Telomere length of subcutaneous adipose tissue cells is shorter in obese and formerly obese subjects

Obesity is associated with elevated inflammatory signals from various adipose tissue depots. This study aimed to evaluate release of regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) by human adipose tissue in vivo and ex vivo, in reference to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. Arteriovenous differences of RANTES, MCP-1, and IL-6 were studied in vivo across the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in healthy Caucasian subjects with a wide range of adiposity. Systemic levels and ex vivo RANTES release were studied in abdominal subcutaneous, gastric fat pad, and omental adipose tissue from morbidly obese bariatric surgery patients and in thoracic subcutaneous and epicardial adipose tissue from cardiac surgery patients without coronary artery disease. Arteriovenous studies confirmed in vivo RANTES and IL-6 release in adipose tissue of lean and obese subjects and release of MCP-1 in obesity. However, in vivo release of MCP-1 and RANTES, but not IL-6, was lower than circulating levels. Ex vivo release of RANTES was greater from the gastric fat pad compared with omental ( P = 0.01) and subcutaneous ( P = 0.001) tissue. Epicardial adipose tissue released less RANTES than thoracic subcutaneous adipose tissue in lean ( P = 0.04) but not obese subjects. Indexes of obesity correlated with epicardial RANTES but not with systemic RANTES or its release from other depots. In conclusion, RANTES is released by human subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo and in varying amounts by other depots ex vivo. While it appears unlikely that the adipose organ contributes significantly to circulating levels, local implications of this chemokine deserve further investigation.

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The Presence of a Catalytically Inactive Form of Hormone-Sensitive Lipase Is Associated With Decreased Lipolysis in Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Obese Subjects

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1417 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 52 (6) ◽

pp. 1417-1422 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

H. Ray ◽

M. Beylot ◽

P. Arner ◽

D. Larrouy ◽

D. Langin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽

Inactive Form ◽

Hormone Sensitive ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Erratum: Permanence of molecular features of obesity in subcutaneous adipose tissue of ex-obese subjects

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/ijo.2013.44 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 892-892 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R Cancello ◽

A Zulian ◽

D Gentilini ◽

M Mencarelli ◽

A Della Barba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Molecular Features ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Subcutaneous adipose tissue measurements and better metabolic prediction

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-012-0119-4 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 237-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Petar Ristic ◽

Dubravko Bokonjic ◽

Vladimir Zivkovic ◽

Vladimir Jakovljevic ◽

Marija Zdravkovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Normal Body Mass Index ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Homeostatic Model ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose ◽

Anthropometric Markers ◽

Insight Into

AbstractThe aim of the study was to establish the importance of an additional measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SAT) on a predetermined position on the waistline, and its relation to waist measurements as an improvement of metabolic prediction in equally obese subjects. One hundred and forty two consecutive patients were enrolled in the study: stratified by weight as normal (body mass index — BMI 20–25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25–30 kg/m2) and obese (BMI >30 kg/m2); and by fasting glucose level as normoglycemic, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), or with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SAT was measured in relaxed expiration, 3 cm left of the umbilicus, with ultrasound. Fasting blood samples for glucose, insulin and HbAlc were taken. Waist circumference was slightly higher in the IFG (112.8 cm) and normoglycemic groups (115.62 cm), compared to T2DM (108.15 cm). The T2DM group had a lower average SAT (2.7 cm) than both the IFG group (3.4 cm, p<0.01) and the normoglycemic group (4.2cm, p=0.001). The homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA IR) was the lowest in normoglycemic and the highest in IFG group. Waistline radius to SAT ratio provides better insight into the deterioration of glucose metabolism than standard anthropometric markers of abdominal obesity in equally obese patients.

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Physical Exercise Reduces the Expression of RANTES and Its CCR5 Receptor in the Adipose Tissue of Obese Humans

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2014/627150 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Engin Baturcam ◽

Jehad Abubaker ◽

Ali Tiss ◽

Mohamed Abu-Farha ◽

Abdelkrim Khadir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Ccr5 Expression ◽

Ccr5 Receptor ◽

Before And After ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose ◽

First Time

RANTES and its CCR5 receptor trigger inflammation and its progression to insulin resistance in obese. In the present study, we investigated for the first time the effect of physical exercise on the expression of RANTES and CCR5 in obese humans. Fifty-seven adult nondiabetic subjects (17 lean and 40 obese) were enrolled in a 3-month supervised physical exercise. RANTES and CCR5 expressions were measured in PBMCs and subcutaneous adipose tissue before and after exercise. Circulating plasma levels of RANTES were also investigated. There was a significant increase in RANTES and CCR5 expression in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese compared to lean. In PBMCs, however, while the levels of RANTES mRNA and protein were comparable between both groups, CCR5 mRNA was downregulated in obese subjects (P<0.05). Physical exercise significantly reduced the expression of both RANTES and CCR5 (P<0.05) in the adipose tissue of obese individuals with a concomitant decrease in the levels of the inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, and P-JNK. Circulating RANTES correlated negatively with anti-inflammatory IL-1ra (P=0.001) and positively with proinflammatory IP-10 and TBARS levels (P<0.05). Therefore, physical exercise may provide an effective approach for combating the deleterious effects associated with obesity through RANTES signaling in the adipose tissue.

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