WISP-1 drives bone formation at the expense of fat formation in human perivascular stem cells

The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of dental-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (d-hMSCs) in response to differently surface-treated implants and to evaluate the effect of d-hMSCs on local osteogenesis around an implant in vivo. d-hMSCs derived from alveolar bone were established and cultured on machined, sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA)-treated titanium discs with and without osteogenic induction medium. Their morphological and osteogenic potential was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) via mixing of 5 × 106 of d-hMSCs with 1 mL of Metrigel and 20 μL of gel-cell mixture, which was dispensed into the defect followed by the placement of customized mini-implants (machined, SLA-treated implants) in New Zealand white rabbits. Following healing periods of 2 weeks and 12 weeks, the obtained samples in each group were analyzed radiographically, histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically. The quantitative change in osteogenic differentiation of d-hMSCs was identified according to the type of surface treatment. Radiographic analysis revealed that an increase in new bone formation was statistically significant in the d-hMSCs group. Histomorphometric analysis was in accordance with radiographic analysis, showing the significantly increased new bone formation in the d-hMSCs group regardless of time of sacrifice. Human nuclei A was identified near the area where d-hMSCs were implanted but the level of expression was found to be decreased as time passed. Within the limitations of the present study, in this animal model, the transplantation of d-hMSCs enhanced the new bone formation around an implant and the survival and function of the stem cells was experimentally proven up to 12 weeks post-sacrifice.

Download Full-text

A novel gelatin/chitooligosaccharide/demineralized bone matrix composite scaffold and periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue engineering

Biomaterials Research ◽

10.1186/s40824-021-00220-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Thakoon Thitiset ◽

Siriporn Damrongsakkul ◽

Supansa Yodmuang ◽

Wilairat Leeanansaksiri ◽

Jirun Apinun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Tissue Engineering ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽

Bone Matrix ◽

Alp Activity

Abstract Background A novel biodegradable scaffold including gelatin (G), chitooligosaccharide (COS), and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) could play a significant part in bone tissue engineering. The present study aimed to investigate the biological characteristics of composite scaffolds in combination of G, COS, and DBM for in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal bioassays. Methods Three-dimensional scaffolds from the mixture of G, COS, and DBM were fabricated into 3 groups, namely, G, GC, and GCD using a lyophilization technique. The scaffolds were cultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for 4 weeks to determine biological responses such as cell attachment and cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, cell morphology, and cell surface elemental composition. For the in vivo bioassay, G, GC, and GCD, acellular scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in 8-week-old male Wistar rats for 4 weeks and 8 weeks. The explants were assessed for new bone formation using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and von Kossa staining. Results The MSCs could attach and proliferate on all three groups of scaffolds. Interestingly, the ALP activity of MSCs reached the greatest value on day 7 after cultured on the scaffolds, whereas the calcium assay displayed the highest level of calcium in MSCs on day 28. Furthermore, weight percentages of calcium and phosphorus on the surface of MSCs after cultivation on the GCD scaffolds increased when compared to those on other scaffolds. The scanning electron microscopy images showed that MSCs attached and proliferated on the scaffold surface thoroughly over the cultivation time. Mineral crystal aggregation was evident in GC and greatly in GCD scaffolds. H&E staining illustrated that G, GC, and GCD scaffolds displayed osteoid after 4 weeks of implantation and von Kossa staining confirmed the mineralization at 8 weeks in G, GC, and GCD scaffolds. Conclusion The MSCs cultured in GCD scaffolds revealed greater osteogenic differentiation than those cultured in G and GC scaffolds. Additionally, the G, GC, and GCD scaffolds could promote in vivo ectopic bone formation in rat model. The GCD scaffolds exhibited maximum osteoinductive capability compared with others and may be potentially used for bone regeneration.

Download Full-text

Adipose-derived stem cells transfected with pEGFP-OSX enhance bone formation during distraction osteogenesis

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B ◽

10.1631/jzus.b1300203 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 482-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Qing-guo Lai ◽

Shao-long Sun ◽

Xiao-hong Zhou ◽

Chen-ping Zhang ◽

Kui-feng Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Distraction Osteogenesis ◽

Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽

Enhance Bone Formation

Download Full-text

Dissociation of bone resorption and bone formation in adult mice transplanted with OC/OC hematopoietic stem cells

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2010.04.313 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. S139

Author(s):

C. Flores ◽

C.S. Thudium ◽

G. Langenbach ◽

M. Brüel ◽

N.A. Sims ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Resorption ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Adult Mice

