scholarly journals Osteoprotegerin is a marker of cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3–5

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Lenci Marques ◽  
Shirley Hayashi ◽  
Anna Bjällmark ◽  
Matilda Larsson ◽  
Miguel Riella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Intima Media Thickness

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Osteoprotegerin (OPG), known to regulate bone mass by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activation, might also play a role in vascular calcification. Increased circulating OPG levels in patients with CKD are associated with aortic calcification and increased mortality. We assessed the predictive role of OPG for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with CKD stages 3–5 over a 5-year follow-up period. We evaluated the relationship between OPG and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in 145 CKD patients (stages 3–5) in a prospective observational follow-up study. Inflammation markers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, standard echocardiography, and estimation of intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery, were assessed at baseline, and correlations with OPG levels were determined. The cutoff values for OPG were defined using ROC curves for cardiovascular mortality. Survival was assessed during follow up lasting for up to 5.5 years using Fine and Gray model. A total of 145 (89 men; age 58.9 ± 15.0 years) were followed up. The cutoff value for OPG determined using ROC was 10 pmol/L for general causes mortality and 10.08 pmol/L for CV causes mortality. Patients with higher serum OPG levels presented with higher mortality rates compared to patients with lower levels. Aalen–Johansen cumulative incidence curve analysis demonstrated significantly worse survival rates in individuals with higher baseline OPG levels for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, OPG was a marker of general and cardiovascular mortality independent of sex, age, CVD, diabetes, and CRP levels. When CKD stages were included in the multivariate analysis, OPG was an independent marker of all-cause mortality but not cardiovascular mortality. Elevated serum OPG levels were associated with higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk, independent of age, CVD, diabetes, and inflammatory markers, in patients with CKD.

scholarly journals MO159CHA2DS2-VASC SCORE AS A PREDICTOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Vodošek Hojs ◽  
Robert Ekart ◽  
Sebastjan Bevc ◽  
Nejc Piko ◽  
Radovan Hojs
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background and Aims Cardiovascular mortality is high in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Recognizing patients with higher cardiovascular risk might help in their treatment. CHA2DS2-VASc score was originally used to predict cerebral infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it is also useful in predicting outcome in different cardiovascular conditions, independent of the presence of AF. Therefore, the aim of our research was to assess the role of CHA2DS2-VASc score in cardiovascular mortality in CKD patients. Method Eighty-seven non-dialysis CKD patients from our outpatient clinic were included. At the time of inclusion, medical history data and standard blood results were collected and CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated. Patients were followed for assigned time or until their death. Mean follow-up time was 1696.45±564.60 days. Results Descriptive statistics of our patients are presented in table 1. During follow-up 11 patients suffered from cardiovascular death. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that CHA2DS2-VASc score is a significant predictor of cardiovascular mortality (HR: 2.19, CI: 1.42-3.37, p=0.001). In multivariate Cox regression analysis in which CHA2DS2-VASc score, serum creatinine, urinary albumin/creatinine, haemoglobin, high sensitivity CRP and intact PTH were included, CHA2DS2-VASc score was an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality (HR: 2.04, CI: 1.20-3.45, p=0.008) (table 2). Conclusion CHA2DS2-VASc score is a simple and quick way to identify cardiovascular risk in CKD patients.

Pentoxifylline, progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular mortality: long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Muñoz de Morales ◽  
Marian Goicoechea ◽  
Eduardo Verde ◽  
Javier Carbayo ◽  
Diego Barbieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals Association of Glomerular Filtration Rate and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease Patients over a 4-Year Follow-Up

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azer Rizikalo ◽  
Slavica Coric ◽  
Andrija Matetic ◽  
Mirjana Vasilj ◽  
Zoran Tocilj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Stage 4

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, the association of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in non-diabetic CKD patients is under-investigated. This prospective study was conducted at University Clinical Hospital Mostar over a 4-year period and enrolled a total of 100 patients with stage 2 and 4 CKD (50 patients per group). Stage 4 CKD group had significantly higher baseline CIMT values (1.13 ± 0.25 vs. 0.74 ± 0.03 mm, P < 0.001), and more atherosclerotic plaques at the study onset (13 (26%) vs. 0 (0%), P < 0.001) compared to stage 2 CKD. A statistically significant 4-year increase in GFR (coefficient of 2.51, 3.25, 2.71 and 1.50 for 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 4-year follow-up, respectively, P < 0.05) with non-significant CIMT alterations has been observed in stage 2 CKD. Furthermore, linear mixed effects analysis revealed significant decrease in GFR (coefficient of −6.69, −5.12, −3.18 and −1.77 for 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 4-year follow-up, respectively, P < 0.001) with increase in CIMT (coefficient of 0.20, 0.14, 0.07 and 0.03 for 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 4-year follow-up, respectively, P < 0.001) in stage 4 CKD. GFR and CIMT showed significant negative correlation in both CKD groups during all follow-up phases (P < 0.001). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis revealed significant independent prediction of CIMT by baseline GFR (B = −0.85, P < 0.001), while there was no significant prediction of CIMT with other covariates. In conclusion, this study demonstrates significant association of GFR and CIMT in non-diabetic stage 2 and stage 4 CKD during the 4-year follow-up.

