Impact of exogenous estradiol on task-based and resting-state neural signature during and after fear extinction in healthy women

Abstract Background Disturbed self-regulation, taste reward, as well as somatosensory and visuospatial processes were thought to drive binge eating and purging behaviors that characterize bulimia nervosa. Although studies have implicated a central role of the striatum in these dysfunctions, there have been no direct investigations on striatal functional connectivity in bulimia nervosa from a network perspective. Methods We calculated the functional connectivity of striatal subregions based on the resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data of 51 bulimia nervosa patients and 53 healthy women. Results Compared with the healthy women, bulimia nervosa patients showed increased positive functional connectivity in bilateral striatal nuclei and thalamus for nearly all of the striatal subregions, and increased negative functional connectivity in bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex and occipital areas for both ventral striatum and putamen subregions. Only for the putamen subregions, we observed reduced negative functional connectivity in the prefrontal (bilateral superior and middle frontal gyri) and parietal (right inferior parietal lobe and precuneus) areas. Several striatal connectivities with occipital and primary sensorimotor cortex significantly correlated with the severity of bulimia. Conclusions The findings indicate bulimia nervosa-related alterations in striatal functional connectivity with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex supporting self-regulation, the subcortical striatum and thalamus involved in taste reward, as well as the visual occipital and sensorimotor regions mediating body image, which contribute to our understanding of neural circuitry of bulimia nervosa and encourage future therapeutic developments for bulimia nervosa by modulating striatal pathway.

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Subgenual cingulate-amygdala functional disconnection and vulnerability to melancholic depression

10.31234/osf.io/z9wv8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Clifford Ian Workman ◽

Karen E. Lythe ◽

Shane McKie ◽

Jorge Moll ◽

Jennifer A. Gethin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

A Priori ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽

Melancholic Depression ◽

Neural Signature ◽

The Right ◽

Depressive Episodes ◽

Resting State Connectivity ◽

Subgenual Cingulate

The syndromic heterogeneity of major depressive disorder (MDD) hinders understanding of the etiology of predisposing vulnerability traits and underscores the importance of identifying neurobiologically valid phenotypes. Distinctive fMRI biomarkers of vulnerability to MDD subtypes are currently lacking. This study investigated whether remitted melancholic MDD patients, who are at an elevated lifetime risk for depressive episodes, demonstrate distinctive patterns of resting-state connectivity with the subgenual cingulate cortex (SCC), known to be of core pathophysiological importance for severe and familial forms of MDD. We hypothesized that patterns of disrupted SCC connectivity would be a distinguishing feature of melancholia. A total of 63 medication-free remitted MDD (rMDD) patients (33 melancholic and 30 nonmelancholic) and 39 never-depressed healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state fMRI scanning. SCC connectivity was investigated with closely connected bilateral a priori regions of interest (ROIs) relevant to MDD (anterior temporal, ventromedial prefrontal, dorsomedial prefrontal cortices, amygdala, hippocampus, septal region, and hypothalamus). Decreased (less positive) SCC connectivity with the right parahippocampal gyrus and left amygdala distinguished melancholic rMDD patients from the nonmelancholic rMDD and HC groups (cluster-based familywise error-corrected p⩽0.007 over individual a priori ROIs corresponding to approximate Bonferroni-corrected p⩽0.05 across all seven a priori ROIs). No areas demonstrating increased (more positive) connectivity were observed. Abnormally decreased connectivity of the SCC with the amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus distinguished melancholic from nonmelancholic rMDD. These results provide the first resting-state neural signature distinctive of melancholic rMDD and may reflect a subtype-specific primary vulnerability factor given a lack of association with the number of previous episodes.

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P.442 Predicting individual brain responsivity to escitalopram in healthy women using aperiodic component of resting-state electroencephalography as biomarker for excitatory-inhibitory balance

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.09.326 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. S251-S252

Author(s):

R. Zsido ◽

E. Molloy ◽

E. Cesnaite ◽

G. Zheleva ◽

R. Regenthal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

Healthy Women ◽

Aperiodic Component

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The Laplacian eigenmaps dimensionality reduction of fMRI data for discovering stimulus-induced changes in the resting-state brain activity

10.1101/2020.12.10.419861 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nikita Pospelov ◽

Alina Tetereva ◽

Olga Martynova ◽

Konstantin Anokhin

Keyword(s):

Dimensionality Reduction ◽

Fear Conditioning ◽

Resting State ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Conditioned Fear ◽

Fear Extinction ◽

Laplacian Eigenmaps ◽

Non Linear ◽

Linear Dimensionality Reduction ◽

Meaningful Stimuli

AbstractThe resting brain at wakefulness is active even in the absence of goal-directed behavior or salient stimuli. However, patterns of this resting-state (RS) activity can undergo alterations following exposure to meaningful stimuli. This study aimed to develop an unbiased method to detect such changes in the RS activity after exposure to emotionally meaningful stimuli. For this purpose, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of RS brain activity before and after the acquisition and extinction of experimental conditioned fear. A group of healthy volunteers participated in three fMRI sessions: a RS before fear conditioning, a fear extinction session, and a RS immediately after fear extinction. The fear-conditioning paradigm consisted of three neutral visual stimuli paired with a partial reinforcement by a mild electric current. We used both linear and non-linear dimensionality reduction approaches to distinguish between the initial RS and the RS after stimuli exposure. The principal component analysis (PCA) as a linear dimensionality reduction method did not differentiate these states. Using the non-linear Laplacian eigenmaps manifold learning method, we were able to show significant differences between the two RSs at the level of individual participants. This detection was further improved by smoothing the BOLD signal with the wavelet multiresolution analysis. The developed method can improve the discrimination of functional states collected in longitudinal fMRI studies.

