The role of peripheral type 2 innate lymphoid cells in bronchiolitis

AbstractOur aim was to detect type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s)-related cytokines of infants with bronchiolitis by using Elisa, Liquidchip technology and RT-PCR and investigated its correlation with bronchiolitis. We recruited 26 infants with bronchiolitis and 20 healthy infants as control from Xiangya Hospital. Compared to the control group, the serum levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5) [41.99 (21.11) vs 25.70 (19.64)], IL-9 [27.04 (37.51) vs 8.30 (0.54)], IL-13 [184.05 (132.81) vs 121.75 (176.13)], IL-33 [83.70 (46.69) vs 11.23 (55.31)] and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) [31.42 (5.41) vs 28.76 (2.56)] were significantly increased in infants with bronchiolitis (P < 0.05), while the level of IgE had no significant difference between the two groups [19.05 (14.15) vs 14.85 (20.2), P > 0.05]. The mRNA expression of IL-17RB (9.83 ± 0.35 vs 9.19 ± 0.58), TSLP (16.98 ± 2.12 vs 15.07 ± 2.25), retinoid acid receptor related orphan receptor α (7.18 ± 0.71 vs 5.46 ± 1.09) and trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor 3 (4.86 ± 0.66 vs 4.19 ± 0.90) were significantly increased in infants with bronchiolitis versus the control group (P < 0.05), while there was no statistical significance for suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (5.59 ± 0.68 vs 5.41 ± 0.87, P > 0.05). Our findings suggested that ILC2s possibly play a specific role in immunopathology of bronchiolitis.

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Interleukin-18 Promoter Gene Polymorphisms are not Associated with Myocardial Infarction in Type 2 Diabetes in Slovenia

Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics ◽

10.2478/v10034-011-0011-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 3-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S Kariž ◽

D Petrovič

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Interleukin 18 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Promoter Gene ◽

The Impact

Interleukin-18 Promoter Gene Polymorphisms are not Associated with Myocardial Infarction in Type 2 Diabetes in SloveniaType 2 diabetes is a major risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic inflammation may play a central role in both diseases. Interleukin (IL)-18 is a potent proinflammatory cytokine, which is considered important in acute coronary syndromes and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association of the -137 (G>C), polymorphism (rs187238) and the -607 (C<A) polymorphism (rs1946518) of the IL-18 gene promoter region in 495 Caucasians with type 2 diabetes, of whom 169 had MI and 326 subjects had no clinically evident coronary artery disease (controls). We also investigated the impact of these polymorphisms on the serum IL-18 level in subsets of both groups and in a normal group. Genotype distributions of the polymorphisms showed no significant difference between cases and controls. However, IL-18 serum levels were significantly lower in diabetics with the137 CC genotype than in those with other genotypes (241.5 ± 132.7 ng/Lvs.340.2 ± 167.4 ng/L; p <0.05). High sensitivity C-reactive protein and IL-18 serum levels were higher in diabetics in the MI group than in the control group. We conclude that these IL-18 promoter gene polymorphisms are not risk factors for MI in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes.

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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Its Serum Levels in Schizophrenic Patients

Folia Medica ◽

10.2478/folmed-2014-0003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 20-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yvetta A. Koeva ◽

Stefan T. Sivkov ◽

Valentin H. Akabaliev ◽

Roumiana Y. Ivanova ◽

Tania I. Deneva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Schizophrenic Patients ◽

The Difference ◽

Student’S T ◽

Serum Bdnf

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Neurotrophins have an important role in regulating the development and maintenance of the peripheral and central nervous systems’ function. Thus, the neurotrophin hypothesis of schizophrenia has postulated that the changes in the brain of schizophrenic patients are the result of disturbances of developing processes involving these molecules. AIM: We analyse in the present study the changes in the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in schizophrenic patients as possible epiphenomena of underlying alterations of the neurotrophic factor in central nervous system, reflecting its role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one schizophrenic patients satisfying the DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis of schizophrenia were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of 28 age-matched mentally healthy subjects. Serum BDNF levels were determined in patients and normal controls using ELISA (Chemicon International, USA & Canada). The data were analyzed statistically with Student’s t- test in SPSS 9.0. RESULTS: The serum BDNF levels were lower in the schizophrenic patients than in the control subjects, reaching statistically significant difference (t = 2.72, p = 0.009). Female patients had lower serum BDNF levels than the male patients but the difference fell short of statistical significance (t = 0.1, p = 0.9). CONCLUSIONS: The BDNF reduction in serum indicates a potential deficit in neurotrophic factor release in patients with schizophrenia and support the concept that BDNF might be associated with schizophrenia

