scholarly journals A CCAAT-binding factor, SlNFYA10, negatively regulates ascorbate accumulation by modulating the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway in tomato

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifang Chen ◽  
Tixu Hu ◽  
Jie Ye ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Genzhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Ccaat Box ◽  
Functional Analyses

AbstractAscorbic acid (AsA), an important antioxidant and growth regulator, and it is essential for plant development and human health. Specifically, humans have to acquire AsA from dietary sources due to their inability to synthesize it. The AsA biosynthesis pathway in plants has been elucidated, but its regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. In this report, we biochemically identified a CCAAT-box transcription factor (SlNFYA10) that can bind to the promoter of SlGME1, which encodes GDP-Man-3’,5’-epimerase, a pivotal enzyme in the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway. Importantly, SlNFYA10 simultaneously binds to the promoter of SlGGP1, a downstream gene of SlGME1 in the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway. Binding assays in yeast and functional analyses in plants have confirmed that SlNFYA10 exerts a negative effect on the expression of both SlGME1 and SlGGP1. Transgenic tomato lines overexpressing SlNFYA10 show decreased levels of SlGME1 and SlGGP1 abundance and AsA concentration in their leaves and fruits, accompanied by enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress. Overall, SlNFYA10 is the first CCAAT-binding factor identified to date to negatively regulate the AsA biosynthetic pathway at multiple sites and modulate plant responses to oxidative stress.

scholarly journals The same CCAAT box-binding factor binds to the promoter of two coordinately regulated major histocompatibility complex class II genes.

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 578-581
Author(s):  
M J Kern ◽  
J G Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class ◽  
Complex Class ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Flanking Sequences ◽  
Ccaat Box

Using competition mobility shift, methylation interference, and proteolytic clipping DNA binding assays, we demonstrate that the protein binding the major histocompatibility complex A beta CCAAT box is indistinguishable from the protein previously named NF-Y, which binds the major histocompatibility complex E alpha CCAAT box. Although the two CCAAT boxes share the same 10-base core sequence, termed the Y box, their flanking sequences, known to be important for binding, are very different.

scholarly journals H2O2-triggered Retrograde Signaling from Chloroplasts to Nucleus Plays Specific Role in Response to Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 287 (15) ◽  
pp. 11717-11729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Maruta ◽  
Masahiro Noshi ◽  
Aoi Tanouchi ◽  
Masahiro Tamoi ◽  
Yukinori Yabuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Retrograde Signaling ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Large Set ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Signaling Function ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Membrane Bound

Recent findings have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signaling molecules for regulating plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress and that there exist source- and kind-specific pathways for ROS signaling. In plant cells, a major source of ROS is chloroplasts, in which thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase (tAPX) plays a role in the regulation of H2O2 levels. Here, to clarify the signaling function of H2O2 derived from the chloroplast, we created a conditional system for producing H2O2 in the organelle by chemical-dependent tAPX silencing using estrogen-inducible RNAi. When the expression of tAPX was silenced in leaves, levels of oxidized protein in chloroplasts increased in the absence of stress. Microarray analysis revealed that tAPX silencing affects the expression of a large set of genes, some of which are involved in the response to chilling and pathogens. In response to tAPX silencing, the transcript levels of C-repeat/DRE binding factor (CBF1), a central regulator for cold acclimation, was suppressed, resulting in a high sensitivity of tAPX-silenced plants to cold. Furthermore, tAPX silencing enhanced the levels of salicylic acid (SA) and the response to SA. Interestingly, we found that tAPX silencing-responsive genes were up- or down-regulated by high light (HL) and that tAPX silencing had a negative effect on expression of ROS-responsive genes under HL, suggesting synergistic and antagonistic roles of chloroplastic H2O2 in HL response. These findings provide a new insight into the role of H2O2-triggered retrograde signaling from chloroplasts in the response to stress in planta.

The same CCAAT box-binding factor binds to the promoter of two coordinately regulated major histocompatibility complex class II genes

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 578-581
Author(s):  
M J Kern ◽  
J G Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class ◽  
Complex Class ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Flanking Sequences ◽  
Ccaat Box

Using competition mobility shift, methylation interference, and proteolytic clipping DNA binding assays, we demonstrate that the protein binding the major histocompatibility complex A beta CCAAT box is indistinguishable from the protein previously named NF-Y, which binds the major histocompatibility complex E alpha CCAAT box. Although the two CCAAT boxes share the same 10-base core sequence, termed the Y box, their flanking sequences, known to be important for binding, are very different.

