scholarly journals Panoramic ultrasound vs. MRI for the assessment of hamstrings cross-sectional area and volume in a large athletic cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martino V. Franchi ◽  
Daniel P. Fitze ◽  
Jonas Hanimann ◽  
Fabio Sarto ◽  
Jörg Spörri
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Area And Volume

Corticosteroid-induced magnetic resonance imaging changes in patients with recurrent malignant glioma.

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1886-1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Watling ◽  
D H Lee ◽  
D R Macdonald ◽  
J G Cairncross
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Recurrent Malignant Glioma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Investigational Treatment ◽  
Area And Volume

PURPOSE We studied corticosteroid-induced magnetic resonance (MR) scan changes in patients with recurrent malignant glioma to determine if corticosteroid therapy started concurrently with investigational treatment might yield false-positive responses. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ten symptomatic patients not on corticosteroids when malignant glioma recurred had a baseline MR scan performed before corticosteroid treatment, followed by serial scans at weekly intervals for 1 month while on dexamethasone (16 mg/d). The maximum cross-sectional areas and volumes of the gadolinium-enhancing regions (tumor) and T2-weighted abnormalities (tumor plus edema) were compared quantitatively and qualitatively for each series of scans. RESULTS Nine of 10 patients (90%) had a measurable reduction in the size of the gadolinium-enhancing region or T2-weighted abnormality with corticosteroid treatment. The maximum cross-sectional area and volume of the gadolinium-enhancing region decreased by at least 25% in three of 10 patients (30%). The maximum cross-sectional area and volume of the T2-weighted abnormality decreased by at least 25% in five of 10 patients (50%). Maximum measurable radiologic improvement was evident within 2 weeks in most patients. MR scans were judged improved by the reporting neuroradiologist in seven of 10 (70%). These subjective visual improvements were also evident within 2 weeks, but generally described as slight or modest. CONCLUSION Corticosteroid-induced MR scan reductions in tumor size may confound the assessment of response of recurrent malignant gliomas to investigational agents. For patients who start corticosteroids for symptom control, investigational treatment should be delayed until a new baseline MR image is established 2 weeks later. Response is then judged by comparing subsequent MR scans with the new corticosteroid-influenced baseline image.

Cross-sectional area and volume compliance of porcine left coronary arteries

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (2) ◽  
pp. H623-H628 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Kassab ◽  
S. Molloi
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pig Coronary Arteries ◽  
Cyclic Changes ◽  
Area And Volume

We have determined the cross-sectional area (CSA) compliance of the first several generations of pig coronary arteries and the volume compliance of the coronary arterial tree (vessels >0.5 mm in diameter) using a videodensitometric technique. The coronary arteries of four KCl-arrested maximally vasodilated pig hearts were perfused with iodine and 3% Cab-O-Sil. Because Cab-O-Sil occludes small arteries, the flow can be stopped and the pressure can be maintained while the trunk of the coronary artery and its subbranches are imaged using digital angiography. The coronary arteries were preconditioned several times with cyclic changes in pressure from 0 to 160 mmHg. The pressure was then varied in a triangular pattern, and the absolute CSA of each vessel and the total arterial volume were calculated using videodensitometry in conjunction with digital subtraction angiography. Our results have shown that the pressure-diameter and pressure-volume relationships are linear in the 60–140 mmHg pressure range. Furthermore, the compliance of the coronary arteries is small; i.e., the diameter of the coronary artery changes by <15% in the 80-mmHg pressure range. The compliance data couples the mechanics of the blood vessel wall to the mechanics of blood flow to yield a pressure-flow relationship for each coronary arterial segment.

scholarly journals Assessment of Maximum Cross-Sectional Area and Volume of the Canine Biceps Brachii – Brachialis Muscles

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (335) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Armands Vekšins ◽  
Oskars Kozinda
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Force ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Brachialis Muscle ◽  
Tomography Data ◽  
Area And Volume

Abstract The biceps brachii - brachialis muscles has attachment on the medial coronoid process (MCP) and proximal radius. It is considered that medial coronoid disease (MCD) can be caused by biceps brachii – brachialis muscle generated force to MCP. Computed tomography data from 31 dogs were analysed. The aim of this study was to compare biceps brachii – brachialis muscle volume and maximum cross-sectional area (mCSA) between clinically normal dogs to dogs with a MCD. Results showed that in dogs with MCD, biceps brachii - brachialis muscle volume and mCSA is smaller than in clinically normal dogs and therefore the generated muscle force cannot be considered as the main or accompanying cause of a MCD.

