Mycoremediation and toxicity assessment of textile effluent pertaining to its possible correlation with COD

AbstractGlobally, textile industries are one of the major sectors releasing dye pollutants. This is the first report on the positive correlation between toxicity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of textile effluent along with the proposed pathway for enzymatic degradation of acid orange 10 using Geotrichum candidum within a very short stretch of time (18 h). Removal efficiency of this mycoremedial approach after 18 h in terms of chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, salinity, color and dye concentration in the treated effluent reached to 98.5%, 56.3%,73.2%, 64%, 89% and 87% respectively. Also there was a decrease in pH of the treated effluent. FTIR analysis of the treated effluent confirmed biodegradation. The LCMS analysis showed the degradation of acid orange 10, which was confirmed by the formation of two biodegradation products, 7-oxo-8-iminonapthalene-1,3-disulfonate and nitrosobenzene, which subsequently undergoes stepwise hydrogenation and dehydration to form aniline via phenyl hydroxyl amine as intermediate. The X-ray diffraction studies showed that heavy metal content in the treated effluent has reduced along with decrease in % crystallinity, indicating biodegradation. The connection between toxicity and COD was also inveterated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Further the toxicological studies indicated the toxicity of raw textile effluent and relatively lower toxic nature of metabolites generated after biodegradation by G. candidum.

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Mycoremediation of Textile Effluent: A Toxicological Evaluation and its Possible Correlation with COD

10.21203/rs.3.rs-356935/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Geetanjali Rajhans ◽

Adyasa Barik ◽

Sudip Sen ◽

Amrita Masanta ◽

Naresh Sahoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Demand ◽

Geotrichum Candidum ◽

Textile Effluent ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Toxicological Evaluation ◽

Acid Orange ◽

Dye Pollutants ◽

Treated Effluent ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Acid Orange 10

Abstract Globally, textile industries are one of the major sectors releasing dye pollutants. This is the first report on the positive correlation between toxicity and COD of textile effluent along with the proposed pathway for enzymatic degradation of acid orange 10 using Geotrichum candidum within a very short stretch of time (18h). Removal efficiency of this mycoremedial approach after 18 h in terms of color, dye concentration as well as reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) in the treated effluent reached to 89%, 87%, 98.5% and 96.3% respectively. FT-IR analysis of the treated effluent confirmed biodegradation. The LC-MS analysis showed the degradation of acid orange 10, which was confirmed by the formation of two biodegradation products, 7-oxo-8-iminonapthalene-1,3-disulfonate and nitrosobenzene, which subsequently undergoes stepwise hydrogenation and dehydration to form aniline via phenyl hydroxyl amine as intermediate. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies showed that heavy metals content in the treated effluent has reduced along with decrease in % crystallinity, indicating biodegradation. The connection between toxicity and COD was also inveterated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Further the toxicological studies indicated the toxicity of raw textile effluent and relatively lower toxic nature of metabolites generated after biodegradation by G. candidum.

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Influence of Redox Mediators and Electron Donors on the Anaerobic Removal of Color and Chemical Oxygen Demand from Textile Effluent

CLEAN - Soil Air Water ◽

10.1002/clen.201200070 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (9) ◽

pp. 928-933 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sandra M. Amorim ◽

Mario T. Kato ◽

Lourdinha Florencio ◽

Sávia Gavazza

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Electron Donors ◽

Textile Effluent ◽

Redox Mediators

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Treatment of slaughterhouse plant wastewater by using a membrane bioreactor

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2011.677 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 214-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Levent Gürel ◽

Hanife Büyükgüngör

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Membrane Bioreactor ◽

Nitrate Nitrogen ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Organic Substances ◽

Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽

Treated Effluent ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Removal Efficiencies

The use of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for removal of organic substances and nutrients from slaughterhouse plant wastewater was investigated. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations of slaughterhouse wastewater were found to be approximately 571 mg O2/L, 102.5 mg/L, and 16.25 mg PO4-P/L, respectively. A submerged type membrane was used in the bioreactor. The removal efficiencies for COD, total organic carbon (TOC), TP and TN were found to be 97, 96, 65, 44% respectively. The COD value of wastewater was decreased to 16 mg/L (COD discharge standard for slaughterhouse plant wastewaters is 160 mg/L). TOC was decreased to 9 mg/L (TOC discharge standard for slaughterhouse plant wastewaters is 20 mg/L). Ammonium, and nitrate nitrogen concentrations of treated effluent were 0.100 mg NH4-N/L, and 80.521 mg NO3-N/L, respectively. Slaughterhouse wastewater was successfully treated with the MBR process.