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Dynamic Resting State Connectivity after a High-Sugar Meal—A Neural Signature of Feeding

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-2428-pub ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 2428-PUB

Author(s):

GRACE E. SHEARRER ◽

JENNIFER R. SADLER ◽

KYLE BURGER

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

High Sugar ◽

Neural Signature ◽

Resting State Connectivity

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Variance and Scale-Free Properties of Resting-State BOLD Signal Alter after Fear Memory Acquisition and Extinction

10.1101/2019.12.16.878587 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alina Tetereva ◽

Sergey Kartashov ◽

Alexey Ivanitsky ◽

Olga Martynova

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

Fear Memory ◽

Fear Extinction ◽

Blood Oxygenation ◽

Fear Learning ◽

Extinction Procedure ◽

Recent Experience ◽

Bold Signal ◽

Scale Free ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractPrevious studies showed differences in brain dynamics during rest and different tasks. We aimed to find changes of variance and scale-free properties of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal between resting-state sessions before and after fear learning and fear memory extinction in twenty-three healthy right-handed volunteers. During a 1-hour break between MRI-scanning, subjects passed through fear extinction procedure, followed by Pavlovian fear conditioning with weak electrical stimulation. After preprocessing, we extracted the average time course of BOLD signal from 245 regions of interest (ROI) taken from the resting-state functional atlas. The variance of the BOLD signal in and Hurst exponent (H), which reflects the scale-free dynamic, were compared in resting states before after fear learning. Six ROIs showed a significant difference in H after fear extinction, including areas from the fear and memory networks. In consistency with the previous results, H decreased during fear extinction but then increased higher than before, specifically in areas related to fear extinction network, whereas the other ROIs restored H to the initial level. The BOLD signal variance showed distinct behavior: the variance in subcortical regions increased permanently, while cortical areas demonstrated a decreasing variance during fear extinction and the reverse growth in resting state after fear extinction. A limited number of ROIs showed both changes in H and the variance. Our results suggest that the variability and scale-free properties of the BOLD signal are sensitive indicators of the residual brain activity related to the recent experience.

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Resting-state functional connectivity between amygdala and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex following fear reminder predicts fear extinction

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience ◽

10.1093/scan/nsw031 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 991-1001 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Pan Feng ◽

Yong Zheng ◽

Tingyong Feng

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Fear Extinction ◽

Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity

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Functional Connectivity of Reward Circuits in Eating Disorders

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.168 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S36-S36

Author(s):

A. Favaro ◽

P. Santonastaso

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Obstetric Complications ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Healthy Women ◽

Competing Interest

ObjectiveAnorexia nervosa display alterations of reward systems and some authors hypothesize the presence of a “starvation addiction”. The aim of the study is to explore the resting-state functional connectivity of dorsal and ventral striatal nuclei.Method51 subjects with lifetime anorexia nervosa (AN) (35 acute and 16 recovered) and 34 healthy controls underwent high resolution and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsThe AN group showed a reduced functional connectivity of the putamen in comparison to healthy women and this reduction appeared to be stronger in patients with lifetime binge eating or purging. Both acute and recovered AN groups showed larger left accumbens area in comparison to healthy women. Moreover, the functional connectivity of bilateral nucleus accumbens and putamen showed significant negative correlations with the number of obstetric complications in the AN group.Discussionthe present study supports the hypothesis that AN is associated with structural and functional alterations of striatal networks and unveils a possible role of obstetric complications in the pathogenesis of striatal dysfunction.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Longitudinal Changes of Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Amygdala Following Fear Learning and Extinction

10.1101/769034 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olga Martynova ◽

Alina Tetereva ◽

Vladislav Balaev ◽

Galina Portnova ◽

Vadim Ushakov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Fear Conditioning ◽

Resting State ◽

Fear Extinction ◽

Fear Learning ◽

Control Group ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Longitudinal Changes ◽

Functional Connections ◽

Experimental Group

AbstractAltered functional connectivity of the amygdala has been observed in a resting state immediately after fear learning, even one day after aversive exposure. The persistence of increased resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the amygdala has been a critical finding in patients with stress and anxiety disorders. However, longitudinal changes in amygdala rsFC have rarely been explored in healthy participants. To address this issue, we studied the rsFC of the amygdala in two groups of healthy volunteers. The control group participated in three fMRI scanning sessions of their resting state at the first visit, one day, and one week later. The experimental group participated in three fMRI sessions on the first day: a resting state before fear conditioning, a fear extinction session, and a resting state immediately after fear extinction. Furthermore, this group experienced scanning after one day and week. The fear-conditioning paradigm consisted of visual stimuli with a distinct rate of partial reinforcement by electric shock. During the extinction, we presented the same stimuli in another sequence without aversive pairing. In the control group, rsFC maps were statistically similar between sessions for the left and right amygdala. However, in the experimental group, the increased rsFC mainly of the left amygdala was observed after extinction, one day, and one week. The between-group comparison also demonstrated an increase in the left amygdala rsFC in the experimental group. Our results indicate that functional connections of the left amygdala influenced by fear learning may persist for several hours and days in the human brain.

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