scholarly journals New candidate blood biomarkers potentially associated with white matter hyperintensities progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Jiménez-Balado ◽  
Jesús Pizarro ◽  
Iolanda Riba-Llena ◽  
Anna Penalba ◽  
Júlia Faura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Discovery Phase ◽  
Replication Phase ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

AbstractWe aimed to discover blood biomarkers associated with longitudinal changes in white matter hyperintensities (WMH). This study was divided into a discovery phase and a replication phase. Subjects in both studies were patients with hypertension, aged 50–70, who underwent two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sessions and blood extractions over a 4-year follow-up period. In the discovery phase, we screened 1305 proteins in 12 subjects with WMH progression and in 12 matched control subjects. We found that 41 proteins were differentially expressed: 13 were upregulated and 28 were downregulated. We subsequently selected three biomarkers for replication in baseline and follow-up samples in 80 subjects with WMH progression and in 80 control subjects. The selected protein candidates for the replication were MMP9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9), which was higher in cases, MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) and ASAH2 (neutral ceramidase), which were both lower in cases of WMH progression. Baseline biomarker concentrations did not predict WMH progression. In contrast, patients with WMH progression presented a steeper decline in MET over time. Furthermore, cases showed higher MMP9 and lower ASAH2 levels than controls at the follow-up. These results indicate that MMP9, MET, and ASAH2 are potentially associated with the progression of WMH, and could therefore be interesting candidates to validate in future studies.

scholarly journals White matter hyperintensities, cortisol levels, brain atrophy and continuing cognitive deficits in late-life depression

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Köhler ◽  
Alan J. Thomas ◽  
Adrian Lloyd ◽  
Robert Barber ◽  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

BackgroundCerebrovascular changes and glucocorticoid mediated hippocampal atrophy are considered relevant for depression-related cognitive deficits, forming putative treatment targets.AimsThis study examined the relative contribution of cortisol levels, brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities to the persistence of cognitive deficits in older adults with depression.MethodThirty-five people aged ⩾60 years with DSM–IV major depression and twenty-nine healthy comparison controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were followed up for 18 months. We analysed the relationship between baseline salivary cortisol levels, whole brain, frontal lobe and hippocampal volumes, severity of white matter hyperintensities and follow-up cognitive function in both groups by testing the interaction between the groups and these biological measures on tests of memory, executive functions and processing speed in linear regression models.ResultsGroup differences in memory and executive function follow-up scores were associated with ratings of white matter hyperintensities, especially of the deep white matter and periventricular regions. Compared with healthy controls, participants with depression scoring within the third tertile of white matter hyperintensities dropped two and three standard deviations in executive function and memory scores respectively. No biological measure related to group differences in processing speed, and there were no significant interactions between group and cortisol levels, or volumetric MRI measures.ConclusionsWhite matter hyperintensities, rather than cortisol levels or brain atrophy, are associated with continuing cognitive impairments in older adults with depression. The findings suggest that cerebrovascular disease rather than glucocorticoid-mediated brain damage are responsible for the persistence of cognitive deficits associated with depression in older age.

scholarly journals Role of white matter hyperintensities, hemoglobin and vitamin B‐12 on cognitive decline: Two‐year follow‐up data from the Tata Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TLSA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Balakrishnan ◽  
Vivek Tiwari ◽  
M.L. Abhishek ◽  
Naren P. Rao ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Vitamin B 12

scholarly journals Volume of white matter hyperintensities increases with blood pressure in patients with hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 3681-3689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Zunyu Ke ◽  
Wenbo He ◽  
Zhiyou Cai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Fazekas Scale

Objective Hypertension is a risk factor for development of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). However, the relationship between hypertension and WMHs remains obscure. We sought to clarify this relationship using clinical data from different regions of China. Methods We analyzed the data of 333 patients with WMHs in this study. All included patients underwent conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. A primary diagnosis of WMHs was made according to MRI findings. The volume burden of WMHs was investigated using the Fazekas scale, which is widely used to rate the degree of WMHs. We conducted retrospective clinical analysis of the data in this study. Results Our findings showed that WMHs in patients with hypertension were associated with diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, history of cerebral infarct, and plasma glucose and triglyceride levels. Fazekas scale scores for WMHs increased with increased blood pressure values in patients with hypertension. Conclusion This analysis indicates that hypertension is an independent contributor to the prevalence and severity of WMHs.

scholarly journals White Matter Hyperintensities Predict Cognitive Decline: A Community-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (04) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Qi ◽  
Huidong Tang ◽  
Qi Luo ◽  
Bei Ding ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cholinergic Pathways ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

