Group B Streptococcus colonization rate and serotype distribution among pregnant women and their newborns at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia

Introduction: During the last few decades, group B Streptococcus (GBS) has emerged as an important pathogen. The major reservoirs for GBS are the vagina and the peri-anal regions/rectum, and the colonization of these regions is a risk factor for subsequent infection in pregnant women and newborns. Methodology: A prospective study was performed to determine the prevalence of GBS colonization in the vagina and rectum of pregnant women and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates. We also aimed to identify risk factors associated with GBS colonization. The vaginal and rectal swabs were inoculated in Todd-Hewitt broth and later subcultured on blood agar for isolation of GBS. Results: A total of 300 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. GBS strains were isolated from seven out of 300 patients, corresponding to a colonization rate of 2.3%. Of the seven patients carrying GBS, isolates were cultured only from vaginal swabs in two cases (28.6%), only from rectal swabs in two cases (28.6%) from both vaginal and rectal swabs in three cases (42.9%). Heavy colonization was present only in 42.9% (3/7) of antenatal women. None of the seven isolates were resistant to penicillin or clindamycin, while one isolate (14.3%) was resistant to erythromycin and five isolates (71.4%) were resistant to tetracycline. Multigravid women and those with previous spontaneous abortion were more frequently colonized by GBS. Conclusion: The GBS colonization rate in our study was low. No resistance to penicillin or clindamycin was seen, while the majority of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline.

Download Full-text

Group B Streptococcus Carriers Among HIV-1-Infected Pregnant Women According to Gestational Age and Regional Site of Colonization: Rate of Recovery From Various Sites

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes ◽

10.1097/01.qai.0000246033.48017.88 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 247 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patr??cia El Beitune ◽

Geraldo Duarte ◽

Cl??udia Maria Leite Maffei

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Colonization Rate ◽

Rate Of Recovery ◽

Group B ◽

Hiv 1

Download Full-text

Investigation of serotype distribution and resistance genes profile in group B Streptococcus isolated from pregnant women: a Chinese multicenter cohort study

Apmis ◽

10.1111/apm.12570 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 124 (9) ◽

pp. 794-799 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Yuzhong Yan ◽

Hua Hu ◽

Tingyan Lu ◽

Huiqing Fan ◽

Yan Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Serotype Distribution ◽

Multicenter Cohort Study ◽

Multicenter Cohort ◽

Group B

Download Full-text

Group B streptococcus colonization, antibiotic susceptibility, and serotype distribution among Saudi pregnant women

Infection and Chemotherapy ◽

10.3947/ic.2020.52.1.70 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Amr Mohamed Mohamed ◽

Mubashir Ahmad Khan ◽

Aftab Faiz ◽

Jawwad Ahmad ◽

Elsheikh Babiker Khidir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Serotype Distribution ◽

Group B

Download Full-text

Serotype distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of group B streptococci in pregnant women

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268809991105 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 138 (7) ◽

pp. 979-981 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. DHANOA ◽

R. KARUNAKARAN ◽

S. D. PUTHUCHEARY

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Prevention Strategies ◽

Serotype Distribution ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Birth Canal ◽

Group B

SUMMARYGroup B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis and is usually acquired via the woman's birth canal. GBS serotypes isolated from 200 pregnant women were determined. Serotypes V (19%) and VI (17%) were the most frequent followed by serotypes III (12%), Ia (11·5%) and IV (10%); 17% of the strains were non-typable. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, 96% to erythromycin and 97·5% to clindamycin. The emergence of new GBS serotypes has important implications for vaccine prevention strategies.

Download Full-text

Developing a serocorrelate of protection against invasive group B streptococcus disease in pregnant women: a feasibility study

Health Technology Assessment ◽

10.3310/hta23670 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (67) ◽

pp. 1-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Clara Carreras-Abad ◽

Madeleine Cochet ◽

Tom Hall ◽

Laxmee Ramkhelawon ◽

Asma Khalil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Serotype Distribution ◽

