scholarly journals Effect of essential amino acid supplementation on muscle and plasma free amino acids in chronic uremia

1978 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Alvestrand ◽  
Jonas Bergström ◽  
Peter Fürst ◽  
Guna Germanis ◽  
Ulla Widstam
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Chronic Uremia ◽  
Plasma Free Amino Acids

scholarly journals Use of plasma-free amino acids as biomarkers for detecting and predicting disease risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Kenji Nagao ◽  
Takeshi Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Diabetes Prediction ◽  
Plasma Free Amino Acids

Abstract This paper reviews developments regarding the use of plasma-free amino acid (PFAA) profiles as biomarkers for detecting and predicting disease risk. This work was initiated and first published in 2006 and was subsequently developed by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. After commercialization in 2011, PFAA-based tests were adopted in over 1500 clinics and hospitals in Japan, and numerous clinician-led studies have been performed to validate these tests. Evidence is accumulating that PFAA profiles can be used for diabetes prediction and evaluation of frailty; in particular, decreased plasma essential amino acids could contribute to the pathophysiology of severe frailty. Integration of PFAA evaluation as a biomarker and effective essential amino acid supplementation, which improves physical and mental functions in the elderly, could facilitate the development of precision nutrition, including personalized solutions. This present review provides the background for the technology as well as more recent clinical findings, and offers future possibilities regarding the implementation of precision nutrition.

Loss of Amino Acids during Hemodialysis: Effect of Oral Essential Amino Acid Supplementation

Nephron ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tepper ◽  
G.K. van der Hem ◽  
H.G. Klip ◽  
A.J.M. Donker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Acid Supplementation

A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF DIETARY FAT AND CARBOHYDRATE ON FREE AMINO ACIDS IN THEBLOOD PLASMA OF CHICKS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsang-Cheng Shao ◽  
D. C. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Amino Acid ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Amino Acid Levels ◽  
Plasma Free Amino Acids

As previously reported, an increased concentration of plasma free amino acids, particularly lysine and threonine, was found when chicks were fasted for 24 hours. This increase was suppressed where a nonprotein diet was fed. Dextrose as the chief energy source in the nonprotein diet was more effective than shortening or lard in this respect. However, the degree to which the two energy sources differed was less where birds were adapted to the utilization of fat by feeding a diet rich in fat for a considerable time before making the comparison. Insulin administration to fasted chicks was found to lower plasma amino acid levels. The possible influence of interrelationships among dextrose, fat, and insulin on plasma amino acid levels is discussed.

The use of plasma free amino acids for predicting the limiting amino acid (s) in diets for chickens

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Prieto ◽  
J.F. Aguilera ◽  
M. Lachica ◽  
I. Fernandez-Figares ◽  
L. Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Free Amino Acids

scholarly journals Determination of amino acid requirements of young pigs using an indicator amino acid

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Il Kim ◽  
Ian McMillan ◽  
Henry S. Bayley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Direct Estimate ◽  
Phenylalanine Level

1. Mixtures of skim milk and free amino acids were compared as diets for pigs which would allow manipulation of dietary amino acid levels. Piglets gained 208 g/d between 3 and 14 d of age on the skim-milk diet, but replacement of 600 g/kg of the dietary nitrogen with free amino acids reduced growth rate to 148 g/d.2. Supplementation of a lysine-deficient diet with lysine reduced the catabolism of [14C]phenylalanine showing that phenylalanine catabolism could be used as an indicator of the adequacy of diet with respect to another essential amino acid.3. The dietary level of phenylalanine which would provide an excess for catabolism by the piglet was estimated directly by measuring the influence of dietary phenylalanine level on [14C]phenylalanine oxidation. Reduction of the dietary phenylalanine level below 7 g/kg had no effect on phenylalanine oxidation, whereas increasing the dietary phenylalanine level above 7 g/kg resulted in a linear increase in phenylalanine oxidation.4. An indirect estimate of histidine requirement was made by examining the influence of dietary histidine level on [14C]phenylalanine oxidation. In diets containing more than 4 g histidine/kg, phenylalanine oxidation was minimal. In diets containing less than 4 g histidine/kg, [14C]phenylalanine oxidation increased as the level of dietary histidine was reduced. This showed that the utilization of the essential amino acid phenylalanine, for protein synthesis, was not limited by histidine supply in diets containing more than 4 g histidine/kg.5. A direct estimate of histidine requirement was made by examining the influence of dietary histidine level on [14C]histidine oxidation. Diets with more than 4 g histidine/kg contained an excess which was catabolized: there was a linear increase in histidine oxidation in response to dietary histidine levels greater than 4 g/kg. This confirmed the previous indirect estimate of histidine requirement.

EFFECTS OF EXERCISE, TRAINING AND SAMPLING LOCATION ON SELECTED PLASMA FREE AMINO ACIDS IN HORSES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 827-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. RUSSELL ◽  
A. V. RODIEK ◽  
L. M. LAWRENCE
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Plasma Free Amino Acids ◽  
Central Circulation

The effect of mild exercise and conditioning on selected plasma free amino acids was investigated to determine whether riding horses are acceptable for amino acid studies. Alanine, glutamine, glutamate, leucine, isoleucine and valine were not altered by 6 min of exercise at heart rates of 108–120 beats/min. Venous samples were representative of central circulation. Key words: Horses, exercise, plasma free amino acids

Determination of Amino Acid Needs of the Young Pig by Nitrogen Balance and Plasma-Free Amino Acids

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Mitchell ◽  
D. E. Becker ◽  
A. H. Jensen ◽  
B. G. Harmon ◽  
H. W. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Free Amino Acids
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