scholarly journals Stronger zonal convective clustering associated with a wider tropical rain belt

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Popp ◽  
Sandrine Bony
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rain Belt ◽  
Double Peak ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Double Peak Structure ◽  
Peak Structure

Abstract Deep convection can exhibit a large diversity of spatial organizations along the equator. The form of organization may affect the tropical large-scale motions of the atmosphere, but observational evidence is currently missing. Here we show using observations that when convection along the equator is more clustered in the zonal direction, the tropical rain belt widens in the meridional direction, and exhibits a double-peak structure. About half of the influence of the convective clustering on the width of the rain belt is associated with the annual cycle and the other half is associated with unforced climate variability. Idealized climate model experiments show that the zonal convective clustering alone can explain the observed behavior and that the behavior can be explained with an energetic framework. This demonstrates that the representation of equatorial convective clustering is important for modeling the tropical rainfall distribution accurately.

scholarly journals A Further Look at Q1 and Q2 from TOGA COARE

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 1.1-1.12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Johnson ◽  
Paul E. Ciesielski ◽  
Thomas M. Rickenbach
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Double Peak ◽  
Double Peak Structure ◽  
Stratiform Rain ◽  
Peak Structure ◽  
Toga Coare ◽  
Stratiform Precipitation ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Two features of Yanai et al.’s profiles of Q1 and Q2—the commonly observed double-peak structure to Q2 and an inflection in the Q1 profile below the melting level—are explored using estimates of convective and stratiform rainfall partitioning based on Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) radar reflectivity data collected during TOGA COARE. The MIT radar data allow the Q1 and Q2 profiles to be classified according to stratiform rain fraction within the radar domain and, within the limitations of the datasets, allow interpretations to be made about the relative contributions of convective and stratiform precipitation to the mean profiles. The sorting of Q2 by stratiform rain fraction leads to the confirmation of previous findings that the double-peak structure in the mean profile is a result of a combination of separate contributions of convective and stratiform precipitation. The convective contribution, which has a drying peak in the lower troposphere, combines with a stratiform drying peak aloft and low-level moistening peak to yield a double-peak structure. With respect to the inflection in the Q1 profile below the 0°C level, this feature appears to be a manifestation of melting. It is the significant horizontal dimension of the stratiform components of tropical convective systems that yields a small but measurable imprint on the large-scale temperature and moisture stratification upon which the computations of Q1 and Q2 are based. The authors conclude, then, that the rather subtle features in the Q1/Q2 profiles of Yanai et al. are directly linked to the prominence of stratiform precipitation within tropical precipitation systems.

The magnetocaloric effect with critical behavior of a periodic Anderson-like organic polymer

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 510-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Ding ◽  
Y. Zhong ◽  
S. W. Fan ◽  
L. Y. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Critical Behavior ◽  
Magnetic Entropy Change ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Magnetic Entropy ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Double Peak ◽  
Double Peak Structure ◽  
Peak Structure ◽  
Magnetic Cooling

The magnetic entropy change (−ΔS) shows a double-peak structure, indicating a double magnetic cooling process via demagnetization.

Transport into the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere over North America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyue Wang ◽  
William Randel ◽  
Yutian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Vertical Diffusion ◽  
Dynamical Mechanism ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
The North ◽  
Budget Analysis

<p>We study fast transport of air from the surface into the North American upper troposphere-lower stratosphere (UTLS) during northern summer with a large ensemble of Boundary Impulse Response (BIR) idealized tracers. Specifically, we implement 90 pulse tracers at the Northern Hemisphere surface and release them during July and August months in the fully coupled Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) version 5. We focus on the most efficient transport cases above southern U.S. (10°-40°N, 60°-140°W) at 100 hPa with modal ages fall below 10th percentile. We examine transport-related terms, including resolved dynamics computed inside model transport scheme and parameterized processes (vertical diffusion and convective parameterization), to pin down the dominant dynamical mechanism. Our results show during the fastest transport, air parcels enter ULTS directly above the Gulf of Mexico. The budget analysis indicates that strong deep convection over the Gulf of Mexico fast uplift the tracer into 200 hPa, and then is vertically advected into 100 hPa and circulated by the enhanced large-scale anticyclone. </p>

Double-peak structure of the nonresonant photoresponse of terahertz quantum Hall detectors

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nachtwei ◽  
F. Gouider ◽  
C. Stellmach ◽  
G. Vasile ◽  
Yu. B. Vasilyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Hall ◽  
Double Peak ◽  
Double Peak Structure ◽  
Peak Structure

On the double peak structure of avalanche photodiode response to monoenergetic x-rays at various temperatures and bias voltages

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. C01033-C01033 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M.B. Monteiro ◽  
F.D. Amaro ◽  
M.S. Sousa ◽  
M. Abdou-Ahmed ◽  
P. Amaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Double Peak ◽  
Double Peak Structure ◽  
Peak Structure
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