A comparison of human jaw muscle cross-sectional area and volume in long- and short-face subjects, using MRI

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.P.W. Boom ◽  
P.H. van Spronsen ◽  
F.C. van Ginkel ◽  
R.A. van Schijndel ◽  
J.A. Castelijns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jaw Muscle ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Area And Volume

scholarly journals Lumbar intervertebral disks: morphometric parameters and indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
V.P. Danylevych ◽  
Yu.Y. Guminskyi ◽  
O.A. Hryhorieva ◽  
S.H. Danylevych
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Height ◽  
Area And Volume

An important element of evidence-based medicine is to take into account the individual variability of the indicators of the norm of intervertebral discs, which is undoubtedly the basis for early preclinical detection of their pathology. Mathematical modeling and comprehensive assessment of the parameters of the intervertebral discs can not only predict and determine the early manifestations of pathological changes, but also help to correct them in advance. The aim of the study was to calculate and evaluate the variability of absolute, calculated and relative metric parameters of intervertebral discs in the norm with the subsequent possibility of modeling standards based on individual linear dimensions of intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine and general anthropometric characteristics (body length and weight) in young men and men of the first period of adulthood (17-28 years), both in separate age groups and in the combined group. The series of MRI scans obtained on a Phillips Achieva 1.5T scanner measured the anterior, middle and posterior vertical dimensions, maximum sagittal and frontal dimensions of the intervertebral discs L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5 segments of the spine (IVDL1-L2, IVDL2-L3, IVDL3-L4, IVDL4- L5). We calculated the average height of the intervertebral discs, cross-sectional area and volume of intervertebral discs, as well as relative indicators - the ratio of the sum of sagittal and transverse dimensions, the sum of three dimensions, cross-sectional area and volume of intervertebral discs to the average intervertebral disc height. Statistical analysis of the obtained morphometric parameters was performed in the license package “STATISTICA 6.1”. The distribution of variation series indicators, their average values and standard errors, coefficients of variation and asymmetry were evaluated. It was determined that the sums of the transverse and sagittal sizes and the sums of the three sizes increase proportionally in the caudal direction, have a distribution of indicators as close as possible to normal, and their coefficients of variation are many times smaller than for cross-sectional areas and volumes. Indicators of the ratio of the sum of the sagittal and transverse size and the sum of the three sizes to the average height of the intervertebral discs have a variability of less than 10% and correspond to the characteristics of the general population. Body weight and length have significantly higher correlation coefficients with the sums of sagittal and transverse dimensions, the sums of three dimensions and cross-sectional areas than with the partial dimensions of the intervertebral discs.

Pelvic Canal Narrowing Caused by Triple Pelvic Osteotomy in the Dog

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
M. B. Hurtig ◽  
H. R. Sukhiani
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canal Width ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

SummaryDuring a triple pelvic osteotomy, rotation of the free acetabular segment causes the pubic remnant on the acetabulum to rotate into the pelvic canal. The resulting narrowing may cause complications by impingement on the organs within the pelvic canal. Triple pelvic osteotomies were performed on ten cadaver pelves with pubic remnants equal to 0, 25, and 50% of the hemi-pubic length and angles of acetabular rotation of 20, 30, and 40 degrees. All combinations of pubic remnant lengths and angles of acetabular rotation caused a significant reduction in pelvic canal-width and cross-sectional area, when compared to the inact pelvis. Zero, 25, and 50% pubic remnants result in 15, 35, and 50% reductions in pelvic canal width respectively. Overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment should be minimized to reduce postoperative complications due to pelvic canal narrowing.When performing triple pelvic osteotomies, the length of the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment and the angle of acetabular rotation both significantly narrow the pelvic canal. To reduce post-operative complications, due to narrowing of the pelvic canal, overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the length of the pubic remnant should be minimized.

DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTION OF THE ROD’S CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA USING VIBRATION EIGENFREQUENCIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
I.M. UTYASHEV ◽  
◽  
A.A. AITBAEVA ◽  
A.A. YULMUKHAMETOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Longitudinal Vibrations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Method Error ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Elastic Fixation ◽  
Crosssectional Area

The paper presents solutions to the direct and inverse problems on longitudinal vibrations of a rod with a variable cross-sectional area. The law of variation of the cross-sectional area is modeled as an exponential function of a polynomial of degree n . The method for reconstructing this function is based on representing the fundamental system of solutions of the direct problem in the form of a Maclaurin series in the variables x and λ. Examples of solutions for various section functions and various boundary conditions are given. It is shown that to recover n unknown coefficients of a polynomial, n eigenvalues are required, and the solution is dual. An unambiguous solution was obtained only for the case of elastic fixation at one of the rod’s ends. The numerical estimation of the method error was made using input data noise. It is shown that the error in finding the variable crosssectional area is less than 1% with the error in the eigenvalues of longitudinal vibrations not exceeding 0.0001.

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