scholarly journals Optical interferometry based micropipette aspiration provides real-time sub-nanometer spatial resolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Berardi ◽  
Kevin Bielawski ◽  
Niek Rijnveld ◽  
Grzegorz Gruca ◽  
Hilde Aardema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Micropipette Aspiration ◽  
Optical Interferometry ◽  
Viscoelastic Response ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Nanometer Resolution ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Soft Biomaterials

AbstractMicropipette aspiration (MPA) is an essential tool in mechanobiology; however, its potential is far from fully exploited. The traditional MPA technique has limited temporal and spatial resolution and requires extensive post processing to obtain the mechanical fingerprints of samples. Here, we develop a MPA system that measures pressure and displacement in real time with sub-nanometer resolution thanks to an interferometric readout. This highly sensitive MPA system enables studying the nanoscale behavior of soft biomaterials under tension and their frequency-dependent viscoelastic response.

scholarly journals High temporal and spatial resolution studies of bone cells using real-time confocal reflection microscopy

Scanning ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Boyde ◽  
P. Vesely ◽  
C. Gray ◽  
S. J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

scholarly journals STED super-resolution imaging of membrane packing and dynamics by exchangeable polarity-sensitive dyes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Carravilla ◽  
Anindita Dasgupta ◽  
Gaukhar Zhurgenbayeva ◽  
Dmytro I. Danylchuk ◽  
Andrey S. Klymchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Membrane Dynamics ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Stimulated Emission ◽  
Sted Microscopy ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Polarity Sensitive

Understanding the plasma membrane nano-scale organisation and dynamics in living cells requires microscopy techniques with high temporal and spatial resolution and long acquisition times, that also allow for the quantification of membrane biophysical properties such as lipid ordering. Among the most popular super-resolution techniques, stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy offers one of the highest temporal resolution, ultimately defined by the scanning speed. However, monitoring live processes using STED microscopy is significantly limited by photobleaching, which recently has been circumvented by exchangeable membrane dyes that only temporarily reside in the membrane. Here, we show that NR4A, a polarity-sensitive exchangeable plasma membrane probe based on Nile Red, permits the super-resolved quantification of membrane biophysical parameters in real time with high temporal and spatial resolution as well as long acquisition times. The potential of this polarity-sensitive exchangeable dyes is showcased by live-cell real-time 3D-STED recordings of bleb formation and lipid exchange during membrane fusion, as well as by STED-fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (STED-FCS) experiments for the simultaneous quantification of membrane dynamics and lipid packing, which correlate in model and live-cell membranes.

scholarly journals Leveraging eDNA to detect and monitor hybrid zones

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Stewart ◽  
Scott A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Sampling Density ◽  
Temporal Sampling ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Hybrid zones are important windows into evolutionary processes and our understanding of their significance and prevalence in nature has expanded quickly. Yet most hybridization research has restricted temporal and spatial resolution, limiting our ability to draw broad conclusions about evolutionary and conservation related outcomes. Here, we argue rapidly advancing environmental DNA (eDNA) methodology should be adopted for studies of hybrid zones to increase temporal sampling (contemporary and historical), to refine and geographically expand sampling density, and to collect data for taxa that are difficult to directly sample. Genomic data in the environment offer the potential for near real-time biological tracking and eDNA provides broad, as yet untapped potential to address eco-evolutionary questions.

scholarly journals Accuracy assessment of real-time flood forecasting of coupled hydrological and mesoscale meteorological models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Jabbari ◽  
Jae-Min So ◽  
Deg-Hyo Bae
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Flood Forecasting ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Meteorological Models

Abstract. Hydro-meteorological predictions are important for water management plans, which include providing early flood warnings and preventing flood damages. This study evaluates the real-time precipitation of an atmospheric model at the point and catchment scales to select the proper hydrological model to couple with the atmospheric model. Furthermore, a variety of tests were conducted to quantify the accuracy assessments of coupled models to provide details on the maximum spatial and temporal resolutions and lead times in a real-time forecasting system. As a major limitation of previous studies, the temporal and spatial resolutions of the hydrological model are smaller than those of the meteorological model. Here, through ultra-fine scale of temporal (10 min) and spatial resolution (1 km × 1 km), we determined the optimal resolution. A numerical weather prediction model and a rainfall runoff model were employed to evaluate real-time flood forecasting for the Imjin River (South and North Korea). The comparison of the forecasted precipitation and the observed precipitation indicated that the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model underestimated precipitation. The skill of the model was relatively higher for the catchment than for the point scale, as illustrated by the lower RMSE value, which is important for a semi-distributed hydrological model. The variations in temporal and spatial resolutions illustrated a decrease in accuracy; additionally, the optimal spatial resolution obtained at 8 km and the temporal resolution did not affect the inherent inaccuracy of the results. Lead time variation demonstrated that lead time dependency was almost negligible below 36 h. With reference to our case study, comparisons of model performance provided quantitative knowledge for understanding the credibility and restrictions of hydro-meteorological models.

scholarly journals Leveraging eDNA to detect and monitor hybrid zones

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Stewart ◽  
Scott A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Sampling Density ◽  
Temporal Sampling ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Hybrid zones are important windows into evolutionary processes and our understanding of their significance and prevalence in nature has expanded quickly. Yet most hybridization research has restricted temporal and spatial resolution, limiting our ability to draw broad conclusions about evolutionary and conservation related outcomes. Here, we argue rapidly advancing environmental DNA (eDNA) methodology should be adopted for studies of hybrid zones to increase temporal sampling (contemporary and historical), to refine and geographically expand sampling density, and to collect data for taxa that are difficult to directly sample. Genomic data in the environment offer the potential for near real-time biological tracking and eDNA provides broad, as yet untapped potential to address eco-evolutionary questions.

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