scholarly journals Coronary calcification as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease: a prospective long-term follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Cano-Megías ◽  
Pablo Guisado-Vasco ◽  
Hanane Bouarich ◽  
Gabriel de Arriba-de la Fuente ◽  
Patricia de Sequera-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

CHA2DS2-VASc Score as a Predictor of Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nina Vodošek Hojs ◽  
Robert Ekart ◽  
Sebastjan Bevc ◽  
Nejc Piko ◽  
Radovan Hojs
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
All Cause Mortality

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Recognition of high-risk patients is important and could lead to a different approach and better treatment. The CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score was originally used to predict cerebral infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but it is also a useful predictor of outcome in other cardiovascular conditions, independent of AF. Therefore, the aim of our research was to assess the role of CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score in predicting cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in CKD patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Stable nondialysis CKD patients were included. At the time of inclusion, medical history data and standard blood results were collected and CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score was calculated. Patients were followed till the same end date, until kidney transplantation or until their death. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Eighty-seven CKD patients were included (60.3 ± 12.8 years, 66% male). Mean follow-up time was 1,696.5 ± 564.6 days. During the follow-up, 21 patients died and 11 because of cardiovascular reasons. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score is a significant predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, in which CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score, serum creatinine, urinary albumin/creatinine, hemoglobin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and intact parathyroid hormone were included, CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score was an independent predictor of cardiovascular (HR: 2.04, CI: 1.20–3.45, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and all-cause mortality (HR: 2.06, CI: 1.43–2.97, <i>p</i> = 0.001). The same was true after adding total cholesterol, triglycerides, and smoking status to both the analyses. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score is a simple, practical, and quick way to identify the risk for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in CKD patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease by measuring carotid intima media thickness: An observational study from a tertiary care center in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Lamsaka Lyngdoh ◽  
Bodhibrata Banerjee ◽  
Sampurna Chowdhury ◽  
Rishav Mukherjee ◽  
Subhendu Bikash Naiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Atherosclerotic Burden

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a substantial cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Besides other factors, accelerated atherosclerosis plays a significant role in this. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) is an index of systemic atherosclerosis. By measuring the CIMT with the help of B mode ultrasound at common carotid artery, the overall atherosclerotic burden in CKD patients can be estimated. Accordingly patients at increased risk of premature mortality can be identified so that timely intervention can be taken. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to measure the CIMT at the level of common carotid artery by B mode ultrasound for estimation of atherosclerotic burden in patients with CKD. Materials and Methods: It is a hospital based observational cross-sectional study involving 70 patients carried out in the department of General Medicine of Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata for a period of 1 year. Patients were selected on the basis of certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were evaluated based on clinical history, disease duration, physical examination findings and certain investigation parameters such as complete hemogram, renal function tests, serum potassium, lipid profile, urinalysis, urine for albumin-creatinine ratio, ultrasonography of kidney-ureter-bladder, and CIMT value as measured by B mode ultrasound of carotid artery. The data collected were analyzed with a suitable statistical analysis software package. Range, frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and P value were calculated. P<0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The study showed a strong correlation between CIMT and BMI (r=0.533, P<0.001). CIMT for serum triglyceride levels (≥150 mg/dl) were significantly (P<0.001) high in patients (mean±SD=1.45±0.559) mg/dl in comparison with serum triglyceride levels (<150 mg/dl) (0.98 ± 0.380 mg/d). Patients with high cholesterol of ≥200 mg/dl have a higher CIMT of 1.56±0.574 with P<0.001. There is statistically significant relation of LDL with respect to mean CIMT as P<0.001 at 1% level of significance. Hence, mean CIMT is more in LDL (≥130) than in LDL (<130). CIMT for HDL levels (<40 mg/dl) were high in CKD (mean=1.53±0.518 mg/dl) patients compared to HDL levels (≥40 mg/dl) (mean=10.88±0.291). It was found that mean CIMT was higher in the later stages of kidney disease (Stage 3B, 4 and Stage 5) as compared to early stages (Stages 1, 2, and 3). We also found that the Mean CIMT (1.214±0.531 was higher in patients with CKD compared to sonographically defined normal value (<0.9 mm). Hence, CKD patients who have traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis such as higher BMI, higher serum total cholesterol level, higher serum triglyceride level, higher serum LDL level, and lower serum HDL level have a higher value of CIMT. Conclusion: B-mode ultrasound is a non-invasive sensitive tool for assessment of CIMT. Since CKD is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and subsequent increased cardiovascular mortality, this modality may help us to identify patients with atherosclerotic burden so that timely intervention can be taken to reduce future cardiovascular complications in CKD patients.

