Coincidence of Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances with the Explosive Phase of Solar Flares

Nature ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 195 (4848) ◽  
pp. 1280-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD HANSEN ◽  
JOSIP KLECZEK
Solar Physics ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Harvey
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (7) ◽  
pp. 5894-5917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun‐Rong Zhang ◽  
Anthea J. Coster ◽  
Philip J. Erickson ◽  
Larisa P. Goncharenko ◽  
William Rideout ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilmadhab Nandy ◽  
Achintya K. Chatterjee ◽  
Md. Washimul Bari ◽  
Asit K. Choudhury ◽  
Sandip K. Chakrabarti

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7194
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Srećković ◽  
Desanka M. Šulić ◽  
Ljubinko Ignjatović ◽  
Veljko Vujčić

Solar flares (SFs) and intense radiation can generate additional ionization in the Earth’s atmosphere and affect its structure. These types of solar radiation and activity create sudden ionospheric disturbances (SIDs), affect electronic equipment on the ground along with signals from space, and potentially induce various natural disasters. Focus of this work is on the study of SIDs induced by X-ray SFs using very low frequency (VLF) radio signals in order to predict the impact of SFs on Earth and analyze ionosphere plasmas and its parameters. All data are recorded by VLF BEL stations and the model computation is used to obtain the daytime atmosphere parameters induced by this extreme radiation. The obtained ionospheric parameters are compared with results of other authors. For the first time we analyzed physics of the D-region—during consecutive huge SFs which continuously perturbed this layer for a few hours—in detail. We have developed an empirical model of the D-region plasma density and gave a simple approximative formula for electron density.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Олег Бернгардт ◽  
Oleg Berngardt

This paper reviews the space weather impact on operation of radio devices. The review is based on recently published papers, books, and strategic scientific plans of space weather investigations. The main attention is paid to ionospheric effects on propagation of radiowaves, basically short ones. Some examples of such effects are based on 2012–2016 ISTP SB RAS EKB radar data: attenuation of ground backscatter signals during solar flares, effects of traveling ionospheric disturbances of different scales in ground backscatter signals, effects of magnetospheric waves in ionospheric scatter signals.


2014 ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Sulic ◽  
V.A. Sreckovic

Very Low Frequency (VLF) and Low Frequency (LF) signal perturbations were examined to study ionospheric disturbances induced by solar X-ray flares in order to understand processes involved in propagation of VLF/LF radio signals over short paths and to estimate specific characteristics of each short path. The receiver at the Belgrade station is constantly monitoring the amplitude and phase of a coherent and subionospherically propagating LF signal operated in Sicily NSC at 45.90 kHz, and a VLF signal operated in Isola di Tavolara ICV at 20.27 kHz, with the great circle distances of 953 km and 976 km, respectively. A significant number of similarities between these short paths is a direct result of both transmitters and the receiver?s geographic location. The main difference is in transmitter frequencies. From July 2008 to February 2014 there were about 200 events that were chosen for further examination. All selected examples showed that the amplitude and phase of VLF and LF signals were perturbed by solar X-ray flares occurrence. This six-year period covers both minimum and maximum of solar activity. Simultaneous measurement of amplitude and phase of the VLF/LF signals during a solar flare occurrence was applied to evaluate the electron density profile versus altitude, to carry out the function of time over the middle Europe.


Nature ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 192 (4798) ◽  
pp. 152-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR E. COVINGTON ◽  
GLADYS A. HARVEY
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Александр Боровик ◽  
Aleksandr Borovik ◽  
Антон Жданов ◽  
Anton Zhdanov

Using data from the international flare patrol for 1972–2010, we have formed an electronic database for more than 123 thousand solar flares. We determined the mean brightness rise time (flash-phase) for flare area classes and importance. We show that the mean flash phase increased with increasing area class. For brightness classes this trend is less pronounced. We have found that flares with explosive phase and flares with one brilliant point have the shortest flash phases; two-ribbon flares and flares with several intensity maxima, the longest ones. We have separated 572 cases when the brightness rise time was more than 60 min; 80 % of such ultra-long flares have a shorter brightness decay time (main phase). We have established that low-power flares in terms of developmental features do not differ from large flares. Low-power solar flares, as well as large flares, can be followed by filament activation or disappearance, and can have an explosive phase and several intensity maxima. Two-ribbon flares, white-light flares, and flares covering sunspot umbra can also have low power.


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