scholarly journals Chronic rhinosinusitis and premorbid autoimmune diseases: a population-based case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Chun Shih ◽  
Hua-Hsin Hsieh ◽  
Gregory J. Tsay ◽  
Ivan T. Lee ◽  
Yung-An Tsou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Evidence shows that chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is associated with prior presence of autoimmune diseases; however, large-scale population-based studies in the literature are limited. We conducted a population-based case–control study investigating the association between CRS and premorbid autoimmune diseases by using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The CRS group included adult patients newly diagnosed with CRS between 2001 and 2013. The date of diagnosis was defined as the index date. The comparison group included individuals without CRS, with 1:4 frequency matching for gender, age, and index year. Premorbid diseases were forward traced to 1996. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. The CRS group consisted of 30,611 patients, and the comparison group consisted of 122,444 individuals. Patients with CRS had a higher significant association with premorbid autoimmune diseases (adjusted OR 1.39 [1.28–1.50]). Specifically, patients with CRS had a higher significant association with ankylosing spondylitis, polymyositis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, sicca syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus (adjusted OR 1.49 [1.34–1.67], 3.47 [1.12–10.8], 1.22 [1.04–1.43], 1.60 [1.31–1.96], 2.10 [1.63–2.72], and 1.69 [1.26–2.25]). In subgroup analysis, CRS with and without nasal polyps demonstrated a significant association with premorbid autoimmune diseases (adjusted OR 1.34 [1.14–1.58] and 1.50 [1.38–1.62]). In addition, CRS with fungal and non-fungal infections also demonstrated a significant association with premorbid autoimmune diseases (adjusted OR 2.02 [1.72–2.49] and 1.39 [1.28–1.51]). In conclusion, a significant association between CRS and premorbid autoimmune diseases has been identified. These underlying mechanisms need further investigation.

scholarly journals Association of Consecutive Influenza Vaccinations and Pneumonia: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Liang-Tsai Yeh ◽  
Chi-Ho Chan ◽  
Shun-Fa Yang ◽  
Han-Wei Yeh ◽  
Ying-Tung Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Influenza Vaccinations ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether individuals receiving influenza vaccines have a lower risk of pneumonia. A nationwide population-based case-control study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. We enrolled 7565 patients each in pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups after diagnosis of patients with chronic pulmonary disease, and these patients were individually age and sex matched in a 1:1 ratio. Using conditional logistic regression analysis, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were estimated in patients who received influenza vaccination and those who had not previously had pneumonia. Moreover, we also analyzed the interval between vaccination and the onset of pneumonia and the number of vaccinations received by patients. This was compared with patients who never received influenza vaccination. Patients who had received influenza vaccination and had been vaccinated for two consecutive years (aOR = 0.85, confidence interval (CI) = 0.79–0.93 and aOR = 0.75, CI = 0.67–0.85, respectively) showed lower rates of pneumonia occurrence by 15–25%. In conclusion, influenza vaccination significantly reduces the occurrence of pneumonia, especially in individuals who receive vaccination in consecutive years.

Breastfeeding is associated with lower risk for multiple sclerosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silja Conradi ◽  
Uwe Malzahn ◽  
Friedemann Paul ◽  
Sabine Quill ◽  
Lutz Harms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Control Study

Background:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with known genetic and environmental susceptibility factors. Breastfeeding has been shown to be protective in other autoimmune diseases.Objective:This case-control study analyzed the association of breastfeeding in infancy on the risk of developing MS.Methods:A case-control study was performed in Berlin of 245 MS patients and 296 population-based controls, who completed a standardized questionnaire on their history and duration of breastfeeding in infancy and demographic characteristics. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between breastfeeding and MS. The multivariate model was adjusted for age, gender, number of older siblings, number of inhabitants in place of domicile between ages 0 and 6 (categorized in each case), and daycare attendance between ages 0 and 3.Results:In multivariable analysis, breastfeeding showed an independent association with MS (adjusted OR 0.58; p = 0.028). However, with no breastfeeding as reference, the protective effect only emerges after four months of breastfeeding (multivariable analysis for ≤ four months adjusted OR 0.87; p = 0.614 and for > four months OR 0.51; p = 0.016).Conclusion:The results of this case-control study support the hypothesis that breastfeeding is associated with a lower risk of MS. These results are in line with findings of previous studies on other autoimmune diseases, in which breastfeeding was shown to have protective effects.

Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and chronic rhinosinusitis: A population-based case-control study

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Reh ◽  
Sandra Y. Lin ◽  
Sandra L. Clipp ◽  
Laili Irani ◽  
Anthony J. Alberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Secondhand Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Dental Amalgam Fillings and Multiple Sclerosis: A Nationwide Population-Based Case–Control Study in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2637
Author(s):  
Chien-Fang Tseng ◽  
Kun-Huang Chen ◽  
Hui-Chieh Yu ◽  
Fu-Mei Huang ◽  
Yu-Chao Chang
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dental Amalgam ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Dental Amalgam Fillings ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Amalgam Fillings

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory neurological disease characterized by autoimmune-mediated demyelination of the central nervous system. Genetic and environmental factors may contribute to the development of MS. This has not been confirmed yet. Dental amalgam has long been controversial in MS due to its mercury content but the toxicological implications of mercury-containing amalgam fillings (AMF) for MS remain to be elucidated. We conducted a case–control study to investigate the association between AMF and the risk of MS from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Case (n = 612) and control (n = 612) groups were matched by sex, age, urbanization level, monthly income, and Charlson comorbidity index by propensity score matched with a 1:1 ratio from 2000 to 2013. Differences between cases and controls was not statistically significant (OR: 0.82, 95% CI = 0.65–1.05). In subjects stratified by gender, MS was also not associated with AMF for women (OR: 0.743, 95% CI = 0.552–1.000) and men (OR: 1.006, 95% CI = 0.670–1.509), respectively. In summary, this Taiwanese nationwide population-based case–control study did not find an association between MS and AMF.

scholarly journals Autoimmune diseases, infections, use of antibiotics and the risk of acute myeloid leukaemia: a national population-based case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene S. G. Østgård ◽  
Mette Nørgaard ◽  
Lars Pedersen ◽  
René D. Østgård ◽  
Bruno C. Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
National Population ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Age-related macular degeneration and premorbid allergic diseases: a population-based case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chen Shen ◽  
Ning-Yi Hsia ◽  
Wan-Hua Wu ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Te-Chun Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Control Study

AbstractEvidence indicates that age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with the prior presence of allergic diseases; however, large-scale studies in the literature are limited. A case–control study was conducted to describe the relationship between premorbid allergic diseases and AMD using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. Eligibility criteria for inclusion of new adult AMD cases from 2000 to 2013 were set up. We defined the year of diagnosis as the index year. Age-, gender-, index year- matched controls who were drawn from the same database. The case control ratio was 1:4. For all participants, all premorbid conditions staring 1996 to index year were documented. Binary logistic regression was used to describe factors related to AMD occurrence. The AMD group consisted of 10,911 patients, and the comparison group consisted of 43,644 individuals. Patients with AMD showed significant associations with premorbid allergic diseases (aOR 1.54, 95% CI 1.47–1.61), specifically with allergic conjunctivitis (aOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.94–2.20), allergic rhinitis (aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.25–1.39), asthma (aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.93–1.06), and atopic dermatitis (aOR 1.04, 95% CI 0.94–1.17). Further analyses indicated that patients with more concurrent allergic diseases have higher associations with AMD than those with fewer concurrent diseases. Patients with more annual medical visits for their allergic diseases also showed higher associations with AMD than those with fewer visits. AMD is significantly associated with premorbid allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms must be further investigated.

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