scholarly journals Simultaneous polydirectional transport of colloidal bipeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahla Mirzaee-Kakhki ◽  
Adrian Ernst ◽  
Daniel de las Heras ◽  
Maciej Urbaniak ◽  
Feliks Stobiecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
External Field ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Addition Reaction ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Magnetic Pattern ◽  
Colloidal Spheres ◽  
Colloidal Science ◽  
Colloidal Rods

Abstract Detailed control over the motion of colloidal particles is relevant in many applications in colloidal science such as lab-on-a-chip devices. Here, we use an external magnetic field to assemble paramagnetic colloidal spheres into colloidal rods of several lengths. The rods reside above a square magnetic pattern and are transported via modulation of the direction of the external magnetic field. The rods behave like bipeds walking above the pattern. Depending on their length, the bipeds perform topologically distinct classes of protected walks. We design parallel polydirectional modulation loops of the external field that command up to six classes of bipeds to walk on distinct predesigned paths. Using such loops, we induce the collision of reactant bipeds, their polymerization addition reaction to larger bipeds, the separation of product bipeds from the educts, the sorting of different product bipeds, and also the parallel writing of a word consisting of several letters. Our ideas and methodology might be transferred to other systems for which topological protection is at work.

Gauge invariant and gauge dependent aspects of topological walking colloidal bipeds

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahla Mirzaee-Kakhki ◽  
Adrian Ernst ◽  
Daniel de las Heras ◽  
Maciej Urbaniak ◽  
Feliks Stobiecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Magnetic Pattern ◽  
Colloidal Spheres

Paramagnetic colloidal spheres assemble to colloidal bipeds of various length in an external magnetic field and walk on a magnetic pattern.

Infinite solitons in ferromagnetic materials with an internal magnetic field

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150413
Author(s):  
Hamdy I. Abdel-Gawad
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
External Field ◽  
Model Equation ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Soliton Solutions ◽  
Internal Magnetic Field ◽  
Multiple Soliton Solutions ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The ferromagnetism induced by an external magnetic field (EMF), in (3+1) dimensions, is governed by Kraenkel–Manna–Merle system (KMMS). A (1+1) dimension model equation was derived in the literature. The magnetic moments are parallel to the magnetic field in ferromagnetism as they are aligning in the same direction of the external field. Here, it is shown that the KMMS supports the presence of internal magnetic field. This may be argued to medium characteristics. The objective of this work is to mind multiple soliton solutions, which are obtained via the generalized together with extended unified methods. Graphical representation of the results are carried. They describe infinite soliton shapes, which arise from the multiple variation of the arbitrary functions in the solutions. It is, also, shown that internal magnetic field decays, asymptotically, to zero with time.

QUANTUM QUASI-SOLITONS IN THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL FERROMAGNETIC LATTICE WITH AN EXTERNAL FIELD

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (09) ◽  
pp. 1350058 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE-JUN LI ◽  
BING TANG ◽  
KE HU ◽  
YI TANG
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
External Field ◽  
Multiple Scale ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Scale Method ◽  
Nonlinear Excitations ◽  
Localized Mode ◽  
Intrinsic Localized Mode

Based on the quantum theory and a simplified version of the multiple-scale method, the nonlinear excitations in a two-dimensional ferromagnetic lattice with an external magnetic field are analytically investigated. The standard two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation is obtained. Results show that the quantum quasi-soliton can exist in the two-dimensional ferromagnetic lattice. In addition, when the group velocity is equal to zero, at the boundary of the Brillouin zone, the quantum quasi-soliton becomes the quantum intrinsic localized mode.

Characteristics of Ultrasound Propagation in a Magnetic Fluid Under Uniform Magnetic Field

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Motozawa ◽  
Tatsuo Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Uniform Magnetic Field ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Magnetic Field Intensity ◽  
Magnetic Field Direction ◽  
Ultrasound Propagation ◽  
Ultrasonic Propagation ◽  
The Magnetic Field

When an external magnetic field is applied to a magnetic fluid, some of the colloidal particles coagulate and form chain-like clusters. Properties of ultrasonic propagation wave are changed by these chain-like clusters. We carried out measurement of the ultrasonic propagation velocity in a magnetic fluid. Measurement were made by changing the magnetic field intensity from 0 mT to 570 mT, and the angle between the magnetic field direction and direction of the ultrasound propagation from 0° to 180°. The ultrasound frequencies were 1 MHz, 2 MHz and 4 MHz. Some of experimental results for the characteristics of ultrasound propagation in a magnetic fluid under a uniform magnetic field were reported.

scholarly journals Self-assembly of chemically modified graphene sheets in an external magnetic field

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (34) ◽  
pp. 19457-19464
Author(s):  
Mingqiong Tong ◽  
Jianda Cao ◽  
Xiaoping Chen ◽  
Huanxia Zhang ◽  
Wen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
External Field ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Modified Graphene

The rapid developments of effective self-assembly technologies indicated that ordered structures of GO could be produced using external field inducement.