The mechanisms involved in obesity-induced male infertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Heydari ◽  
Rafighe Ghiasi ◽  
Saber Ghaderpour ◽  
Rana Keyhanmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Introduction: Obesity resulted by imbalance between the intake of energy and energy consumption can lead to growth and metabolic disease development in people. Both in obese men and animal models, several studies indicate that obesity leads to male infertility. Objective: This review has discussed some mechanisms involved in obesity-induced male infertility. Method: Online documents were searched through Science Direct, Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar websites dating from 1959 to recognize studies on obesity, kisspeptin, leptin, and infertility. Results: Obesity induced elevated inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress can affect male reproductive functions including spermatogenesis disorders, reduced male fertility power and hormones involved in hypothalamus-pituitarygonadal axis. Conclusion: There is significant evidence that obesity resulted in male infertility. obesity has negative effect on male reproductive function via several mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals The Negative Effect of Protein Phosphatase Z1 Deletion on the Oxidative Stress Tolerance of Candida albicans Is Synergistic with Betamethasone Exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 540
Author(s):  
Ágnes Jakab ◽  
Tamás Emri ◽  
Kinga Csillag ◽  
Anita Szabó ◽  
Fruzsina Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Ergosterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Menadione Sodium Bisulfite ◽  
Rnaseq Data ◽  
Negative Effect

The glucocorticoid betamethasone (BM) has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects; however, it increases the susceptibility of patients to superficial Candida infections. Previously we found that this disadvantageous side effect can be counteracted by menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) induced oxidative stress treatment. The fungus specific protein phosphatase Z1 (CaPpz1) has a pivotal role in oxidative stress response of Candida albicans and was proposed as a potential antifungal drug target. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of CaPPZ1 gene deletion and MSB treatment in BM pre-treated C. albicans cultures. We found that the combined treatment increased redox imbalance, enhanced the specific activities of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced the growth in cappz1 mutant (KO) strain. RNASeq data demonstrated that the presence of BM markedly elevated the number of differentially expressed genes in the MSB treated KO cultures. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species, increased iron content and fatty acid oxidation, as well as the inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis and RNA metabolic processes explain, at least in part, the fungistatic effect caused by the combined stress exposure. We suggest that the synergism between MSB treatment and CaPpz1 inhibition could be considered in developing of a novel combinatorial antifungal strategy accompanying steroid therapy.

scholarly journals Distribution of a Limited Sir2 Protein Pool Regulates the Strength of Yeast rDNA Silencing and Is Modulated by Sir4p

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 1205-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S Smith ◽  
Carrie Baker Brachmann ◽  
Lorraine Pillus ◽  
Jef D Boeke
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptional Silencing ◽  
Rdna Locus ◽  
Genetic Manipulations ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Endogenous Level ◽  
Protein Pool ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract Transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae occurs at the silent mating-type loci HML and HMR, at telomeres, and at the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus RDN1. Silencing in the rDNA occurs by a novel mechanism that depends on a single Silent Information Regulator (SIR) gene, SIR2. SIR4, essential for other silenced loci, paradoxically inhibits rDNA silencing. In this study, we elucidate a regulatory mechanism for rDNA silencing based on the finding that rDNA silencing strength directly correlates with cellular Sir2 protein levels. The endogenous level of Sir2p was shown to be limiting for rDNA silencing. Furthermore, small changes in Sir2p levels altered rDNA silencing strength. In rDNA silencing phenotypes, sir2 mutations were shown to be epistatic to sir4 mutations, indicating that SIR4 inhibition of rDNA silencing is mediated through SIR2. Furthermore, rDNA silencing is insensitive to SIR3 overexpression, but is severely reduced by overexpression of full-length Sir4p or a fragment of Sir4p that interacts with Sir2p. This negative effect of SIR4 overexpression was overridden by co-overexpression of SIR2, suggesting that SIR4 directly inhibits the rDNA silencing function of SIR2. Finally, genetic manipulations of SIR4 previously shown to promote extended life span also resulted in enhanced rDNA silencing. We propose a simple model in which telomeres act as regulators of rDNA silencing by competing for limiting amounts of Sir2 protein.

Transcriptomic profiling revealed the regulatory mechanism of Arabidopsis seedlings response to oxidative stress from cryopreservation

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2161-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ren ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Guan-qun Chen ◽  
Barbara M. Reed ◽  
Xiao-hui Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptomic Profiling

scholarly journals The Salt-Stress Response of the Transgenic Plum Line J8-1 and Its Interaction with the Salicylic Acid Biosynthetic Pathway from Mandelonitrile

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina Bernal-Vicente ◽  
Daniel Cantabella ◽  
Cesar Petri ◽  
José Hernández ◽  
Pedro Diaz-Vivancos
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Chlorophyll Content And Fluorescence ◽  
Salt Stress Response

