scholarly journals Erratum: The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

Cell Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel Kirilly ◽  
Ting Xie
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Drosophila Ovary ◽  
Cell Community

scholarly journals The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

Cell Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel Kirilly ◽  
Ting Xie
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Drosophila Ovary ◽  
Cell Community

scholarly journals What Is Cell Stem Cell Doing to Support the Global Stem Cell Community during the COVID-19 Pandemic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-796
Author(s):  
Sheila Chari ◽  
Prithi Rajan ◽  
Jon Saxe ◽  
Quan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Community ◽  
Cell Stem Cell

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Dynamics in the Drosophila Ovary Regulates Germ Stem Cell Number, Cell Fate, and Female Fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Garcez ◽  
Joana Branco-Santos ◽  
Patricia C. Gracio ◽  
Catarina C. F. Homem
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

The fate and proliferative capacity of stem cells have been shown to strongly depend on their metabolic state. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell being responsible for energy production via oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) as well as for several other metabolic pathways. Mitochondrial activity strongly depends on their structural organization, with their size and shape being regulated by mitochondrial fusion and fission, a process known as mitochondrial dynamics. However, the significance of mitochondrial dynamics in the regulation of stem cell metabolism and fate remains elusive. Here, we characterize the role of mitochondria morphology in female germ stem cells (GSCs) and in their more differentiated lineage. Mitochondria are particularly important in the female GSC lineage. Not only do they provide these cells with their energy requirements to generate the oocyte but they are also the only mitochondria pool to be inherited by the offspring. We show that the undifferentiated GSCs predominantly have fissed mitochondria, whereas more differentiated germ cells have more fused mitochondria. By reducing the levels of mitochondrial dynamics regulators, we show that both fused and fissed mitochondria are required for the maintenance of a stable GSC pool. Surprisingly, we found that disrupting mitochondrial dynamics in the germline also strongly affects nurse cells morphology, impairing egg chamber development and female fertility. Interestingly, reducing the levels of key enzymes in the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA), known to cause OxPhos reduction, also affects GSC number. This defect in GSC self-renewal capacity indicates that at least basal levels of TCA/OxPhos are required in GSCs. Our findings show that mitochondrial dynamics is essential for female GSC maintenance and female fertility, and that mitochondria fusion and fission events are dynamically regulated during GSC differentiation, possibly to modulate their metabolic profile.

scholarly journals mastermind regulates niche ageing independently of the Notch pathway in the Drosophila ovary

Open Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 190127
Author(s):  
María Lobo-Pecellín ◽  
Miriam Marín-Menguiano ◽  
Acaimo González-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Notch Pathway ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Germline Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Stem Cell Activity ◽  
Stem Cell Populations ◽  
Drosophila Ovary ◽  
Systemic Signals

Proper stem cell activity in tissues ensures the correct balance between proliferation and differentiation, thus allowing tissue homeostasis and repair. The Drosophila ovary develops well-defined niches that contain on average 2–4 germline stem cells (GSCs), whose maintenance depends on systemic signals and local factors. A known player in the decline of tissue homeostasis is ageing, which correlates with the waning of resident stem cell populations. In Drosophila , ovaries from old females contain fewer GSCs than those from young flies. We isolated niche cells of aged ovaries, performed a transcriptomic analysis and identified mastermind (mam) as a factor for Drosophila ovarian niche functionality during ageing. We show that mam is upregulated in aged niche cells and that we can induce premature GSC loss by overexpressing mam in otherwise young niche cells. High mam levels in niche cells induce reduced Hedgehog amounts, a decrease in cadherin levels and a likely increase in reactive oxygen species, three scenarios known to provoke GSC loss. Mam is a canonical co-activator of the Notch pathway in many Drosophila tissues. However, we present evidence to support a Notch-independent role for mam in the ovarian germline niche.

scholarly journals The Hippo Pathway Regulates Homeostatic Growth of Stem Cell Niche Precursors in the Drosophila Ovary

