scholarly journals Authenticity control of pine sylvestris essential oil by chiral gas chromatographic analysis of α-pinene

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Allenspach ◽  
Claudia Valder ◽  
Daniela Flamm ◽  
Christian Steuer
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Enantiomeric Excess ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Pine Oil ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Enantiomeric Ratio ◽  
Chiral Gas Chromatography

AbstractNumerous terpenes present in essential oils (EOs) display one or more chiral centers. Within the same genus the enantiomeric ratio of these compounds can be different. Thus, the determination of enantiomers is a valuable tool to evaluate authenticity and quality of EOs. In here, the terpene profile of primary and commercial pine EOs was analyzed by conventional and chiral gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector. The enantiomeric excess of ( ±)-α-pinene was determined and significant differences between primary and commercially available EOs were observed. Primary EOs of Pinus sylvestris L. showed a positive enantiomeric excess of (+)-α-pinene whereas commercial EOs labeled as P. sylvestris L. exhibited an enantiomeric excess of (−)-α-pinene. Thus, chiral analysis provides useful information on the authenticity of pine EOs and allows to uncover possible mislabeling, the use of the wrong herbal substance and sources of adulteration in pine oil.

Quantitative Determination of Medazepam, Diazepam, and Nitrazepam in Whole Blood by Flame-Ionization Gas—liquid Chromatography

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mavis S Greaves
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Derivative ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Flame Ionization

Abstract Accurate methods are described for the qualitative and quantitative determination of medazepam, diazepam, and nitrazepam in 5 ml of whole blood. Medazepam and diazepam are analyzed intact and nitrazepam is chromatographed as its trimethylsilyl derivative by flame-ionization gas-chromatography on "1% OV-17." A supplementary column of "2% OV-1" is used to separate nitrazepam TMS from diazepam when both are present in the same extract. Essential data given include the percentage recovery of medazepam, and the flame-ionization detector responses of diazepam and silylated nitrazepam relative to medazepam, calculated after extraction from blood and gas-chromatographic analysis. Chromatograms are illustrated of extracts of blood taken from patients on medazepam and diazepam therapy and from a patient who had taken an overdose of nitrazepam.

Determination of volatile alcohols and acetone in serum by non-polar capillary gas chromatography after direct sample injection.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1672-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
N B Smith
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Capillary Gas Chromatography ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Split Ratio

Abstract In this method for detection and quantification of volatile alcohols by capillary gas chromatography, the serum sample is deproteinized, then directly injected into the gas chromatograph with 1-propanol as the internal standard. The capillary column is a 30-m bonded methylsilicone-coated, fused-silica column. With helium as the carrier gas, the injector inlet is set at a split ratio of 1/30 and the average linear velocity in the column is 25 cm/s. Injector and flame-ionization detector temperatures are 280 degrees C, oven temperature 35 degrees C. Chromatography time is less than 3 min.

Rapid Gas-Chromatographic Determination of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine in Urine

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1460-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh C Jain ◽  
Thomas C Sneath ◽  
Robert D Budd
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Quantitative Result ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Flame Ionization Detector ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Rapid Procedure ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Dual Analysis

Abstract A simple, rapid procedure is described for measuring amphetamine and methamphetamine in urine by gas chromatography, with use of a flame ionization detector. This method is sensitive to subtherapeutic concentrations (0.1 µg/ml or less), and is especially useful in clinical situations where an accurate and quantitative result is needed in less than 30 min. With the method, amphetamine and methamphetamine can be determined as the free bases on a 10% Apiezon L-10% KOH column and as their trifluoroacetamide derivatives on a 3% OV-17 column. This dual analysis eliminates false positives and any interfering substances that may be present in the urine, and is thus a specific method for the two drugs.

Determination of Styrene Migration from Food-Contact Polymers into Margarine, Using Azeotropic Distillation and Headspace Gas Chromatography

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1067-1073
Author(s):  
Sandra L Varner ◽  
Charles V Breder ◽  
Thomas Fazio
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Azeotropic Distillation ◽  
Flame Ionization Detector ◽  
Headspace Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Quantitation Limit ◽  
Headspace Gas

Abstract Migration studies were conducted to determine the quantity of styrene that migrates from polymers into fatty foods, specifically margarine. Azeotropic distillation was used to isolate styrene from the margarine. Headspace gas chromatography with a Chromosorb 104 column and a flame ionization detector was used for quantitation. The quantitation limit for the method was about 25 ppb (wt/wt) styrene in margarine. On the average, greater than 90% of the styrene was recovered. Several commercial margarines were examined. The method and results of the migration studies are presented. There was no detectable migration of styrene into margarine.

Headspace Sampling and Gas Chromatographic Determination of Styrene Migration from Food-Contact Polystyrene Cups into Beverages and Food Simulants

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1122-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L Varner ◽  
Charles V Breder
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Headspace Sampling ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
And Storage

Abstract Migration studies using coffee, tea, water, and 8% ethanol were conducted with various types of foodcontact polystyrene cups. Study conditions simulated filling and storage at room temperature and hot-filling or pasteurization above 150°F (65.6°C). The quantity of styrene migrating was determined by headspace sampling and gas chromatography (GC). The GC column was 6% Carbowax 20M on Chromosorb 101 with quantitation via a flame ionization detector. Detection limits ranged from 3 to 10 ppb in various liquids. The method and results of the migration studies are presented.

Gas Chromatographic Determination of Dioxathion and Chlorfenvinphos in Emulsifiable Formulations and Livestock Dips

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-568
Author(s):  
J E Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method

Abstract A gas chromatographic method is described for the quantitative determination of dioxathion and chlorfenvinphos in emulsifiable concentrates and livestock dips. A convenient quantity of the emulsifiable formulation is dissolved in xylene and the aqueous dip is extracted with xylene for gas chromatographic analysis, using a mixed silicone oil stationary phase and a flame ionization detector. The coefficients of variation for the dioxathion and chlorfenvinphos determinations in the emulsifiable concentrate are 2.4 and 1.0%, respectively. Recoveries of the former from a fouled dip ranged from 97 to 103% and recoveries of the latter ranged from 92 to 97%.

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