Salinity is considered as one of the most important abiotic challenges that affect crop productivity. Plant hormones, including salicylic acid (SA), are key factors in the defence signalling output triggered during plant responses against environmental stresses. We have previously reported in peach a new SA biosynthetic pathway from mandelonitrile (MD), the molecule at the hub of the cyanogenic glucoside turnover in Prunus sp. In this work, we have studied whether this new SA biosynthetic pathway is also present in plum and the possible role this pathway plays in plant plasticity under salinity, focusing on the transgenic plum line J8-1, which displays stress tolerance via an enhanced antioxidant capacity. The SA biosynthesis from MD in non-transgenic and J8-1 micropropagated plum shoots was studied by metabolomics. Then the response of J8-1 to salt stress in presence of MD or Phe (MD precursor) was assayed by measuring: chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters, stress related hormones, levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants, the expression of two genes coding redox-related proteins, and the content of soluble nutrients. The results from in vitro assays suggest that the SA synthesis from the MD pathway demonstrated in peach is not clearly present in plum, at least under the tested conditions. Nevertheless, in J8-1 NaCl-stressed seedlings, an increase in SA was recorded as a result of the MD treatment, suggesting that MD could be involved in the SA biosynthesis under NaCl stress conditions in plum plants. We have also shown that the plum line J8-1 was tolerant to NaCl under greenhouse conditions, and this response was quite similar in MD-treated plants. Nevertheless, the MD treatment produced an increase in SA, jasmonic acid (JA) and reduced ascorbate (ASC) contents, as well as in the coefficient of non-photochemical quenching (qN) and the gene expression of Non-Expressor of Pathogenesis-Related 1 (NPR1) and thioredoxin H (TrxH) under salinity conditions. This response suggested a crosstalk between different signalling pathways (NPR1/Trx and SA/JA) leading to salinity tolerance in the transgenic plum line J8-1.

scholarly journals Inoculation with Efficient Nitrogen Fixing and Indoleacetic Acid Producing Bacterial Microsymbiont Enhance Tolerance of the Model LegumeMedicago truncatulato Iron Deficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Kallala ◽  
Wissal M’sehli ◽  
Karima Jelali ◽  
Zribi Kais ◽  
Haythem Mhadhbi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Negative Effect

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of symbiotic bacteria inoculation on the response ofMedicago truncatulagenotypes to iron deficiency. The present work was conducted on threeMedicago truncatulagenotypes: A17, TN8.20, and TN1.11. Three treatments were performed: control (C), direct Fe deficiency (DD), and induced Fe deficiency by bicarbonate (ID). Plants were nitrogen-fertilized (T) or inoculated with two bacterial strains:Sinorhizobium melilotiTII7 andSinorhizobium medicaeSII4. Biometric, physiological, and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Iron deficiency had a significant lowering effect on plant biomass and chlorophyll content in allMedicago truncatulagenotypes. TN1.11 showed the highest lipid peroxidation and leakage of electrolyte under iron deficiency conditions, which suggest that TN1.11 was more affected than A17 and TN8.20 by Fe starvation. Iron deficiency affected symbiotic performance indices of allMedicago truncatulagenotypes inoculated with bothSinorhizobiumstrains, mainly nodules number and biomass as well as nitrogen-fixing capacity. Nevertheless, inoculation withSinorhizobiumstrains mitigates the negative effect of Fe deficiency on plant growth and oxidative stress compared to nitrogen-fertilized plants. The highest auxin producing strain, TII7, preserves relatively high growth and root biomass and length when inoculated to TN8.20 and A17. On the other hand, both TII7 and SII4 strains improve the performance of sensitive genotype TN1.11 through reduction of the negative effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll and plant Fe content. The bacterial inoculation improved Fe-deficient plant response to oxidative stress via the induction of the activities of antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals Neuronal-specific function of hTim8a in Complex IV assembly provides insight into the molecular mechanism underlying Mohr-Tranebjærg syndrome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Kang ◽  
Alexander J. Anderson ◽  
David P. De Souza ◽  
Catherine S. Palmer ◽  
Kenji M. Fujihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Copper Chaperone ◽  
Intermembrane Space ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Hydrophobic Membrane ◽  
Complex Iv ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity

AbstractHuman Tim8a is a member of an intermembrane space chaperone network, known as the small TIM family, which transport hydrophobic membrane proteins through this compartment. Mutations in TIMM8A cause a neurodegenerative disease, Mohr-Tranebjærg syndrome (MTS), which is characterised by sensorineural hearing loss, dystonia and blindness. Nothing is known about the function of hTim8a in neuronal cells and consequently how lack of hTim8a leads to a neurodegenerative disease. We identified a novel cell-specific function of hTim8a in the assembly of Complex IV, which is mediated through a transient interaction with the copper chaperone COX17. Complex IV assembly defects in cells lacking hTim8a leads to oxidative stress and changes to key apoptotic regulators, including cytochrome c and Bax, which primes cells for cell death. Alleviation of oxidative stress using Vitamin E rescues cells from apoptotic vulnerability. We hypothesis that enhanced sensitivity of neuronal cells to apoptosis is the underlying mechanism of MTS.

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