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Removal of Chlorophenols and Chlorolignins from Bleaching Effluent by Combined Chemical and Biological Treatment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1988.0019 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 161-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

O. Milstein ◽

A. Haars ◽

A. Majcherczyk ◽

J. Trojanowski ◽

D. Tautz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Pilot Unit ◽

Insoluble Complex ◽

Treated Effluent ◽

Organic Halogens ◽

Adsorbable Organic Halogens

Organic matter from spent bleaching effluents (from chlorination (C) or extraction (E) stages, or a mixture of both) was effectively precipitated as a water insoluble complex with polyethyleneimine (polyimine). Precipitation was performed in a pilot unit operating automatically. The colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) were reduced in the C-effluent by up to 92%, 65%, and 84%, respectively. Regarding the E-stage effluent, reduction was up to 76% for colour, 70% for COD, and 73% for AOX. No significant reduction of BOD5 was observed in the supernatant of the treated effluent. Fish toxicity was greatly reduced. Laccase increased the molecular weight of the effluent constituents, thus facilitating subsequent precipitation. After treatment with laccase, the bulk of mono- and dichlorophenol is coprecipitated with the liquors from the C and E bleaching stages. Fungi (representatives of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium) achieved an appreciable level of degradation of chlorophenols and other chloroorganic compounds from the bleaching effluent.

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Intensification of textile effluent chemical oxygen demand reduction by innovative hybrid methods

Chemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.cej.2010.08.013 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 163 (3) ◽

pp. 344-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Senthilnathan Nachiappan ◽

Karuppan Muthukumar

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Hybrid Methods ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Textile Effluent ◽

Demand Reduction ◽

Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction

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Biological Treatment of Real Textile Effluent Using Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporium and Their Consortium along with the Evaluation of Their Phytotoxicity

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7030193 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 193

Author(s):

Mohamed T. Selim ◽

Salem S. Salem ◽

Asem A. Mohamed ◽

Mamdouh S. El-Gamal ◽

Mohamed F. Awad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Tap Water ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Textile Effluent ◽

Synthetic Dyes ◽

Textile Effluents ◽

Fungal Strains ◽

Treated Effluent ◽

Biodegradation Process ◽

Fungal Consortium

Twenty-one fungal strains were isolated from dye-contaminated soil; out of them, two fungal strains A2 and G2-1 showed the highest decolorization capacity for real textile effluent and were, hence, identified as Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporium based on morphological and molecular methods. The highest decolorization percentage of 78.12 ± 2.1% was attained in the biotreatment with fungal consortium followed by A. flavus and F. oxysporium separately with removal percentages of 54.68 ± 1.2% and 52.41 ± 1.0%, respectively. Additionally, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy of the treated effluent showed that a maximum peak (λmax) of 415 nm was reduced as compared with the control. The indicators of wastewater treatment efficacy, namely total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, conductivity, biological oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand with removal percentages of 78.2, 78.4, 58.2, 78.1, and 77.6%, respectively, demonstrated a considerable decrease in values due to fungal consortium treatment. The reduction in peak and mass area along with the appearance of new peaks in GC-MS confirms a successful biodegradation process. The toxicity of treated textile effluents on the seed germination of Vicia faba was decreased as compared with the control. The shoot length after irrigation with effluents treated by the fungal consortium was 15.12 ± 1.01 cm as compared with that treated by tap-water, which was 17.8 ± 0.7 cm. Finally, we recommended the decrease of excessive uses of synthetic dyes and utilized biological approaches for the treatment of real textile effluents to reuse in irrigation of uneaten plants especially with water scarcity worldwide.

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