scholarly journals Differential microbial assemblages associated with shikonin-producing Borage species in two distinct soil types

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliya Fazal ◽  
Minkai Yang ◽  
Zhongling Wen ◽  
Farman Ali ◽  
Ran Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Soil

AbstractShikonin and its derivatives are the main components of traditional Chinese medicine, Zicao. The pharmacological potential of shikonin and its derivatives have been extensively studied. Yet, less is known about the microbial assemblages associated with shikonin producing Borage plants. We studied microbial profiles of two Borage species, Echium plantagineum (EP) and Lithospermum erythrorhizon (LE), to identify the dynamics of microbial colonization pattern within three rhizo-compatments and two distinct soil types. Results of α and β-diversity via PacBio sequencing revealed significantly higher microbial richness and diversity in the natural soil along with a decreasing microbial gradient across rhizosphere to endosphere. Our results displayed genotype and soil type–dependent fine-tuning of microbial profiles. The host plant was found to exert effects on the physical and chemical properties of soil, resulting in reproducibly different micro-biota. Analysis of differentially abundant microbial OTUs displayed Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes to be specifically enriched in EP and LE rhizosphere while endosphere was mostly prevailed by Cyanobacteria. Network analysis to unfold co-existing microbial species displayed different types of positive and negative interactions within different communities. The data provided here will help to identify microbes associated with different rhizo-compartments of potential host plants. In the future, this might be helpful for manipulating the keystone microbes for ecosystem functioning.

scholarly journals Differential Microbial Assemblages Associated with Shikonin-producing Borage Species in Two Distinct Soil Types

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliya Fazal ◽  
Minkai Yang ◽  
Zhongling Wen ◽  
Farman Ali ◽  
Ran Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstract Shikonin and its derivatives are the main components of traditional Chinese medicine, Zicao. The pharmacological potential of shikonin and its derivatives have been extensively studied. Yet, less is known about the microbial assemblages associated with shikonin producing Borage plants. We studied microbial profiles of two Borage species, Echium plantagineum (EP) and Lithospermum erythrorhizon (LE), to identify the dynamics of microbial colonization pattern within three rhizo-compatments and two distinct soil types. Results of α and β-diversity via PacBio sequencing revealed significantly higher microbial richness and diversity in the natural soil along with a decreasing microbial gradient across rhizosphere to endosphere. Our results displayed genotype and soil type–dependent fine-tuning of microbial profiles. The host plant was found to exert effects on the physical and chemical properties of soil, resulting in reproducibly different micro-biota. Analysis of differentially abundant microbial OTUs displayed, Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes to be specifically enriched in EP and LE rhizosphere while endosphere was mostly prevailed by Cyanobacteria. Network analysis to unfold co-existing microbial species displayed different types of positive and negative interactions within different communities. The baseline data provided here will help to identify microbes associated with different rhizo-compartments of potential host plants. In the future, this might be helpful for manipulating the keystone microbes for ecosystem functioning.

scholarly journals STUDY AND ESTIMATION OF THE RATIO OF 137CS AND 40K SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES IN SANDY AND LOAM SOILS / 137CS IR 40K SAVITŲJŲ AKTYVUMŲ SANTYKIŲ TYRIMAS IR VERTINIMAS PRIESMĖLIO IR PRIEMOLIO DIRVOŽEMYJE

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Renata Mikalauskienė ◽  
Donatas Butkus ◽  
Ingrida Pliopaitė Bataitienė
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Nuclear Testing ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Plant ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The present article describes changes in specific activities and fluctuations in the ratio of natural 40K and artificial 137Cs radionuclides in soil samples taken from different places of Lithuanian territory. The samples of soil have been selected from the districts polluted after the accident in Chernobyl nuclear plant performing nuclear testing operations. The study has established the main physical and chemical properties of soil samples and their impact on the concentration of 40K activities. 137Cs/40K specific activities in soil have been observed under the dry weight of the sample that varied from 0.0034 to 0.0240. The results of the study could be used for establishing and estimating 137Csand 40K transfer in the system “soil-plant”. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjama gamtinės (40K) ir dirbtinės (137Cs) kilmės radionuklidų savitųjų aktyvumų ir jų santykio kaita skirtinguose Lietuvos teritorijos dirvožemiuose. Dirvožemio mėginiai parinkti iš vietovių, kurios buvo labiau užterštos po Černobylio atominės elektrinės avarijos ir buvusių branduolinių bandymų. Tyrimo metu nustatytos pagrindinės fizinės cheminės dirvožemio savybės ir jų poveikis 40K aktyvumų koncentracijai. 137Csir 40K savitieji aktyvumai dirvožemyje tirti esant sausam mėginio svoriui. 137Cs savitieji aktyvumai sausame dirvožemyje svyravo nuo 1,1±1,0 iki 14,3±0,9 Bq/kg, o 40K savitieji aktyvumai – nuo 326±29 iki 740±15 Bq/kg. 137Csir 40K savitųjų aktyvumų santykis skirtingų vietovių dirvožemiuose kito nuo 0,0034 iki 0,0240 Bq/kg. Tyrimo rezultatai gali būti panaudoti, nustatant ir įvertinant 137Csir 40K pernašą sistemoje dirvožemis–augalai.

