scholarly journals Genesis of the Dawadi potassium nitrate deposit in Lop Nor, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Lichun Ma ◽  
Kai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Lake ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Geological Surveys ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Deep Source ◽  
Lop Nor ◽  
Lake Type ◽  
Nitrate Deposit

AbstractNitrate deposits are rare worldwide, especially potassium nitrate deposits; furthermore, their genesis remains disputed. There is a rare salt-lake type potassium nitrate deposit in the Dawadi area of Lop Nor at the eastern margin of the Tarim Basin, and the ore bodies show coexisting solid and liquid phases. Additionally, there are large sulphate-type potash deposits in the adjoining Luobei Depression, south of the Dawadi area. To determine why there are two different types of potash deposits in adjacent depressions with similar climates, field geological surveys were conducted and samples collected. It was found that the Tertiary clastic layer at the periphery of the Dawadi deposit was rich in high-salinity brine, with nitrate contents of up to 495–16,719 mg/L, much higher than those in the Luobei Depression, 1–35 mg/L. Additionally, a type of deep hydrothermal (Ca–Cl) brine was found in the fault zones, with nitrate contents of up to 8044 mg/L, dozens of times greater than that of ordinary groundwater. Using comprehensive analysis and research, we concluded that the Dawadi and Luobei depressions belong to different hydrological systems with no connection between them; thus, the two deposits belong to different metallogenic systems. Furthermore, groundwater played an important role in the mineralization of the potassium nitrate deposit, and a deep source may have been an important source of the ore-forming materials. The fault system widely developed in Lop Nor provides favorable channels for deep hydrothermal recharge, and the groundwater and deep hydrothermal brine could provide the source for the nitrate mineralization in the Dawadi Depression through water–rock reactions.

Shallow Damage Zone Structure of the Wasatch Fault in Salt Lake City from Ambient-Noise Double Beamforming with a Temporary Linear Array

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Gkogkas ◽  
Fan-Chi Lin ◽  
Amir A. Allam ◽  
Yadong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Salt Lake City ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Lake City ◽  
Wasatch Fault

Abstract We image the shallow structure across the East Bench segment of the Wasatch fault system in Salt Lake City using ambient noise recorded by a month-long temporary linear seismic array of 32 stations. We first extract Rayleigh-wave signals between 0.4 and 1.1 s period using noise cross correlation. We then apply double beamforming to enhance coherent cross-correlation signals and at the same time measure frequency-dependent phase velocities across the array. For each location, based on available dispersion measurements, we perform an uncertainty-weighted least-squares inversion to obtain a 1D VS model from the surface to 400 m depth. We put all piece-wise continuous 1D models together to construct the final 2D VS model. The model reveals high velocities to the east of the Pleistocene Lake Bonneville shoreline reflecting thinner sediments and low velocities particularly in the top 200 m to the west corresponding to the Salt Lake basin sediments. In addition, there is an ∼400-m-wide low-velocity zone that narrows with depth adjacent to the surface trace of the East Bench fault, which we interpret as a fault-related damage zone. The damage zone is asymmetric, wider on the hanging wall (western) side and with greater velocity reduction. These results provide important constraints on normal-fault earthquake mechanics, Wasatch fault earthquake behavior, and urban seismic hazard in Salt Lake City.

scholarly journals Features of lead-zinc mineralization in the Phia Dam - Khuoi Man region

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 120-134
Author(s):  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Dong Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Huong Thi Nguyen ◽  
Huong Thi Le ◽  
Dinh Van Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Material Composition ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Epithermal Deposits ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Bedding Surface ◽  
New Research

The paper introduces a number of new research results on the characteristics of lead - zinc ores in Phia Dam - Khuoi Man areas based on the application of traditional geological methods, combining the method of researching material composition and method statistical maths. In the study area, there are two forms of ore bodies with characteristics described as below: the first form consists of ore bodies developed along the stratabound bedding surface, are mainly distributed in either anticlinal structures (i.e. Phia Dam region) or cuesta (i.e. Khuoi Man region) and the second form consists of ore bodies in lodes, filled in cracks or zones of fracture along the northwest – southeast faults. Primary ore minerals are mainly galena, sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, etc. and gangue minerals are calcite, dolomite, and quartz. Ore structures are nests, veins, disseminated veins, banded, speckled, or sometimes breccia - like ones. The relevant and controlling factors of lead-zinc mineralization in Phia Dam - Khuoi Man region are the northwest - southeast fault system and the lithostratigraphy. Ores are of either mesothermal or epithermal deposits (temperatures varies from 162 to 308 degrees Celcius), with a specific symbiotic combination of quartz - sphalerite - galena - chancopyrite.