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e1004962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem P. Sarikaya ◽  
Cassandra G. Extavour
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Niche ◽  
Hippo Pathway ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
The Hippo Pathway ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

scholarly journals Integrins control the positioning and proliferation of follicle stem cells in the Drosophila ovary

2008 ◽  
Vol 182 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alana M. O'Reilly ◽  
Hsiu-Hsiang Lee ◽  
Michael A. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Ovarian Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Populations ◽  
Integrin Ligand ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

Adult stem cells are maintained in specialized microenvironments called niches, which promote self-renewal and prevent differentiation. In this study, we show that follicle stem cells (FSCs) in the Drosophila melanogaster ovary rely on cues that are distinct from those of other ovarian stem cells to establish and maintain their unique niche. We demonstrate that integrins anchor FSCs to the basal lamina, enabling FSCs to maintain their characteristic morphology and position. Integrin-mediated FSC anchoring is also essential for proper development of differentiating prefollicle cells that arise from asymmetrical FSC divisions. Our results support a model in which FSCs contribute to the formation and maintenance of their own niche by producing the integrin ligand, laminin A (LanA). Together, LanA and integrins control FSC proliferation rates, a role that is separable from their function in FSC anchoring. Importantly, LanA-integrin function is not required to maintain other ovarian stem cell populations, demonstrating that distinct pathways regulate niche–stem cell communication within the same organ.

scholarly journals gone early, a Novel Germline Factor, Ensures the Proper Size of the Stem Cell Precursor Pool in the Drosophila Ovary

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e113423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Matsuoka ◽  
Swati Gupta ◽  
Emiko Suzuki ◽  
Yasushi Hiromi ◽  
Miho Asaoka
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Precursor ◽  
Precursor Pool ◽  
Proper Size ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

scholarly journals Stem Cell Neurodevelopmental Solutions for Restorative Treatments of the Human Trunk and Spine

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary T. Olmsted ◽  
Janet L. Paluh
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Developmental Principles ◽  
Spine Disorders ◽  
Cell Community

The ability to reliably repair spinal cord injuries (SCI) will be one of the greatest human achievements realized in regenerative medicine. Until recently, the cellular path to this goal has been challenging. However, as detailed developmental principles are revealed in mouse and human models, their application in the stem cell community brings trunk and spine embryology into efforts to advance human regenerative medicine. New models of posterior embryo development identify neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs) as a major bifurcation point in generating the spinal cord and somites and is leading to production of cell types with the full range of axial identities critical for repair of trunk and spine disorders. This is coupled with organoid technologies including assembloids, circuitoids, and gastruloids. We describe a paradigm for applying developmental principles towards the goal of cell-based restorative therapies to enable reproducible and effective near-term clinical interventions.

scholarly journals EGFR signaling promotes self-renewal through the establishment of cell polarity in Drosophila follicle stem cells

eLife ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Castanieto ◽  
Michael J Johnston ◽  
Todd G Nystul
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Egfr Signaling ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Fates ◽  
Liver Kinase B1 ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

Epithelial stem cells divide asymmetrically, such that one daughter replenishes the stem cell pool and the other differentiates. We found that, in the epithelial follicle stem cell (FSC) lineage of the Drosophila ovary, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling functions specifically in the FSCs to promote the unique partially polarized state of the FSC, establish apical–basal polarity throughout the lineage, and promote FSC maintenance in the niche. In addition, we identified a novel connection between EGFR signaling and the cell-polarity regulator liver kinase B1 (LKB1), which indicates that EGFR signals through both the Ras–Raf–MEK–Erk pathway and through the LKB1–AMPK pathway to suppress apical identity. The development of apical–basal polarity is the earliest visible difference between FSCs and their daughters, and our findings demonstrate that the EGFR-mediated regulation of apical–basal polarity is essential for the segregation of stem cell and daughter cell fates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document