scholarly journals Prospects Of Using Walnut In Technologies Of Drinks

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Inna Tiurikova ◽  
Mykhailo Peresichnyi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract The results of studies in the field of beverage functionality using walnut are presented. The main components such as celery, Jerusalem artichokes, carrots, pumpkin and rhubarb, as a dietary supplement - extracts from walnut of milk-maturity stage are offered for creating blends. The basic physical and chemical properties of fruit and vegetable raw materials and semi-finished products created on the base of them have been studied, and their nutritional and biological value has been proved. Rational technologies of fruit and vegetable blends with nut additives have been identified. Their biological value has been confirmed. Drinks are recommended for use in the daily diet of human beings to satisfy thirst and enrich the body by biologically valuable components.

scholarly journals How do campsites, forest fires, and entry point distance affect earthworm abundance in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A Wellnitz ◽  
Jenna L Barlow ◽  
Cory M Dick ◽  
Terrance R Shaurette ◽  
Brian M Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Invasive Earthworms ◽  
Earthworm Biomass ◽  
Point Distance ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Factors controlling the spread of invasive earthworms in Minnesota’s Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness are poorly known. Believed to have been introduced by anglers who use them as bait, invasive earthworms can alter the physical and chemical properties of soil and modify forest plant communities. To examine factors influencing earthworm distribution and abundance, we sampled 38 islands across five lakes to assess the effects of campsites, fire, and entry point distance on earthworm density, biomass and species richness. We hypothesized that all three parameters would be greater on islands with campsites, lower on burned islands, and would decrease with distance from the wilderness entry point. In addition to sampling earthworms, we collected soil cores to examine soil organic matter and recorded ground and vegetation cover. Campsite presence was the single most important factor affecting sampled earthworm communities; density, biomass and species richness were all higher on islands having campsites. Fire was associated with reduced earthworm density, but had no direct effects on earthworm biomass or species richness. Fire influenced earthworm biomass primarily through its negative relationship to groundcover and through an interaction with entry point distance. Distance affected density but no other factor. For islands with campsites, however, distance from the entry point had a counterintuitive effect in that earthworm biomass, which increased with entry point distance.

Dynamics of physical and chemical properties of soil after agricultural abandonment in a karst region in Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Wang ◽  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
Jiale Wang ◽  
Jianming Li ◽  
Bei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

<p>Rocky desertification induced by severe deforestation has caused the water loss and soil erosion in karst regions in southeast China, limiting local social and economic developments. To prevent further rocky desertification, the farmland which had obtained by deforestation were abandoned for recovery. As soil quality improved by agriculture abandonment should be examined, it is necessary to investigate the dynamics of physical and chemical properties of soil in different ages after abandonment. In this study, 38 investigation sites were selected for soil sampling on the slopes in Longtan trough valley in Youyang County, Chongqing Municipality, China. The dominant plant species of the investigation sites were also noted during soil sampling. The sites were divided into seven age classes according to their abandonment time. Dynamics of water content, bulk density, pH, and concentration of available potassium, available phosphorus, available nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic matters were examined. It suggests that soil quality might be deteriorated right after abandonment and then improved from around 20 years after abandonment. Deterioration of soil quality may be induced by lack of plant coverage and exposure of rock outcrops which may accelerate water loss and swelling and shrinkage cycles of soil. After the formation of plant communities and litter layer above the ground, soil quality was then apparently improved. These findings can provide a potential guideline for recovery management in karst regions in southwest of China.</p>

scholarly journals Mapping the physical and chemical properties of the planetary nebula NGC 3242

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S283) ◽  
pp. 448-449
Author(s):  
Hektor Monteiro ◽  
Denise Gonçalves ◽  
Marcelo Leal-Ferreira ◽  
Romano Corradi ◽  
Sebastian Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Electronic Density ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Integral Field Spectroscopy ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractWe present optical integral field spectroscopy analysis of the main components, with the exception of the halo, as well as of the detected small-scale structures of the planetary nebulae NGC 3242. The observations were obtained with the VIMOS instrument attached to VLT-UT3. Spatially resolved maps of the electronic density (Ne), temperatures (Te) and chemical abundances, i.e., in a pixel to pixel fashion of the small and large-scales structures of this planetary nebula are determined in this work. These diagnostic and abundance maps represent important constraints for future detailed three dimensional photoionization modeling of the nebula, as well as providing important information on biases introduced by traditional slit observations.

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