Invasive Group ◽

Streptococcal Disease ◽

Group B Streptococcal Disease ◽

Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽

Group B ◽

Operational Aspects

Background Group B streptococcus is the leading cause of infection in infants. Currently, intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis is the major strategy to prevent invasive group B streptococcus disease. However, intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis does not prevent maternal sepsis, premature births, stillbirths or late-onset disease. Maternal vaccination may offer an alternative strategy. Multivalent polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccine development is under way and a serocorrelate of protection is needed to expedite vaccine licensure. Objectives The ultimate aim of this work is to determine the correlate of protection against the major group B streptococcus disease-causing serotypes in infants in the UK. The aim of this feasibility study is to test key operational aspects of the study design. Design Prospective cohort study of pregnant women and their infants in a 6-month period (1 July to 31 December 2018). Setting Five secondary and tertiary hospitals from London and South England. National iGBS disease surveillance was conducted in all trusts in England and Wales. Participants Pregnant women aged ≥ 18 years who were delivering at one of the selected hospitals and who provided consent during the study period. There were no exclusion criteria. Interventions No interventions were performed. Main outcome measures (1) To test the feasibility of collecting serum at delivery from a large cohort of pregnant women. (2) To test the key operational aspects for a proposed large serocorrelates study. (3) To test the feasibility of collecting samples from those with invasive group B streptococcus. Results A total of 1823 women were recruited during the study period. Overall, 85% of serum samples were collected at three sites collecting only cord blood. At the two sites collecting maternal, cord and infant blood samples, the collection rate was 60%. A total of 614 women were screened for group B streptococcus with a colonisation rate of 22% (serotype distribution: 30% III, 25% Ia, 16% II, 14% Ib, 14% V and 1% IV). A blood sample was collected from 34 infants who were born to colonised women. Maternal and infant blood and the bacterial isolates for 15 newborns who developed invasive group B streptococcal disease during the study period were collected (serotype distribution: 29% III, 29% II, 21% Ia, 7% Ib, 7% IV and 7% V). Limitations Recruitment and sample collection were dependent on the presence of research midwives rather than the whole clinical team. In addition, individualised consent limited the number of women who could be approached each day, and site set-up for the national surveillance study and the limited time period of this feasibility study limited recruitment of all eligible participants. Conclusions We have verified the feasibility of collecting and processing rectovaginal swabs and blood samples in pregnant women, as well as samples from those with invasive group B streptococcal disease. We have made recommendations for the recruitment of cases within the proposed GBS3 study and for controls both within GBS3 and as an extension of this feasibility study. Future work A large case–control study comparing specific immunoglobulin G levels in mothers whose infants develop invasive group B streptococcal disease with those in colonised mothers whose infants do not develop invasive group B streptococcal disease is recommended. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN49326091; IRAS project identification number 246149/REC reference number 18/WM/0147. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 23, No. 67. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

Download Full-text

Group B Streptococcus among Pregnant Women and Newborns in Mirzapur, Bangladesh: Colonization, Vertical Transmission, and Serotype Distribution

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.00380-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 55 (8) ◽

pp. 2406-2412 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Samir K. Saha ◽

Zabed B. Ahmed ◽

Joyanta K. Modak ◽

Hakka Naziat ◽

Shampa Saha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Vertical Transmission ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

Nasal Swabs ◽

Group B ◽

Level Hospital

ABSTRACTGroup B streptococcus (GBS) infection is a leading cause of death among newborns in developed countries. Data on the burden of GBS in Asian countries are lacking. This study aimed to understand (i) the rate of maternal rectovaginal GBS carriage, (ii) the rate of vertical transmission of GBS, as determined by culturing ear, umbilicus, and nasal swabs, and (iii) the distribution of GBS serotypes. This prospective observational study was conducted between September 2012 and November 2013 at Kumudini Women's Medical College Hospital, a secondary-level hospital in Mirzapur, Bangladesh. The study enrolled pregnant women who visited the outpatient clinic for antenatal care (ANC) and/or delivered a child in the inpatient department of Kumudini Women's Medical College Hospital and the babies born to those mothers. Among 1,151 enrolled pregnant women, 172 (15% [95% confidence interval [CI], 13 to 17%]) carried GBS; among 68 babies born to mothers with carriage, 26 (38% [95% CI, 27 to 51%]) had GBS on their body surfaces, indicating vertical transmission. Typing of the isolates (n= 172) identified all 10 GBS serotypes, most commonly types Ia (40% [69/172 isolates]), V (23% [40/172 isolates]), II (14% [24/172 isolates]), and III (12% [20/172 isolates]). This study shows that Bangladesh has all of the ingredients for invasive GBS disease, including colonization of mothers by invasive serotypes and vertical transmission to babies.

Download Full-text

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Serotype Distribution of Group B Streptococcus Colonization in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women Living in Belgium: A Prospective Cohort Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofy320 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicolas Dauby ◽

Catherine Adler ◽

Veronique Y Miendje Deyi ◽

Rosalie Sacheli ◽

Laurent Busson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Late Onset ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Neonatal Infection ◽

Colonization Rate ◽

Vaccine Serotypes ◽

Related Data ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group B

Abstract Background Group B streptococcus (GBS) infection is a leading cause of severe neonatal infection. Maternal GBS carriage during pregnancy is the main risk factor for both early-onset and late-onset GBS disease. High incidence of GBS infection has been reported in HIV-exposed but -uninfected infants (HEU). We aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors for GBS colonization in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women living in Belgium. Methods Between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, HIV-infected (n = 125) and -uninfected (n = 120) pregnant women had recto-vaginal swabs at 35–37 weeks of gestation and at delivery for GBS detection. Demographic, obstetrical, and HIV infection–related data were prospectively collected. GBS capsular serotyping was performed on a limited number of samples (33 from HIV-infected and 16 from HIV-uninfected pregnant women). Results There was no significant difference in the GBS colonization rate between HIV-infected and -uninfected pregnant women (29.6% vs 24.2%, respectively). HIV-infected women were more frequently colonized by serotype III (36.4% vs 12.5%), and the majority of serotype III strains belonged to the hypervirulent clone ST-17. Exclusively trivalent vaccine serotypes (Ia, Ib, and III) were found in 57.6% and 75% of HIV-infected and -uninfected women, respectively, whereas the hexavalent vaccine serotypes (Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V) were found in 97% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions HIV-infected and -uninfected pregnant women living in Belgium have a similar GBS colonization rate. A trend to a higher colonization rate with serotype III was found in HIV-infected women, and those serotype III strains belong predominantly to the hypervirulent clone ST17.

Download Full-text