Resurgent Na+ currents promote ultrafast spiking in projection neurons that drive fine motor control

AbstractThe underlying mechanisms that promote precise spiking in upper motor neurons controlling fine motor skills are not well understood. Here we report that projection neurons in the adult zebra finch song nucleus RA display robust high-frequency firing, ultra-narrow spike waveforms, superfast Na+ current inactivation kinetics, and large resurgent Na+ currents (INaR). These properties of songbird pallial motor neurons closely resemble those of specialized large pyramidal neurons in mammalian primary motor cortex. They emerge during the early phases of song development in males, but not females, coinciding with a complete switch of Na+ channel subunit expression from Navβ3 to Navβ4. Dynamic clamping and dialysis of Navβ4’s C-terminal peptide into juvenile RA neurons provide evidence that Navβ4, and its associated INaR, promote neuronal excitability. We thus propose that INaR modulates the excitability of upper motor neurons that are required for the execution of fine motor skills.

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Resurgent Na+ currents promote ultrafast spiking in projection neurons that drive fine motor control

10.1101/2021.09.09.459677 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin M. Zemel ◽

Alexander A. Nevue ◽

Andre Dagostin ◽

Peter V. Lovell ◽

Claudio V. Mello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Neurons ◽

High Frequency ◽

Neuronal Excitability ◽

Pyramidal Neurons ◽

Vocal Learning ◽

Temporal Coding ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Inactivation Kinetics ◽

Projection Neurons ◽

Upper Motor Neurons

AbstractThe underlying mechanisms that promote precise spiking in upper motor neurons controlling fine motor skills are not well understood. Here we report that projection neurons in the adult zebra finch song nucleus RA display: 1) robust high-frequency firing, 2) ultra-short half-width spike waveforms, 3) superfast Na+ current inactivation kinetics and 4) large resurgent Na+ currents (INaR). These spiking properties closely resemble those of specialized pyramidal neurons in mammalian motor cortex and are well suited for precise temporal coding. They emerge during the critical period for vocal learning in males but not females, coinciding with a complete switch of modulatory Na+ channel subunit expression from Navβ3 to Navβ4. Dynamic clamping and dialysis of Navβ4’s C-terminal peptide into juvenile RA neurons provide evidence that this subunit, and its associated INaR, promote neuronal excitability. We propose that Navβ4 underpins INaR that facilitates precise, prolonged, and reliable high-frequency firing in upper motor neurons.

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PENGEMBANGAN FISIK MOTORIK ANAK USIA DINI DENGAN BERMAI

Edupedia ◽

10.35316/edupedia.v3i2.253 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 67-77

Author(s):

Farhatin Masrurah ◽

Khulusinniyah Khulusinniyah

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

High Activity ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Development ◽

Rapid Growth ◽

Skills Development ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Fine Motor Skills ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Gross Motor Skills

The first five years of a children’s age is the period of rapid growth with physical and motor development. Those process will develop well if stimulated continuously. Early childhood always identic with high activity requires the opportunity to express their abilities. Therefore playing method is very urgent inchildren’s gross motor skills and fine motor skills development through a variety of playing activities both indoors and outdoors. Playing is an activity that cannot be separated from early childhood’s world. All playing activities will be carried out happily. By the same token learning by playing will be done happily without any sense of being forced or oppressed.

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Development of an arcade controller for children with intellectual disabilities to improve fine motor skills through video games

2020 IEEE Games, Multimedia, Animation and Multiple Realities Conference (GMAX) ◽

10.1109/gmax49668.2020.9256830 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Domenica A. Merchan-Garcia ◽

Alejandro S. Enriquez-Mancheno ◽

Victor H. Uguna-Uguna ◽

Paola F. Suquilanda-Cuesta ◽

Vladimir E. Robles-Bykbaev

Keyword(s):

Video Games ◽

Intellectual Disabilities ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Fine Motor Skills

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P110 Sex differences in hand osteoarthritis symptoms and function

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keab247.106 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Brona Dinneen ◽

David Heath ◽

Mohammed Tauseef Ghaffar ◽

Miriam O'Sullivan ◽

Carmel Silke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Functional Assessment ◽

Functional Ability ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Hand Osteoarthritis ◽

Fine Motor Skills ◽

Males And Females ◽

And Function

Abstract Background/Aims There is currently no consensus regarding sex-related differences in pain intensity and functional abilities among patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA). In this study we determine sex-related differences in pain intensity and functional ability among patients with hand OA, as assessed by a self-report questionnaire and by performance-based tests. Methods Using the AUSCAN tool for symptom and functional assessment of hand OA with dynamometry we prospectively accessed patients meeting the ACR criteria for hand osteoarthritis. Using this analysis, assessments of pain and function were compared in male and female patients. The outcome measures included self-reported pain measures, functional assessment and dynamometry measures. Results The study population included 106 patients (90 females and 16 males) with a mean age of males 48.44 (7.48) and females 52.67 (9.43). All patients with symptomatic hand osteoarthritis meeting ACR Criteria. When accessing difference between sexes, men were found to be significantly heavier (p = 0.003) and have greater grip and pinch strength.As part of function and pain assessments there was a significant correlation between difficulty with fine motor skills such as difficulty doing buttons, difficulty when doing jewellery, or peeling vegetables associated with pain when turning objects e.g. doorknobs, taps and faucets for men in comparison to women. Difficulty in these fine motor skills also correlated with stiffness on wakening and pain on lifting heavy objects regardless of sex. A Mann-Whitney U test was run on 106 participants to determine if there were differences in pain or functional scores between males and females. This reviled Median score for males () and females () was statistically significantly different,There were sex differences noted in the correlation associated with pain with rotational movements e.g. turning objects and functional difficulty with fine motor movements including difficulty when doing up buttons ( Males r(14) = -0.109, p = 0.698, Females r(88) =0.489, p = <0.01 value.= ), difficulty when doing jewellery ( Males r(14) =-0.265, p = 0.339.= Females r(88) = 0.570, p = <0.01) , difficulty peeling vegetables ( Males r(14) = -0.207, p = 0.458 Females r(88) = 0.519, <0.01 ) Conclusion The results demonstrate the presence of sex differences in patients suffering from hand osteoarthritis self-reported functional ability and pain scales. These differences indicate the need for further studies to explore the mechanisms of hand OA and to understanding the specific impact of gender on the development and progression of disease. With further understanding we can obtain the proper strategy to provide better individualised treatment. It also highlights that rehabilitation programs should consider these differences and each patients’ performance limitations in order to address the specific needs of each individual patient. In doing so, improved pain and functional status will improve morbidity in hand OA Disclosure B. Dinneen: None. D. Heath: None. M. Ghaffar: None. M. O'Sullivan: None. C. Silke: None. B. Whelan: None.

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