scholarly journals Securing genetic integrity in freshwater pearl mussel propagation and captive breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Geist ◽  
Helmut Bayerl ◽  
Bernhard C. Stoeckle ◽  
Ralph Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Genetic Integrity ◽  
Pearl Mussel ◽  
Freshwater Pearl Mussel ◽  
Systematic Selection ◽  
Source Populations ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractSecuring genetic integrity is of key importance in conservation-oriented captive breeding programs releasing juveniles into the wild. This is particularly true for species such as the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) for which a number of captive breeding facilities has been established in Europe. The core objective of this study was to compare the genetic constitution of 29 cohorts of captive-bred freshwater pearl mussels from five different breeding facilities in Austria, France, Luxembourg and Germany, with their original 14 source populations from nine major European drainages, based on microsatellite markers. Captive-bred mussels represented 11 different genetic clusters, suggesting an important contribution of the breeding stations to securing the genetic diversity of the species. In almost all cases, the cultured offspring closely resembled the genetic constitution of the source mussels as revealed from the STRUCTURE analysis and the generally high assignment of offspring to the original source populations. The majority of captive-bred cohorts had an increased inbreeding coefficient and decreased genetic variability compared to their source populations as measured by AR and HO. Highest numbers of deformed juveniles coincided with very low levels of HO < 0.05. Since erosion of genetic diversity in captive breeding was mostly evident in individual year-cohorts, long-term breeding over multiple years can minimize such effects. The systematic selection of priority populations for conservation, effective breeding strategies avoiding effects of in- and outbreeding by genetically informed selection of parent individuals, and a network of collaboration among the different breeding facilities would be very useful to increase resilience and effectiveness.

scholarly journals Assessing Evolutionary Significant Units (ESU) of the Endangered Freshwater Pearl Mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) in Southeast Norway on the Basis of Genetic Analysis

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Arne N. Linløkken ◽  
Silje Garlie ◽  
Wenche Johansen ◽  
Robert C. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Margaritifera Margaritifera ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Pearl Mussel ◽  
Freshwater Pearl Mussel ◽  
Recruitment Failure ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

A total of 312 specimens of freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) were sampled from 11 populations, located in four different river systems in Southeast Norway, and analyzed for 11 simple sequence repeat (SSR) (microsatellite) markers. All study populations have landlocked brown trout (Salmo trutta) as the only possible host. Several populations had experienced recruitment failure, probably due to low pH (about 6.0) and calcium concentration. STRUCTURE clustering analysis revealed two genetic clusters, of which one cluster occurred mainly in the western river systems, and totally dominated in one population (Fallselva (A-FAL)) that had higher genetic diversity than the others. Cluster 2 completely dominated in the populations of the eastern river systems, and all of them had low genetic diversity. Bottleneck events were indicated in all populations and the inbreeding coefficient FIS was significant in all populations, except for the southernmost population (Sørkedalselva (B-SØR)), which was the only population with genotypes in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. FIS were especially high in the populations of the eastern river systems, and maximum shell length was negatively correlated to FIS. If artificially breeding and stocking should become necessary for future preservation, it should be based on single populations; alternatively, the eastern populations should be based on cross-breeding of populations within the cluster to increase their genetic diversity.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and indirect selection of fine cacao (Theobroma cacao) based on bean color

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2385-2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUKITA DEVY ◽  
INDAH ANITA-SARI ◽  
AGUNG WAHYU SUSILO ◽  
ADE WACHJAR ◽  
SOBIR SOBIR
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
T Test ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Selection Of

Devy L, Anita-Sari I, Susilo AW, Wachjar A, Sobir. 2018. Genetic diversity and indirect selection of fine cacao (Theobroma cacao) based on bean color. Biodiversitas 19: 2385-2392. Specialty fine cacaos performed higher price than the bulk thereby the breeding of fine cacao clones become essential. However as perennial tree, cacao clones will be delivered in 15-20 years. Therefore, early detection marker and genetic diversity information will support the fine cacao breeding program. This study aimed to determine genetic parameters and early selection marker of leave flush trait to differentiate fine and bulk cacaos based on white bean percentage/pod (WBP). The research was conducted on 4 fine and 4 bulk cacao clones in two seasons with different rainfall intensities. Observations performed on WBP, flush color (L*, a*, b*, C*, Ho), anthocyanin content (A), SPAD value (S), A/S and S/A. Analysis of variance and T-test result showed that b* and C* were able to differentiate fine from bulk cacaos and stable in two seasons. Almost all traits showed narrow genetic variability except WBP. However, three of them showed high heritability. Traits correlated with WBP were L*, a*, b*, C* and anthocyanin content. However, the trait with high heritability, stable in two seasons, performed differently in two cacao types based on T-test and showing high direct correlation with WBP was only b* (yellow color). Fine cacao showed higher b* than the bulk. Therefore b* of the flush could be considered as a selection marker of fine cacao.

Genetic base and relatedness of Indian early maturing potato (Solanum tuberosum) selections

2010 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
R. KUMAR ◽  
G. S. KANG ◽  
S. K. PANDEY ◽  
J. GOPAL
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Pedigree Analysis ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Gene Complexes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYPedigree analysis was used to study the genetic background of 66 Indian early maturing potato selections, the pedigree of which was traced back to 35 ancestors. Six of the 35 contributed 0·42 of the genetic base, which shows the narrow genetic base of Indian early maturing genotypes. Genotypes 2814 (a)1 (f=0·145) and 3069 (d)4 (f=0·145) were the ancestors which appeared most frequently. Based on the coefficient of relationship, the 66 selections were grouped into seven groups with one common ancestor in almost all the selections within a group. The genotypes Kufri Ashoka, Kufri Pukhraj, AGB-69-1, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Alankar, Kufri Lauvkar and Kufri Kuber were identified as very important parents/ancestors, carrying specific gene complexes valuable in new selections. Crosses between selections from different diversity groups can result in the selection of useful clones while increasing or maintaining genetic diversity, which is desirable to ensure sustainable breeding progress in the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document