Download Full-text

Human Perivascular Stem Cells Show Enhanced Osteogenesis and Vasculogenesis with Nel-Like Molecule I Protein

Tissue Engineering Part A ◽

10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0367 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (11-12) ◽

pp. 1386-1397 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Asal Askarinam ◽

Aaron W. James ◽

Janette N. Zara ◽

Raghav Goyal ◽

Mirko Corselli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Perivascular Stem Cells

Download Full-text

Different Angiogenic Potentials of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Umbilical Artery, Umbilical Vein, and Wharton’s Jelly

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2017/3175748 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Lu Xu ◽

Jianjun Zhou ◽

Jingyu Liu ◽

Yong Liu ◽

Lei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Umbilical Vein ◽

Wharton’S Jelly ◽

Tube Length ◽

Branch Points ◽

Differentiation Potential ◽

Wharton's Jelly ◽

Allogeneic Cell Therapy ◽

Perivascular Stem Cells

Human mesenchymal stem cells derived from the umbilical cord (UC) are a favorable source for allogeneic cell therapy. Here, we successfully isolated the stem cells derived from three different compartments of the human UC, including perivascular stem cells derived from umbilical arteries (UCA-PSCs), perivascular stem cells derived from umbilical vein (UCV-PSCs), and mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton’s jelly (WJ-MSCs). These cells had the similar phenotype and differentiation potential toward adipocytes, osteoblasts, and neuron-like cells. However, UCA-PSCs and UCV-PSCs had more CD146+ cells than WJ-MSCs (P<0.05). Tube formation assay in vitro showed the largest number of tube-like structures and branch points in UCA-PSCs among the three stem cells. Additionally, the total tube length in UCA-PSCs and UCV-PSCs was significantly longer than in WJ-MSCs (P<0.01). Microarray, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis showed that UCA-PSCs had the highest expression of the Notch ligand Jagged1 (JAG1), which is crucial for blood vessel maturation. Knockdown of Jagged1 significantly impaired the angiogenesis in UCA-PSCs. In summary, UCA-PSCs are promising cell populations for clinical use in ischemic diseases.

Download Full-text

Regeneration in Experimental Alveolar Bone Defect Using Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cell Transplantation ◽

10.1177/0963689720975391 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 096368972097539

Author(s):

Akiko Toyota ◽

Rei Shinagawa ◽

Mikiko Mano ◽

Kazuyuki Tokioka ◽

Naoto Suda

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Human Umbilical Cord ◽

Bone Surface ◽

Bone Bridge ◽

Bridge Formation ◽

Alveolar Cleft ◽

Umbilical Cords

Cleft lip and palate is a congenital disorder including cleft lip, and/or cleft palate, and/or alveolar cleft, with high incidence.The alveolar cleft causes morphological and functional abnormalities. To obtain bone bridge formation and continuous structure between alveolar clefts, surgical interventions are performed from infancy to childhood. However, desirable bone bridge formation is not obtained in many cases. Regenerative medicine using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is expected to be a useful strategy to obtain sufficient bone bridge formation between alveolar clefts. In this study, we examined the effect of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs by transplantation into a rat experimental alveolar cleft model. Human umbilical cords were digested enzymatically and the isolated cells were collected (UC-EZ cells). Next, CD146-positive cells were enriched from UC-EZ cells by magnetic-activated cell sorting (UC-MACS cells). UC-EZ and UC-MACS cells showed MSC gene/protein expression, in vitro. Both cells had multipotency and could differentiate to osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages under the differentiation-inducing media. However, UC-EZ cells lacked Sox2 expression and showed the lower ratio of MSCs than UC-MACS cells. Thus, UC-MACS cells were transplanted with hydroxyapatite and collagen (HA + Col) into alveolar cleft model to evaluate bone formation in vivo. The results of micro computed tomography and histological staining showed that UC-MACS cells with HA + Col induced more abundant bone formation between the experimental alveolar clefts than HA + Col implantation only. Cells immunopositive for osteopontin were accumulated along the bone surface and some of them were embedded in the bone. Cells immunopositive for human-specific mitochondria were aligned along the newly formed bone surface and in the new bone, suggesting that UC-MACS cells contributed to the bone bridge formation between alveolar clefts. These findings indicate that human umbilical cords are reliable bioresource and UC-MACS cells are useful for the alveolar cleft regeneration.

Download Full-text