scholarly journals Effect of Endothelin Receptor Antagonists on Clinically Relevant Outcomes after Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil G Laban ◽  
Mervyn DI Vergouwen ◽  
Rick M Dijkhuizen ◽  
Emily S Sena ◽  
Malcolm R Macleod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Endothelin Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Endothelin Receptor

In clinical trials, endothelin receptor antagonists (ETRAs) reduced vasospasm but did not improve functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We assessed the effects of treatment with ETRAs on clinically relevant outcomes in animal studies modelling SAH by performing a systematic review of the literature for controlled animal studies of ETRAs for the treatment of SAH. Primary outcomes were neurobehavioral outcomes and case fatality. Secondary outcomes were cerebral vasospasm and cerebral blood flow. Summary estimates were calculated using normalized mean difference random effects meta-analysis. We included 27 studies (55 experiments, 639 animals). Neurobehavioral scores were reported in none of the experiments, and case fatality in 8 (15%). Treatment with ETRAs was associated with a pooled odds ratio for case fatality of 0.61 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27 to 1.39); a 54% increase (95% CI, 39 to 69) in cerebral arterial diameter; and a 93% increase (95% CI, 58 to 129) in cerebral blood flow. We conclude that there is no evidence from animal studies that treatment with an ETRA improves clinically relevant outcomes after SAH. The reduction in cerebral vasospasm observed in animal studies is consistent with that observed in clinical trials, an effect that is not associated with better functional outcome in patients.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Salvia Officinalis on Mediation of Serum Lipid in Clinical Trials: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (P12-004-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Alasvand ◽  
WIlliam Bridges ◽  
Vivian Haley-Zitlin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Abstract Objectives The present systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the effectiveness of S. officinalis leaves in management of dyslipidemia of chronic disease. Dyslipidemia is one of the main indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is typically characterized by elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) along with reduction of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) in blood. The handling of dyslipidemia is a crucial factor in the general control of the cardiovascular risk in individuals suffering from diseases such as diabetes, CVD or hypertension. Plant foods have played an important role in chronic disease management. S. officinalis leaves (sage) have been identified as improving glucose homeostasis and serum lipids in animal and human models. Methods PubMed, FSTA, Web of Science, CINAHEL and MEDLINE databases were searched using keywords (“Serum lipids” OR triglyceride* OR cholesterol* OR “LDL” OR “HDL” OR dyslipidemia) AND (sage or "Salvia officinalis") up to January 2019. Review articles, animal studies, non-trial, non-specific related plants, and articles which did not examine lipid profiles were included in the exclusion criteria. Articles that met the inclusion criteria included effects of administration of Salvia officinalis on serum lipid in clinical trials. All statistical calculations were performed using SAS software version 9.2 (SAS, Cary NC, USA). Results From 243 studies, four of the trials met the selection criteria of the meta-analysis. Salvia officinalis significantly improved serum lipids. The estimated value for TC was −52.64 mg/dl, 95% CI: −71.0505 to −34.23, P = 0.0001 and LDL −23.28 mg/dl, 95% CI: −40.07 to −6.48, P = 0.006. Moreover, TG was −74.98 mg/dl, 95% CI: −129.16 to −20.8190, P = 0.006 and HDL-C at 6.3424 mg/dl, 95% CI: 1.58 to 11.1033, P = 0.009) was significantly improved after Salvia officinalis administration Conclusions Although the systematic review and meta-analysis investigation involved few studies it revealed promising efficiency of Salvia officinalis on improving the serum lipids in clinical trials and suggested that Salvia officinalis can be an appropriate plant food to manage dyslipidemia of chronic diseases. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Probiotics treatment improves cognitive impairment in patients and animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Lv ◽  
Mengfei Ye ◽  
Fangyi Luo ◽  
Baiqi Hu ◽  
Anzhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe gut–brain axis has received considerable attention in recent years, and the “psychobiotics” concept indicates that probiotics have a potential positive effect on cognitive function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the influence of probiotics on cognitive function. We conducted a random-e?ects meta-analysis of 7 controlled clinical trials and 11 animals studies to evaluate the e?ects of probiotics on cognitive function. Probiotics supplementation enhanced cognitive function in both human (0.24 [0.05–0.42]; I2 = 0%) and animal studies (0.90 [0.47–1.34]; I2 = 74%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the effects of probiotics on cognitively impaired individuals (0.25 [0.05–0.45]; I2 = 0%) were greater than those on healthy ones (0.15 [−0.30 to 0.60]; I2 = 0%). Furthermore, compared with a multiple-probiotic supplement, one strain of probiotic was more effective in humans. The meta-analysis provided some suggestions for probiotics intervention and tended to support a customized approach for different individuals to ameliorate cognitive disorders. Future additional clinical trials are necessary to evaluate therapeutic effect and influencing factors.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Melatonin in Animal Models of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Stratified Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Hu ◽  
Yuwei Zhu ◽  
Fangfang Zhou ◽  
Cuiying Peng ◽  
Zhiping Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure

