scholarly journals Lower-limb kinematics and kinetics during continuously varying human locomotion

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Reznick ◽  
Kyle R. Embry ◽  
Ross Neuman ◽  
Edgar Bolívar-Nieto ◽  
Nicholas P. Fey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Human Locomotion ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Constant Acceleration ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

AbstractHuman locomotion involves continuously variable activities including walking, running, and stair climbing over a range of speeds and inclinations as well as sit-stand, walk-run, and walk-stairs transitions. Understanding the kinematics and kinetics of the lower limbs during continuously varying locomotion is fundamental to developing robotic prostheses and exoskeletons that assist in community ambulation. However, available datasets on human locomotion neglect transitions between activities and/or continuous variations in speed and inclination during these activities. This data paper reports a new dataset that includes the lower-limb kinematics and kinetics of ten able-bodied participants walking at multiple inclines (±0°; 5° and 10°) and speeds (0.8 m/s; 1 m/s; 1.2 m/s), running at multiple speeds (1.8 m/s; 2 m/s; 2.2 m/s and 2.4 m/s), walking and running with constant acceleration (±0.2; 0.5), and stair ascent/descent with multiple stair inclines (20°; 25°; 30° and 35°). This dataset also includes sit-stand transitions, walk-run transitions, and walk-stairs transitions. Data were recorded by a Vicon motion capture system and, for applicable tasks, a Bertec instrumented treadmill.

Analysis of the Relationships between Balance Ability and Walking in Terms of Muscle Activities and Lower Limb Kinematics and Kinetics

Biomechanics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-201
Author(s):  
Pathmanathan Cinthuja ◽  
Graham Arnold ◽  
Rami J. Abboud ◽  
Weijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Balance Ability ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

There is a lack of evidence about the ways in which balance ability influences the kinematic and kinetic parameters and muscle activities during gait among healthy individuals. The hypothesis is that balance ability would be associated with the lower limb kinematics, kinetics and muscle activities during gait. Twenty-nine healthy volunteers (Age 32.8 ± 9.1; 18 males and 11 females) performed a Star Excursion Balance test to measure their dynamic balance and walked for at least three trials in order to obtain a good quality of data. A Vicon® 3D motion capture system and AMTI® force plates were used for the collection of the movement data. The selected muscle activities were recorded using Delsys® Electromyography (EMG). The EMG activities were compared using the maximum values and root mean squared (RMS) values within the participants. The joint angle, moment, force and power were calculated using a Vicon Plug-in-Gait model. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed using SPSS version 23. In the muscle activities, positive linear correlations were found between the walking and balance test in all muscles, e.g., in the multifidus (RMS) (r = 0.800 p < 0.0001), vastus lateralis (RMS) (r = 0.639, p < 0.0001) and tibialis anterior (RMS) (r = 0.539, p < 0.0001). The regression analysis models showed that there was a strong association between balance ability (i.e., reaching distance) and the lower limb muscle activities (i.e., vastus medialis–RMS) (R = 0.885, p < 0.0001), and also between balance ability (i.e., reaching distance) and the lower limb kinematics and kinetics during gait (R = 0.906, p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the results showed that vastus medialis (RMS) muscle activity mainly contributes to balance ability, and that balance ability influences the lower limb kinetics and kinematics during gait.

scholarly journals Lower limb kinematics of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty individuals during stair ascent

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumit Singh Kakar ◽  
Yang-Chieh Fu ◽  
Tracy L. Kinsey ◽  
Cathleen N. Brown ◽  
Ormonde M. Mahoney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Unicompartmental Knee ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics

Local Anesthesia of the Sole of the Foot Alters Lower Limb Kinematics and Kinetics During Running

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S236
Author(s):  
Martin P. Schwellnus ◽  
Liane Azevedo ◽  
Rob Rayner ◽  
Regan Arendse ◽  
Timothy Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics ◽  
Sole Of The Foot

scholarly journals Kinematic differences between professionals and young players in the tennis serve

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (83) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Christos Mourtzios ◽  
Ioannis Athanailidis ◽  
Eleftherios Kellis ◽  
Vasileia Arvanitidou
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tennis Serve ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics

The aim of the present study was to measure and examine the differences in lower limb kinematics between the flat, slice and topspin serves, in the kinematic features of the lower limbs, at two different times of the service movement, maximum knee bending and point of contact of the racket with the ball, in 12 young tennis athletes, aged 12-16 years and in 12 professional players that they were playing on the main draw of Roland Garros. The results showed no significant differences in time between the three types of service in young athletes. Comparing the time of young athletes 34.56ms with the time of high level athletes with 30.67ms, the results showed that the professionals performed the service faster than the young athletes having a significant difference.

scholarly journals Stable Coordination Variability in Overground Walking and Running at Preferred and Fixed Speeds

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hannah E. Wyatt ◽  
Gillian Weir ◽  
Carl Jewell ◽  
Richard E.A. van Emmerik ◽  
Joseph Hamill
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Locomotion ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Vector Coding ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics ◽  
Insufficient Number

Coordination variability (CV) is commonly analyzed to understand dynamical qualities of human locomotion. The purpose of this study was to develop guidelines for the number of trials required to inform the calculation of a stable mean lower limb CV during overground locomotion. Three-dimensional lower limb kinematics were captured for 10 recreational runners performing 20 trials each of preferred and fixed speed walking and running. Stance phase CV was calculated for 9 segment and joint couplings using a modified vector coding technique. The number of trials required to achieve a CV mean within 10% of 20 strides average was determined for each coupling and individual. The statistical outputs of mode (walking vs running) and speed (preferred vs fixed) were compared when informed by differing numbers of trials. A minimum of 11 trials were required for stable mean stance phase CV. With fewer than 11 trials, CV was underestimated and led to an oversight of significant differences between mode and speed. Future overground locomotion CV research in healthy populations using a vector coding approach should use 11 trials as a standard minimum. Researchers should be aware of the notable consequences of an insufficient number of trials for overall study findings.

Timing-Specific Transfer of Adapted Muscle Activity After Walking in an Elastic Force Field

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 568-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreanne Blanchette ◽  
Laurent J. Bouyer
Keyword(s):  
Force Field ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Human Locomotion ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics

Human locomotion results from interactions between feedforward (central commands from voluntary and automatic drive) and feedback (peripheral commands from sensory inputs) mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that locomotion can be adapted when an external force is applied to the lower limb. To better understand the neural control of this adaptation, the present study investigated gait modifications resulting from exposure to a position-dependent force field. Ten subjects walked on a treadmill before, during, and after exposure to a force field generated by elastic tubing that pulled the foot forward and up during swing. Lower limb kinematics and electromyographic (EMG) activity were recorded during each walking period. During force field exposure, peak foot velocity was initially increased by 38%. As subjects adapted, peak foot velocity gradually returned to baseline in ≤125 strides. In the adapted state, hamstring EMG activity started earlier (16% before toe off) and remained elevated throughout swing. After force field exposure, foot velocity was initially reduced by 22% and returned to baseline in 9–51 strides. Aftereffects in hamstring EMGs consisted of increased activity around toe off. Contrary to the adapted state, this increase was not maintained during the rest of swing. Together, these results suggest that while the neural control of human locomotion can adapt to force field exposure, the mechanisms underlying this adaptation may vary according to the timing in the gait cycle. Adapted hamstring EMG activity may rely more on feedforward mechanisms around toe off and more on feedback mechanisms during the rest of swing.

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