freeze-fracture which, for more than a decade, seemed unattainable. It was not until the introduction of the label-fracture-etch technique in the early 1970s that the mould was broken, and not until the following decade that the full scope of modern freeze-fracture cytochemistry took shape. The culmination of these developments in the 1990s now equips the researcher with a set of effective techniques for routine application in cell and membrane biology.Freeze-fracture cytochemical techniques are all designed to provide information on the chemical nature of structural components revealed by freeze-fracture, but differ in how this is achieved, in precisely what type of information is obtained, and in which types of specimen can be studied.


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