Background and Purpose: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe disease characterized by sudden headache, loss of consciousness, or focal neurological deficits. Melatonin has been reported as a potential neuroprotective agent of SAH. It provides protective effects through the anti-inflammatory effects or the autophagy pathway. Our systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin administration on experimental SAH animals and offer support for the future clinical trial design of the melatonin treatment following SAH.Methods: The following online databases were searched for experimentally controlled studies of the effect of melatonin on SAH models: PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (all until March 2021). The melatonin effect on the brain water content (BWC) and neurological score (NS) were compared between the treatment and control groups using the standardized mean difference (SMD).Results: Our literature identified 160 possible articles, and most of them were excluded due to duplication (n = 69) and failure to meet the inclusion criteria (n = 56). After screening the remaining 35 articles in detail, we excluded half of them because of no relevant outcome measures (n = 16), no relevant interventions (n = 3), review articles (n = 1), duplicated publications (n = 1), and studies on humans or cells (n = 2). Finally, this systematic review contained 12 studies between 2008 and 2018. All studies were written in English except for one study in Chinese, and all of them showed the effect of melatonin on BWC and NS in SAH models.Conclusion: Our research shows that melatonin can significantly improve the behavior and pathological results of SAH animal models. However, due to the small number of studies included in this meta-analysis, the experimental design and experimental method limitations should be considered when interpreting the results. Significant clinical and animal studies are still required to evaluate whether melatonin can be used in the adjuvant treatment of clinical SAH patients.

Head Position and Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica V. Olavarría ◽  
Hisatomi Arima ◽  
Craig S. Anderson ◽  
Alejandro M. Brunser ◽  
Paula Muñoz-Venturelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Head Position

scholarly journals Pharmacologic Reduction of Angiographic Vasospasm in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1645-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Zoerle ◽  
Don C Ilodigwe ◽  
Hoyee Wan ◽  
Katarina Lakovic ◽  
Mohammed Sabri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Angiographic Vasospasm ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Methodologic Quality ◽  
Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatments

Animal models have been developed to simulate angiographic vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to test pharmacologic treatments. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of pharmacologic treatments that have been tested in humans and in preclinical studies to determine if animal models inform results reported in humans. A systematic review and meta-analysis of SAH studies was performed. We investigated predictors of translation from animals to humans with multivariate logistic regression. Pharmacologic reduction of vasospasm was effective in mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, nonhuman primates (standard mean difference of −1.74; 95% confidence interval −2.04 to −1.44) and humans. Animal studies were generally of poor methodologic quality and there was evidence of publication bias. Subgroup analysis by drug and species showed that statins, tissue plasminogen activator, erythropoietin, endothelin receptor antagonists, calcium channel antagonists, fasudil, and tirilazad were effective whereas magnesium was not. Only evaluation of vasospasm >3 days after SAH was independently associated with successful translation. We conclude that reduction of vasospasm is effective in animals and humans and that evaluation of vasospasm >3 days after SAH may be preferable for preclinical models.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document