ABSTRACT:Introduction: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) were commonly seen in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the elderly. Many studies found that WMHs were associated with cognitive decline and dementia. However, the association between WMHs in different brain regions and cognitive decline remains debated. Methods: We explored the association of the severity of WMHs and cognitive decline in 115 non-demented elderly (≥50 years old) sampled from the Wuliqiao Community located in urban area of Shanghai. MRI scans were done during 2009–2011 at the beginning of the study. Severity of WMHs in different brain regions was scored by Improved Scheltens Scale and Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale (CHIPS). Cognitive function was evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) every 2 to 4 years during 2009–2018. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors including age, gender, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, depression, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, brain infarcts, brain atrophy, apoE4 status, and baseline MMSE score, periventricular and subcortical WMH lesions as well as WMHs in cholinergic pathways were significantly associated with annual MMSE decline ( p < 0.05), in which the severity of periventricular WMHs predicted a faster MMSE decline (–0.187 points/year, 95% confidence interval: –0.349, –0.026, p = 0.024). Conclusions: The severity of WMHs at baseline was associated with cognitive decline in the non-demented elderly over time. Interventions on WMH lesions may offer some benefits for cognitive deterioration.

scholarly journals White matter volume changes in people who develop psychosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Walterfang ◽  
Philip K. McGuire ◽  
Alison R. Yung ◽  
Lisa J. Phillips ◽  
Dennis Velakoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
White Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Original Group ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Longitudinal Comparison ◽  
The Right

BackgroundGrey matter changes have been described in individuals who are pre- and peri-psychotic, but it is unclear if these changes are accompanied by changes in white matter structures.AimsTo determine whether changes in white matter occur prior to and with the transition to psychosis in individuals who are pre-psychotic who had previously demonstrated grey matter reductions in frontotemporal regions.MethodWe used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine regional white matter volume in 75 people with prodromal symptoms. A subset of the original group (n=21) were rescanned at 12–18 months to determine white matter volume changes. Participants were retrospectively categorised according to whether they had or had not developed psychosis at follow-up.ResultsComparison of the baseline MRI data from these two subgroups revealed that individuals who later developed psychosis had larger volumes of white matter in the frontal lobe, particularly in the left hemisphere. Longitudinal comparison of data in individuals who developed psychosis revealed a reduction in white matter volume in the region of the left fronto-occipital fasciculus. Participants who had not developed psychosis showed no reductions in white matter volume but increases in a region subjacent to the right inferior parietal lobule.DiscussionThe reduction in volume of white matter near the left fronto-occipital fasciculus may reflect a change in this tract in association with the onset of frank psychosis.

White matter hyperintensities predict dementia in poststroke patients with cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND)

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 490-490
Author(s):  
Y.K. Chen ◽  
E. Lee ◽  
J.Y. Lu ◽  
W.C.W. Chu ◽  
V.C.T. Mok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Nihss Score ◽  
One Year ◽  
Cognitive Impairment No Dementia

IntroductionLongitudinal studies of predicting dementia conversion of poststroke cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND) are limited.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and imaging predictors of dementia conversion in poststroke patients with CIND.AimTo understand dementia conversion of CIND.Methods143 patients with CIND (defined as impairment in at least one cognitive domain without meeting the criteria of dementia) at three months after stroke were recruited and followed up for one year. Dementia was diagnosed using the criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition, DSM-IV). MRI measurements including infarction, microbleeds, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and hippocampal volume were conducted. Logistic regression was performed to find the predictors of dementia at follow-up.Results16 (11.2%) out of the 143 patients developed dementia 15 months after stroke. In univariate comparisons, subjects with dementia at follow-up had older age (78.0 ± 5.3 vs.71.5 ± 8.5 years, p = 0.003) and higher NIHSS score (7.1 ± 3.5 vs.4.7 ± 3.3, p = 0.005) on admission. They also had higher frequency of old infarcts in the thalamus (31.3% vs. 11.0%, p = 0.025), larger volume of old infarcts (4.2 ± 11.2 vs. 0.7 ± 2.6 cm3, p < 0.001) and WMHs volume (33.2 ± 34.0 vs. 14.2 ± 14.1 cm3, p = 0.016). In logistic regression, age (odds ratio [OR] =1.203, 95%C.I.=1.054-1.373, p = 0.006), NIHSS score on admission (OR = 1.324, 95%C.I.=1.082-1.619, p = 0.006) and WMHs volume (OR = 1.045, 95%C.I.=1.007-1.084, p = 0.019) were significant predictors of dementia at follow-up.ConclusionsWMHs volume predicts dementia in poststroke patients with CIND, suggesting subcortical ischemic vascular disease was an important origin of poststroke delayed dementia.

scholarly journals A case of chronic progressive Lyme encephalitis as a manifestation of late Lyme neuroborreliosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Verma ◽  
Matthew Roman ◽  
Disha Shah ◽  
Marina Zaretskaya ◽  
Mohamed H. Yassin
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
White Matter Changes ◽  
Neurological Improvement ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