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RORα-dependent type 2 innate lymphoid cells are required and sufficient for mucous metaplasia in immature mice

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.00368.2016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 312 (6) ◽

pp. L983-L993 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Charu Rajput ◽

Tracy Cui ◽

Mingyuan Han ◽

Jing Lei ◽

Joanna L. Hinde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ex Vivo ◽

Retinoic Acid Receptor ◽

Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Orphan Receptor ◽

Adult Mice ◽

Mucous Metaplasia ◽

And Function ◽

Cluster Of Differentiation

Early-life wheezing-associated respiratory tract infection by rhinovirus (RV) is considered a risk factor for asthma development. We have shown that RV infection of 6-day-old BALB/c mice, but not mature mice, induces an asthmalike phenotype that is associated with an increase in the population of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and dependent on IL-13 and IL-25. We hypothesize that ILC2s are required and sufficient for development of the asthmalike phenotype in immature mice. Mice were infected with RV1B on day 6 of life and treated with vehicle or a chemical inhibitor of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-α (RORα), SR3335 (15 mg·kg−1·day−1ip for 7 days). We also infected Rorasg/sgmice without functional ILC2s. ILC2s were identified as negative for lineage markers and positive for cluster of differentiation 25 (CD25)/IL-2Rα and CD127/IL-7Rα. Effects of SR3335 on proliferation and function of cultured ILC2s were determined. Finally, sorted ILC2s were transferred into naïve mice, and lungs were harvested 14 days later for assessment of gene expression and histology. SR3335 decreased the number of RV-induced lung lineage-negative, CD25+, CD127+ILC2s in immature mice. SR3335 also attenuated lung mRNA expression of IL-13, Muc5ac, and Gob5 as well as mucous metaplasia. We also found reduced expansion of ILC2s in RV-infected Rorasg/sgmice. SR3335 also blocked IL-25 and IL-33-induced ILC2 proliferation and IL-13 production ex vivo. Finally, adoptive transfer of ILC2s led to development of asthmalike phenotype in immature and adult mice. RORα-dependent ILC2s are required and sufficient for type 2 cytokine expression and mucous metaplasia in immature mice.

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Evaluation of plasma homocysteine level according to the C677T and A1298C polymorphism of the enzyme MTHRF in type 2 diabetic adults

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-27302012000700004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 56 (7) ◽

pp. 429-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Adriana Lima Mello ◽

Selma Freire de Carvalho da Cunha ◽

Maria Cristina Foss-Freitas ◽

Helio Vannucchi

Keyword(s):

Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Plasma Homocysteine ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Mthfr Polymorphism ◽

Significant Difference ◽

A1298c Polymorphism ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

OBJECTIVE: To determine plasma homocysteine levels during fasting and after methionine overload, and to correlate homocysteinemia according to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism in type 2 diabetic adults. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included 50 type 2 diabetic adults (DM group) and 52 healthy subjects (Control group). Anthropometric data, and information on food intake, serum levels of vitamin B12, folic acid and plasma homocysteine were obtained. The identification of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms was carried out in the MTHFR gene. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in homocysteinemia between the two groups, and hyperhomocysteinemia during fasting occurred in 40% of the diabetic patients and in 23% of the controls. For the same polymorphism, there was not any significant difference in homocysteine between the groups. In the Control group, homocysteinemia was greater in those subjects with C677T and A1298C polymorphisms. Among diabetic subjects, those with the A1298C polymorphism had lower levels of homocysteine compared with individuals with C677T polymorphism. CONCLUSION:The MTHFR polymorphism (C677T and A1298C) resulted in different outcomes regarding homocysteinemia among individuals of each group (diabetic and control). These data suggest that metabolic factors inherent to diabetes influence homocysteine metabolism.