scholarly journals Histopathology of Chronic Kidney Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Multi-Center Observational Study of Kidney Biopsies

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 5696-5696
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Depei Wu ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Xianghua Huang ◽  
Xiaozhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Kidney Biopsy ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Bk Virus ◽  
Bk Virus Nephropathy

Background Renal dysfunction is a common complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (Allo-HCT) with proven negative impact on early and long-term mortality. The cumulative incidence of chronic kidney disease(CKD) after Allo- HCT varies from 13~60% in adult studies to as high as 62% in children. So far, most knowledge on chronic renal impairment in the context of Allo-HCT is based on clinical and laboratory findings. Causes of CKD are diverse, usually overlapping, and poorly understood. Kidney biopsies are performed in less than 5% patients with CKD, the pathophysiology of idiopathic CKD remains obscure. We conducted a multi-center clinicopathologic study of Allo-HCT patients with CKD to described the histopathologic spectrum of renal manifestations. Methods and Results Between 2005 and 2018, 24 recipients(17 males and 7 females) of Allo-HCT underwent kidney biopsy for either proteinuria or deterioration of kidney function at four centers. The median age was 43.8 (7.2~54.3) years, and the median time from Allo-HCT to kidney biopsy was 17.2(2.0~74.6)months. Evidence for GVHD was found in 20 (83.3%) patients. Among the 24 patients, 10 patients had a large amount of proteinuria (24-hour urine protein > 3.5 g/L), and 12 patients had elevated serum creatinine (Scr >110μmol/l). The most common pathological findings of kidney biopsy were GVHD (n=8), membranous nephropathy (MN, n=5), thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA, n=4), BK virus nephropathy (n=2), and we also found ischemic nephropathy, chronic interstitial nephritis, minimal change disease (MCD), GVHD with TMA, MN with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS), MCD with acute tubular injury, BK virus nephropathy combined with calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity in one case. The follow-up data showed 3 died of recurrent malignancy, 6 loss to follow-up , the median follow-up time was 18.3(12.3~120.2)months. Of the 18 patients, 8 (44.4%) had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 60 ml/(min1.73m2), 5 (27.8%) still had moderate proteinuria. Conclusions A wide spectrum of renal pathologic findings can be observed in Allo-HCT patients. Either severe proteinuria or elevated serum creatinine were common presentations in this unique setting, which can be due to GVHD , MN, TMA, BK virus nephropathy , MCD, FSGS, and overlapping lesions. Kidney biopsies are necessary to establish the underlying cause of CKD in Allo-HCT patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Remission of Proteinuria May Protect against Progression to Chronic Kidney Disease in Pediatric-Onset IgA Nephropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2058
Author(s):  
Jin-Soon Suh ◽  
Kyung Mi Jang ◽  
Hyesun Hyun ◽  
Myung Hyun Cho ◽  
Joo Hoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Pediatric Onset

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common primary glomerulopathies diagnosed in children and adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features in and outcomes of pediatric IgAN over the last 30 years. Patients who were diagnosed before age of 18 at 20 centers in Korea were evaluated retrospectively. Of the 1154 patients (768 males, 386 females) with a median follow-up of 5 years, 5.6% (n = 65) progressed to stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease (CKD). The 10- and 20-year CKD-free survival rates were 91.2% and 75.6%, respectively. Outcomes did not differ when comparing those in Korea who were diagnosed prior to versus after the year 2000. On multivariate analysis, combined asymptomatic hematuria and proteinuria as presenting symptoms and decreased renal function at the time of biopsy were associated with progression to CKD, while remission of proteinuria was negatively associated with this outcome. Patients who presented with gross hematuria or nephrotic syndrome tended toward positive outcomes, especially if they ultimately achieved remission. While remission of proteinuria might imply that the disease is inherently less aggressive, it also can be achieved by management. Therefore, more aggressive management might be required for pediatric-onset IgAN.

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