scholarly journals Monocytes and macrophages in malignant melanoma. III. Reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by peripheral blood monocytes

1978 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
D W Hedley ◽  
G A Currie
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Nitroblue Tetrazolium ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Monocytes And Macrophages

scholarly journals The effect of azathioprine (Imuran) on the kinetics of monocytes and macrophages during the normal steady state and an acute inflammatory reaction

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Gassmann ◽  
R van Furth
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Azathioprine Treatment ◽  
Monocytes And Macrophages ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract The effect of azathioprine on the kinetics of peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages was studied in normal mice and in mice in which an inflammatory reaction was provoked. Two dosage levels were used: a high dose of 200mg/kg which is the maximum tolerated daily dose in mice, and low dose of 3 mg/kg which is about equivalent to a nontoxic, immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory dose in man. The number of peripheral blood monocytes decreases gradually during azathioprine treatment of normal mice, the extent and duration being dependent on the dose and duration of administered over a period of 9 days gives an almost complete reduction, and a low dose (3 mg/kg) given for the same period results in a reduction of about 50%. This effect seems to be reversible, because when treatment is stopped the number of monocytes starts to increase 24–48 hr later. The number of peritoneal macrophages is only affected when a high dose (200 mg/kg) is given over a long period; a low dose has virtually no effect. In mice in which an inflammatory reaction was prevoked in the peritoneal cavity, the normally occurring increase in the numbers of both peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages was suppressed, the extent being dependent on the dose of azathioprine administered. Labeling studies with 3H-thymidine indicated that the reduction of peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages in the inflammatory exudate is due to a diminished monocyte production.

scholarly journals The effect of azathioprine (Imuran) on the kinetics of monocytes and macrophages during the normal steady state and an acute inflammatory reaction

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Gassmann ◽  
R van Furth
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Azathioprine Treatment ◽  
Monocytes And Macrophages ◽  
Kinetics Of

The effect of azathioprine on the kinetics of peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages was studied in normal mice and in mice in which an inflammatory reaction was provoked. Two dosage levels were used: a high dose of 200mg/kg which is the maximum tolerated daily dose in mice, and low dose of 3 mg/kg which is about equivalent to a nontoxic, immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory dose in man. The number of peripheral blood monocytes decreases gradually during azathioprine treatment of normal mice, the extent and duration being dependent on the dose and duration of administered over a period of 9 days gives an almost complete reduction, and a low dose (3 mg/kg) given for the same period results in a reduction of about 50%. This effect seems to be reversible, because when treatment is stopped the number of monocytes starts to increase 24–48 hr later. The number of peritoneal macrophages is only affected when a high dose (200 mg/kg) is given over a long period; a low dose has virtually no effect. In mice in which an inflammatory reaction was prevoked in the peritoneal cavity, the normally occurring increase in the numbers of both peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages was suppressed, the extent being dependent on the dose of azathioprine administered. Labeling studies with 3H-thymidine indicated that the reduction of peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages in the inflammatory exudate is due to a diminished monocyte production.

scholarly journals Cellular microRNA expression correlates with susceptibility of monocytes/macrophages to HIV-1 infection

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Li Ye ◽  
Wei Hou ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Yan-Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Monocytes And Macrophages ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

AbstractAlthough both monocytes and macrophages possess essential requirements for HIV-1 entry, peripheral blood monocytes are infrequently infected with HIV-1 in vivo and in vitro. In contrast, tissue macrophages and monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro are highly susceptible to infection with HIV-1 R5 tropic strains. We investigated intracellular anti–HIV-1 factors that contribute to differential susceptibility of monocytes/macrophages to HIV-1 infection. Freshly isolated monocytes from peripheral blood had significantly higher levels of the anti–HIV-1 microRNAs (miRNA, miRNA-28, miRNA-150, miRNA-223, and miRNA-382) than monocyte-derived macrophages. The suppression of these anti–HIV-1 miRNAs in monocytes facilitates HIV-1 infectivity, whereas increase of the anti–HIV-1 miRNA expression in macrophages inhibited HIV-1 replication. These findings provide compelling and direct evidence at the molecular level to support the notion that intracellular anti–HIV-1 miRNA-mediated innate immunity may have a key role in protecting monocytes/macrophages from HIV-1 infection.

Characterization of Monocyte-Associated Factor V

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (02) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janos Kappelmayer ◽  
Satya P Kunapuli ◽  
Edward G Wyshock ◽  
Robert W Colman
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Hep G2 ◽  
Hep G2 Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes

SummaryWe demonstrate that in addition to possessing binding sites for intact factor V (FV), unstimulated peripheral blood monocytes also express activated factor V (FVa) on their surfaces. FVa was identified on the monocyte surface by monoclonal antibody B38 recognizing FVa light chain and by human oligoclonal antibodies H1 (to FVa light chain) and H2 (to FVa heavy chain) using immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. On Western blots, partially cleaved FV could be identified as a 220 kDa band in lysates of monocytes. In addition to surface expression of FVa, monocytes also contain intracellular FV as detected only after permeabilization by Triton X-100 by monoclonal antibody B10 directed specifically to the Cl domain not present in FVa. We sought to determine whether the presence of FV in peripheral blood monocytes is a result of de novo synthesis.Using in situ hybridization, no FV mRNA could be detected in monocytes, while in parallel control studies, factor V mRNA was detectable in Hep G2 cells and CD18 mRNA in monocytes. In addition, using reverse transcriptase and the polymerase chain reaction, no FV mRNA was detected in mononuclear cells or in U937 cells, but mRNA for factor V was present in Hep G2 cells using the same techniques. These data suggest that FV is present in human monocytes, presumably acquired by binding of plasma FV, and that the presence of this critical coagulation factor is not due to de novo synthesis.

scholarly journals Glucocerebrosidase Activity is Reduced in Cryopreserved Parkinson’s Disease Patient Monocytes and Inversely Correlates with Motor Severity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Laura P. Hughes ◽  
Marilia M.M. Pereira ◽  
Deborah A. Hammond ◽  
John B. Kwok ◽  
Glenda M. Halliday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Classical Monocytes

Background: Reduced activity of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase is found in brain tissue from Parkinson’s disease patients. Glucocerebrosidase is also highly expressed in peripheral blood monocytes where its activity is decreased in Parkinson’s disease patients, even in the absence of GBA mutation. Objective: To measure glucocerebrosidase activity in cryopreserved peripheral blood monocytes from 30 Parkinson’s disease patients and 30 matched controls and identify any clinical correlation with disease severity. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to measure lysosomal glucocerebrosidase activity in total, classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes. All participants underwent neurological examination and motor severity was assessed by the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. Results: Glucocerebrosidase activity was significantly reduced in the total and classical monocyte populations from the Parkinson’s disease patients compared to controls. GCase activity in classical monocytes was inversely correlated to motor symptom severity. Conclusion: Significant differences in monocyte glucocerebrosidase activity can be detected in Parkinson’s disease patients using cryopreserved mononuclear cells and monocyte GCase activity correlated with motor features of disease. Being able to use cryopreserved cells will facilitate the larger multi-site trials needed to validate monocyte GCase activity as a Parkinson’s disease biomarker.

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