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Bone marrow type 2 innate lymphoid cells: a local source of interleukin-5 in interleukin-33-driven eosinophilia

Immunology ◽

10.1111/imm.12842 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 153 (2) ◽

pp. 268-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Kristina Johansson ◽

Carina Malmhäll ◽

Patricia Ramos-Ramírez ◽

Madeleine Rådinger

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Local Source ◽

Interleukin 33 ◽

Interleukin 5

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Decrease in Serum Levels of Adiponectin and Increase in 8-OHdG: a Culprit for Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Current Molecular Medicine ◽

10.2174/1566524019666190819160403 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 44-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ting-Fu Huang ◽

Zhi-Pei Tang ◽

Shan Wang ◽

Ming-Wei Hu ◽

Lu Zhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Serum Levels ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cognitive Outcome ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Adiponectin and 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) are identified as important biomarkers in the pathogenesis process of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Whether adiponectin and 8-OHdG have a relation to cognitive decline in the elderly T2DM patients has been poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adiponectin and 8-OHdG in the elderly patients with T2DM and to determine the role of adiponectin and 8-OHdG in the cognitive impairment of the elderly patients with T2DM. Methods:: 57 individuals were recruited and analyzed , with 26 cases of T2DM without cognitive impairment and 31 cases of T2DM with cognitive impairment. All of them underwent an examination of diabetes scales and blood glucose at different times. A primary diagnosis of diabetes was in line with the diagnosis criteria set by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Statistical significance was defined as a P-value of less than 0.05. Results:: The variables of sex, age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, lacunar cerebral infarction, smoking and drinking in T2DM patients without cognitive impairment and with cognitive impairment showed no difference according to the univariate analysis exploring each variable separately (p>0.05). A significant difference was observed in the serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG and the scales of MMSE and MoCA (p<0.05). Therefore, it was inferred that there is no correlation between glucose metabolic value and cognitive outcome of T2DM patients. Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG could act as biomarkers of cognitive impairment degree in the elderly T2DM patients. Conclusion:: Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG could act as specific and sensitive biomarkers for the early diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment in elderly T2DM patients. Serum levels of adiponectin and 8-OHdG have a close relation to the neurological cognitive outcome of the elderly T2DM patients.

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Serum levels of TNF-a and IFN-g gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetes mellitus in kurdish patients

Cellular and Molecular Biology ◽

10.14715/cmb/2021.67.2.27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 171-177

Author(s):

Suhaila Nafee Darogha

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Genetic Polymorphisms ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Significant Difference

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease and cytokines show a vital role in the T2DM progress. The goal of this research was to assess serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and interferon-gamma (IFN-?) gene polymorphism in T2DM in Kurdish patients. Levels of serum IFN-? and TNF-? were assessed through enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay in individuals with T2DM and the control group. DNA was extracted and the amplification refractory mutational system method was utilized for genotyping the IFN-? (+874) A/T and TNF-? (-308) G/A. The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated with the ?2-test. The IFN- ? serum levels were significantly different between patients with T2DM and control individuals (P<0.05). But the C-reactive protein (CRP) and TNF-? serum levels were not significantly different between them (P>0.05). The serum level of IFN- ? (+874) AT genotype and TNF-? (- 308) GG genotypes were significantly higher in the T2DM group comparing with healthy people (P<0.05). A significant relation between T2DM and IFN-? (+874) gene polymorphism’s TT and AT genotypes was observed. Also, it was not a significant relation between TNF-? (?308) gene polymorphism’s GG and GA genotypes and T2DM. But the statistically significant difference was found in the genotype AA frequency. Genetic polymorphisms of IFN-? (+874) and TNF-? (?308) are contributed to the genetic susceptibility for T2DM development in the Kurdish population. Early screening of these two genetic polymorphisms may assist in the early control and management of T2DM.

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Tissue-Resident Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Arrest Alveolarization in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2020/8050186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Lanlan Mi ◽

Shaoxuan Zhu ◽

Jiayu Cai ◽

Suqing Xu ◽

Zhengyang Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽

Structural Disorder ◽

Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Interleukin 4 ◽

Control Group ◽

M2 Macrophages ◽

Destructive Effect

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a severe complication of the respiratory system associated with preterm birth. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a major role in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and wound healing. However, the role in BPD remains unclear. The present study showed that ILC2s, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages increased significantly in BPD mice as compared to the control mice. Administration with recombinant mouse IL-33 amplified the above phenomena and aggravated the alveolar structural disorder and functional injury in mice subjected to BPD, and the opposite was true with anti-ST2 antibody. In addition, the depletion of ILC2s in BPD mice with anti-CD90.2 antibody substantially abolished the destructive effect on BPD. In the treatment of BPD with dexamethasone, the number of ILC2s and M2 macrophages and levels of IL-4 and IL-13 decreased with remission as compared to the control group. This study identified a major destructive role of the ILC2s in BPD that could be attenuated as a therapeutic strategy.

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