A 54-year-old female living in Europe presented with gait ataxia, dizziness, and bilateral hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed non-specific white matter changes. The patient’s condition gradually deteriorated over two years without diagnosis. The patient continued to decline cognitively and neurologically with worsening ataxia and upper motor neuron signs. Repeat MRI showed worsening white matter changes. Lumbar puncture, not previously done, showed positive Lyme testing. Treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone resulted in marked neurological improvement. Four years after symptom, the patient has short-term memory deficits and chronic fatigue, but is otherwise neurologically, cognitively, and functionally intact. Follow up MRI findings remain largely unchanged. Because cases of intraparenchymal or encephalopathic neuroborreliosis in America are lacking, so are treatment options. We present a rare case and discuss our experience with antibiotic treatment. This case lends evidence to define optimal treatment of this disease, imperative for hastening neurological recovery.

scholarly journals Overlapping syndrome mimicking infectious meningoencephalitis in a patient with MOG and GFAP IgG

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-qiong Ji ◽  
Chen-chen Liu ◽  
Bi-tao Bu
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Steroid Pulse ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background The presence of CNS overlapping autoimmune syndrome is not uncommon, but only one case of overlapping syndrome with coexistence of MOG-IgG and GFAP-IgG had been reported. This is the first reported case of these double antibodies positive presenting as clinical meningoencephalitis. Case presentation: A 23-year-old woman presented with transient convulsions,loss of consciousness, persistent fever, headache and vomiting. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed elevated cellularity, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement. She remained fever and headache with antiviral and antibiotic treatment for two weeks, then was treated with empirical anti-tuberculosis treatment and oral prednisolone therapy. She followed up at 3 months from presentation with symptoms improved and normal CSF analysis. 3-month follow-up MRI performed asymmetric lesions in the cerebellum, corona radiata, and white matter with enhancement. Anti-tuberculosis treatment was continued and steroid was discontinued. After She stopped taking the prednisolone, interrupted headache gradually appeared. MRI at 4 months after presentation revealed partial reduced extent of lesions, but enlarged areas in left cerebellum and right parietal white matter, as well as a new lesion in the region of the right ependyma with linearly enhancement. Screening for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody were positive in CSF by transfected cell-based assay. She was diagnosed with overlapping syndrome of MOG‑IgG‑associated disease and GFAP astrocytopathy and received steroid pulse therapy (methylprednisolone 1 g for 5 days) followed by a gradual tapering of oral prednisolone, as well as addition of immunosuppressant (tacrolimus, 3 mg per day). 6 months after the patient’s initial presentation, no symptom was found, MRI showed the lesions had obviously diminished and no enhancement was found. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of overlapping syndrome with coexistence of MOG-IgG and GFAP-IgG presenting as clinical meningoencephalitis. The early screening of autoantibodies against CNS antigens was of great importance for the patient suspected of intracranial infection to make the definite diagnosis.

scholarly journals White Matter Hyperintensities and Cognitive Decline in de Novo Parkinson’s Disease Patients

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Dadar ◽  
Yashar Zeighami ◽  
Yvonne Yau ◽  
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad ◽  
Josefina Maranzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Cortical Thinning

AbstractObjectiveWhite Matter Hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with cognitive decline in normative aging and Alzheimer’s disease. However, the pathogenesis of cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is not directly related to vascular causes, and therefore the role of WMHs in PD remains unclear. If WMH has a higher impact on cognitive decline in PD, vascular pathology should be assessed and treated with a higher priority in this population. Here we investigate whether WMH leads to increased cognitive decline in PD, and if these effects relate to cortical thinningMethodsTo investigate the role of WMHs in PD, it is essential to study recently-diagnosed/non-treated patients.De novoPD patients and age-matched controls (NPD=365,NControl=174) with FLAIR/T2-weighted scans at baseline were selected from Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). WMHs and cortical thickness were measured to analyse the relationship between baseline WMHs and future cognitive decline (follow-up:4.09±1.14 years) and cortical thinning (follow-up:1.05±0.10 years).ResultsHigh WMH load (WMHL) at baseline in PD was associated with increased cognitive decline, significantly more than i) PDs with low WMHL and ii) controls with high WMHL. Furthermore, PD patients with higher baseline WMHL showed more cortical thinning in right frontal lobe than subjects with low WMHL. Cortical thinning of this region also predicted decline in performance on a cognitive test.InterpretationPresence of WMHs inde novoPD patients predicts greater future cognitive decline and cortical thinning than in normal aging. Recognizing WMHs as a potential predictor of cognitive deficit in PD provides an opportunity for timely interventions.

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