scholarly journals Behaviour change intervention for gingival health

BDJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 231 (10) ◽  
pp. 639-639
Keyword(s):  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Gingival Health

scholarly journals A behaviour change intervention to reduce home exposure to second hand smoke during pregnancy in India and Bangladesh: a theory and evidence-based approach to development

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena A. Satyanarayana ◽  
Cath Jackson ◽  
Kamran Siddiqi ◽  
Prabha S. Chandra ◽  
Rumana Huque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Delphi Survey ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Behaviour Change Interventions ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Home exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is highly prevalent amongst pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries like India and Bangladesh. The literature on the efficacy of behaviour change interventions to reduce home exposure to SHS in pregnancy is scarce. Methods We employed a theory and evidence-based approach to develop an intervention using pregnant women as agents of change for their husband’s smoking behaviours at home. A systematic review of SHS behaviour change interventions led us to focus on developing a multicomponent intervention and informed selection of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) for review in a modified Delphi survey. The modified Delphi survey provided expert consensus on the most effective BCTs in reducing home exposure to SHS. Finally, a qualitative interview study provided context and detailed understanding of knowledge, attitudes and practices around SHS. This insight informed the content and delivery of the proposed intervention components. Results The final intervention consisted of four components: a report on saliva cotinine levels of the pregnant woman, a picture booklet containing information about SHS and its impact on health as well strategies to negotiate a smoke-free home, a letter from the future baby to their father encouraging him to provide a smoke-free home, and automated voice reminder and motivational messages delivered to husbands on their mobile phone. Intervention delivery was in a single face-to-face session with a research assistant who explained the cotinine report, discussed key strategies for ensuring a smoke-free environment at home and practised with pregnant women how they would share the booklet and letter with their husband and supportive family members. Conclusion A theory and evidence-based approach informed the development of a multicomponent behaviour change intervention, described here. The acceptability and feasibility of the intervention which was subsequently tested in a pilot RCT in India and Bangladesh will be published later.

scholarly journals Estimating the reproducibility & transparency of smoking cessation behaviour change interventions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Norris ◽  
Yiwei He ◽  
Rachel Loh ◽  
Robert West ◽  
Susan Michie
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Behaviour Change Interventions ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Introduction: Activities promoting research reproducibility and transparency are crucial for generating trustworthy evidence. Evaluation of smoking interventions is one area where vested interests may motivate reduced reproducibility and transparency. Aims: Assess markers of transparency and reproducibility in smoking behaviour change intervention evaluation reports.Methods: One hundred evaluation reports of smoking behaviour change intervention randomised controlled trials published in 2018-2019 were identified. Reproducibility markers of pre-registration, protocol sharing, data-, materials- and analysis script-sharing, replication of a previous study and open access publication were coded in identified reports. Transparency markers of funding and conflict of interest declarations were also coded. Coding was performed by two researchers, with inter-rater reliability calculated using Krippendorff’s alpha.Results: Seventy-one percent of reports were open access and 73% pre-registered. However, only 13% provided accessible materials, 7% accessible data and 1% accessible analysis scripts. No reports were replication studies. Ninety-four percent of reports provided a funding source statement and eighty-eight percent of reports provided a conflict of interest statement.Conclusions: Open data, materials, analysis and replications are rare in smoking behaviour change interventions, whereas funding source and conflict of interest declarations are common. Future smoking research should be more reproducible to enable knowledge accumulation.

Supporting mental health during COVID-19 using a digital behaviour change intervention: an open-label, single-arm, pre-post intervention research study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Summers ◽  
Philip Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Health Technologies

BACKGROUND COVID-19 is taking its toll on people's mental health, particularly as people are advised to adhere to social distancing, self-isolation measures and government imposed national lockdowns. Digital health technologies have an important role to play in keeping people connected and supporting mental health and wellbeing. Particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic as even before this unprecedented time, mental health and social services were already stretched. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to evaluate the 12-week outcomes of the digitally delivered Gro Health platform, a digital behaviour change intervention for self-management of mental wellbeing, sleep, activity, and nutrition. METHODS The study used a quasi-experimental research design consisting of an open-label, single-arm, pre-post intervention engagement using a convenience sample. From adults who had joined the intervention and had a complete baseline dataset (GAD-7 Anxiety Test Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire), we followed all users for 12 weeks (N=273), including 33 (12.1%) who reported a positive COVID-19 diagnosis during the study period. Users engagement with the Gro Health platform was tracked by active minutes. RESULTS Of the 347 study participants, 273 (78.67%) completed both baseline and follow up surveys. Change in scores for anxiety, perceived stress and depression was predicted by app engagement with the strongest effect being seen in change perceived stress scores F(1,271)=251.397, p<0.001, with an R2 of .479. CONCLUSIONS A digital behaviour change platform that provides remote mental wellbeing support can be effective in managing depression, anxiety, and perceived stress during times of crisis such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. CLINICALTRIAL Approved by Royal Holloway, University of London Ethics Board.

scholarly journals The development of a theory informed behaviour change intervention to improve adherence to dietary and physical activity treatment guidelines in individuals with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kinnear ◽  
E. Wainwright ◽  
J. E. Bourne ◽  
F. E. Lithander ◽  
J. Hamilton-Shield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolaemia ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Guide Intervention

Abstract Background Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetic condition characterised by elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Following dietary and physical activity guidelines could help minimise this risk but adherence is low. Interventions to target these behaviours are therefore required. A comprehensive understanding of the target behaviours and behaviour change theory should drive the process of intervention development to increase intervention effectiveness and scalability. This paper describes the application of a theoretical framework to the findings of a qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) to inform the content and delivery of an intervention to improve adherence to dietary and physical activity guidelines in individuals with FH. Methods The Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) was used to guide intervention development. Factors influencing dietary and physical activity behaviours were identified from an earlier QES and mapped onto factors within the BCW. A comprehensive behavioural diagnosis of these factors was conducted through application of the theoretical domains framework (TDF). Using these data, the most appropriate intervention functions and behaviour change techniques (BCTs) for inclusion in the intervention were identified. Decision making was guided by evaluation criteria recommended by BCW guidance and feedback from individuals with FH. Results Factors influencing dietary and physical activity behaviours mapped onto twelve of the fourteen TDF domains, with seven intervention functions deemed suitable to target the domains’ theoretical constructs. Twenty-six BCTs were identified as being appropriate for delivery within these functions and were included in the intervention. For instance, within the enablement intervention function, the BCT problem solving was incorporated by inclusion of a ‘barriers and solutions’ section. Guided by evaluation criteria and feedback from individuals with FH, the intervention will be delivered as an hour-long family-based appointment, followed up with four telephone calls. Conclusions The novel application of the BCW and TDF to the results of a QES has enabled the development of a theory and evidence informed behaviour change intervention. This systematic approach facilitates evaluation of the intervention as part of an ongoing feasibility trial. The transparent approach taken can be used to guide intervention development by researchers in other fields.

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