scholarly journals Linking the distribution of microbial deposits from the Great Salt Lake (Utah, USA) to tectonic and climatic processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5511-5526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Bouton ◽  
Emmanuelle Vennin ◽  
Julien Boulle ◽  
Aurélie Pace ◽  
Raphaël Bourillot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Geomorphological Heritage

Abstract. The Great Salt Lake is a modern hypersaline lake, in which an extended modern and ancient microbial sedimentary system has developed. Detailed mapping based on aerial images and field observations can be used to identify non-random distribution patterns of microbial deposits, such as paleoshorelines associated with extensive polygons or fault-parallel alignments. Although it has been inferred that climatic changes controlling the lake level fluctuations explain the distribution of paleoshorelines and polygons, straight microbial deposit alignments may underline a normal fault system parallel to the Wasatch Front. This study is based on observations over a decimetre to kilometre spatial range, resulting in an integrated conceptual model for the controls on the distribution of the microbial deposits. The morphology, size and distribution of these deposits result mainly from environmental changes (i.e. seasonal to long-term water level fluctuations, particular geomorphological heritage, fault-induced processes, groundwater seepage) and have the potential to bring further insights into the reconstruction of paleoenvironments and paleoclimatic changes through time. New radiocarbon ages obtained on each microbial macrofabric described in this study improve the chronological framework and question the lake level variations that are commonly assumed.

scholarly journals Mapping the Lithological Features and Ore-Controlling Structures Related to Ni–Cu Mineralization in the Eastern Tian Shan, NW China from ASTER Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Shuo Zheng ◽  
Yanfei An ◽  
Pilong Shi ◽  
Tian Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Multispectral Data ◽  
Aster Data ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Dextral Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Shortwave Infrared ◽  
Tian Shan

The study of lithological features and tectonic evolution related to mineralization in the eastern Tian Shan is crucial for understanding the ore-controlling mechanism. In this paper, the lithological features and ore-controlling structure of the Huangshan Ni–Cu ore belt in the eastern Tian Shan are documented using advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) multispectral data based on spectral image processing algorithms, mineral indices and directional filter technology. Our results show that the algorithms of b2/b1, b6/b7 and b4/b8 from ASTER visible and near-infrared (VNIR)- shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands and of mafic index (MI), carbonate index (CI) and silica index (SI) from thermal infrared (TIR) bands are helpful to extract regional pyroxenite, external foliated gabbro bearing Ni–Cu ore bodies as well as the country rocks in the study area. The detailed interpretations and analyses of the geometrical feature of fault system and intrusive facies suggest that the Ni–Cu metallogenic belts are related to Carboniferous arc intrusive rocks and Permian wrench tectonics locating at the intersection of EW- and NEE-striking dextral strike-slip fault system, and the emplacement at the releasing bends in the southern margin of Kanggur Fault obviously controlled by secondary faults orthogonal or oblique to the Kanggur Fault in the post-collision extensional environment. Therefore, the ASTER data-based approach to map lithological features and ore-controlling structures related to the Ni–Cu mineralization are well performed. Moreover, a 3D geodynamic sketch map proposes that the strike-slip movement of Kanggur Fault in Huangshan-Kanggur Shear Zone (HKSZ) during early Permian controlled the migration and emplacement of three mafic/ultramafic intrusions bearing Ni–Cu derived from partial mantle melting and also favored CO2-rich fluids leaking to the participation of metallogenic processes.

scholarly journals Linking the distribution of microbial deposits from the Great Salt Lake (Utah, USA) to tectonic and climatic processes

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Bouton ◽  
Emmanuelle Vennin ◽  
Julien Boulle ◽  
Aurélie Pace ◽  
Raphaël Bourillot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Geomorphological Heritage