Arrangement of Fe/Cr/Fe Film Magnetisation Curve outside the Hysteresis Loop as the Manifestation of Spin Density Wave in Cr Layer

2012 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 478-481
Author(s):  
S.A. Gudin ◽  
M.I. Kurkin ◽  
A.V. Gapontsev
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
External Field ◽  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Spin Density ◽  
Density Wave ◽  
Spin Density Wave ◽  
Ferromagnetic State ◽  
Parallel Orientation ◽  
Magnetisation Curve

Conditions of coexistence of Fe/Cr/Fe film states with parallel and antiparallel Fe layer magnetisations orientation are established. The transition from antiparallel to parallel orientation in external magnetic field is caused with Cr layer spin density wave phase change when wave node in the centre of Cr layer is substituted with wave antinode. The coexistence of these two states means that Fe/Cr/Fe film ferromagnetic state created with external magnetic field retains after the switching this field off. This phenomenon will manifest itself in the fact that magnetisation curve of initially antiferromagnetic Fe/Cr/Fe film will go outside the hysteresis loop of it's remagnetisation in ferromagnetic state created by external field.

scholarly journals Collimation of hot electron beams by external field from magnetic-flux compression

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiu Gu ◽  
Jinqing Yu ◽  
Weimin Zhou ◽  
Fengjuan Wu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
External Field ◽  
Fast Ignition ◽  
Hot Electrons ◽  
Hot Electron ◽  
Flux Compression ◽  
Magnetic Flux Compression

AbstractIn fast ignition of inertial confinement fusion, hot electron beam is considered to be an appropriate energy source for ignition. However, hot electrons are divergent as they are transporting in over-dense plasma. So collimating the hot electrons becomes one of the most important issues in fast ignition. A method to collimate hot electron beam by external magnetic field is proposed in this paper. The external field can be generated by compressing a seed magnetic field at the stage of laser-driven implosion. This method is confirmed by particle-in-cell simulations. The results show that hot electrons are well collimated by external magnetic field from magnetic-flux compression.

The Temperature of Berezinsky – Kosterlitz – Thouless Transition in Two-Dimensional Superconductor in an External Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Krinitsyn ◽  
Iliya Tikhomirov ◽  
Klimentiy Yugay
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
External Field ◽  
Critical Field ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Upper Critical Field ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Calculated Temperature

The Method of Monte-Carlo calculated temperature of Berezinsky – Kosterlitz – Thouless transition in twodimensional superconductor 2nd type in the presence of an external magnetic field. It is shown that near the upper critical field filling cells with a size of ξ × ξ relation, where ξ – coherence length at a given temperature, corresponds to half. It is also shown that ТBKT decreases with increasing interaction between the vortices and antivortices and increase of the external applied magnetic field

Controllable tunneling of planar structures containing single-negative layers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Afanas'ev ◽  
Irina V. Fedorova ◽  
Dmitriy I. Sementsov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
External Field ◽  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Transfer Matrix Method ◽  
Matrix Method ◽  
Transmission Spectra ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Planar Structures ◽  
Negative Material

The possibility of perfect (i.e. non-reflective) tunneling of microwave radiation through planar structures containing layers with negative material parameters is investigated. A symmetric trilayer is considered, including two ferrite layers, which are magnetized by an external field. The conditions of perfect tunneling are obtained analytically using the transfer matrix method. By the numerical solution of the obtained equations, the positions of the highest transmission peaks in the spectrum of the structure are determined. The controllability of the transmission spectra due to the external magnetic field is shown.

Rotational structure of triplet–singlet transitions in orthorhombic molecules in intermediate and high magnetic fields

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1066-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. di Lauro ◽  
E. Perri
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
External Field ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Rotational Structure ◽  
High Magnetic Fields ◽  
Zero Field ◽  
High Fields

The Zeeman band profiles are calculated for near-case (b) triplet–singlet transitions in asymmetric rotors, making allowance for the intensity perturbations induced by an external magnetic field. It is shown that new bands correlating with zero-field forbidden lines can be observed under the effect of sufficiently high fields. Band profiles and the patterns of the magnetic sublevels of the triplet state split by the external field are discussed in detail for the Paschen–Back limit.

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