Abstract. The Great Salt Lake is a modern hypersaline system in which an extended modern and ancient microbial sedimentary system has developed. Detailed mapping based on aerial images and field observations can be used to identify non-random distribution patterns of microbial deposits, such as paleoshorelines associated with extensive polygons or fault-parallel alignments. Although it has been inferred that climatic changes controlling the lake level fluctuations explain the distribution of paleoshorelines and polygons, straight microbial deposit alignments may underline a normal fault system parallel to the Wasatch Front. This study is based on observations over a dm to km spatial range, resulting in an integrated conceptual model for the controls on the distribution of the microbial deposits. The morphology, size and distribution of these deposits result mainly from environmental changes (i.e. seasonal to long-term water level fluctuations, particular geomorphological heritage, fault-induced processes, groundwater seepage) and have the potential to bring further insights into the reconstruction of paleoenvironments and paleoclimatic changes through time. New radiocarbon ages obtained on each microbial macrofabrics described in this study improve the chronological framework and question the lake level variations that are commonly assumed.

scholarly journals Phase equilibria and salting out of butyric acid in the ternary system potassium nitrate + water + 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Maksim P. Smotrov ◽  
◽  
Mariya V. Godyaeva ◽  
Anna V. Hrykina ◽  
Dmitry G. Cherkasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Melting Line ◽  
Ice Melting ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Visual Polythermal Method

Visual polythermal method in the bynary system of water-2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol in the range of –25÷0° C the ice melting line is determined and the phase equilibria in the ternary system potassium nitrate–water–2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol are studied in the range of 10.0–90.0° C. The ice melting line in the water–2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol binary system is a flat, smooth line. This form of the melting line shows a hidden separation in liquid mixtures. It has been found that potassium nitrate salts out 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol from water-organic mixtures, and at 31.7° C in the ternary system of potassium nitrate–water–2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, separation begins. The compositions of the solutions corresponding to the critical solubility points at several temperatures have been determined. The isothermal phase diagrams of the ternary system at 10.0, 25.0, 30.0, 31.7, 35.0, 50.0, 90.0° С have been plotted. The distribution coefficients of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol between the liquid phases of monotectic state have been calculated. It is shown that the effect of salting-out 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol from aqueous solutions with potassium nitrate increases with increasing temperature. The concentration of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol in the organic phase of monotectics at 90.0° C is 90 wt.% with a distribution coefficient of 897.

Optimization of geological and economic-geological evaluation of Dzhamgyr mining project

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
V. V. Dzhumanbaev ◽  
◽  
K. Z. Kurmanaliev ◽  
V. A. Mansurov ◽  
E. A. Babkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Mining Project ◽  
Broken Ore ◽  
Silver Mineralization

The vein gold–quartz deposit of Dzhamgyr contains 23 identified ore bodies, which are localized and controlled in the system of interconnected faults. The fault system forms six consistent spatial positional elements. Gold–silver mineralization is observed in all of the veins. The six ore bodies proved in detail are considered as the basis for forecasting and appraisal of vein deposit mineralization. Based on the results of studying the density and shape of the exploration network, the appraisal is carried out based on the influence of the sections of the mining level on the extended contours of the reserves. The morphological structure of the ore bodies and enclosing veins as well as the separation of broken ore enable the use of efficient and low-cost mechanized stoping systems. Integration of geological exploration and actual mining enables significantly improved efficiency of appraisal and preparation of mineral resources for extraction. Optimized geological and economic-geological evaluation of a mining project allows productivity increase, cost reduction and long-term planning of mining and investments.

High precision topographic data on Lop Nor basin’s Lake “Great Ear” and the timing of its becoming a dry salt lake

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 905-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
BaoGuo Li ◽  
LiChun Ma ◽  
PingAn Jiang ◽  
ZengQiang Duan ◽  
DanFeng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Topographic Data ◽  
Lop Nor

SEM study of quartz grains from recent sediments: Western Iraq

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
F. Al-Kufaishi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Loading ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Crustal Material ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Recent Sediments ◽  
Quartz Grains ◽  
Positive Factor

Two localities (Al-Marij and Laik) were selected to investigate the type of Quartz Grains from crustal material formed by evaporation of waters discharged by springs in Hit area, western Iraq, Previous studies on the crustal material (1,2) showed that the water discharged by these springs are associated with Abu-Jir fault system which run parallel to the Euphrates river,Factor analyses of the crustal and soil materials (50 samples analysed for 16 variables)(2) showed five factors; the first factor includes SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2 with positive factor loading, and CaO, L.O.I. with negative loading and hence lead to the conclusion that the distribution of these variables is a reflection of transported clay material.This study concentrates on the use of SEM to investigate the contribution of Quartz grains found in the crustal material on two selected sites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document