Original Memoir of Prof. Roentgen

1896 ◽  
Vol 41 (1050supp) ◽  
pp. 16785-16786
Keyword(s):  
Original Memoir

400 YEARS AFTER THE BATTLE OF HUMENNÉ A POLISH SOURCE ON THE SIEGE OF VIENNA AND ITS AFTERMATH (1619-21)

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-336
Author(s):  
RADOSŁAW SZTYBER
Keyword(s):  
Short Description ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Original Memoir ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Unique Source

The article is an attempt to present The exploits of Polish elears, who were formerly called Lisovchiks (Przewagi elearów polskich, co ich niegdy lisowczykami zwano) by Wojciech Dembołęcki. The book’s form varies between that of a chronicle, a memoir, and a detailed diary. Nevertheless, the report contains an abundance of valuable and interesting data on the Battle of Humenné and its immediate consequences, particularly the pacification actions led by Polish mercenary troops. Dembołęcki’s Exploits can be thought of as, for many reasons, a unique source of knowledge on several historical episodes of the initial stage of the Thirty Years’ War. Its convention, however, is to show the Lisovchiks as an army of God, and therefore the publication (printed in Poznań in 1623) is also evidence of propaganda-motivated glorification of the notorious elears who supported Ferdinand II’s forces twice (in 1619-21 and in 1622). Despite the exaggerated written praise, these soldiers were soon outlawed (in 1623) because of their conduct, especially during peaceful periods. The diary gives the reader a chance to get acquainted with authentic documents, such as correspondence addressed to Poles and signed by imperial authorities. The article mainly recalls selected facts (war tactics specificity, battles, marches, negotiations, etc.) in the chronological order on the basis of the account, but some examples of Dembołęcki’s comments are also cited, paraphrased, or discussed to give a better idea of the nature of the original memoir. In the concluding part of the study there are some remarks on Dembołęcki’s other work, enriched with a short description of a Latin manuscript (preserved in Prague) and a pair of booklets, the first of which was issued in Vienna and the second somewhat later in Poland (the precise place of publication is unknown).

scholarly journals VI. Addition to memoir on the resultant of a system of two equations

1868 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Original Memoir

The elimination tables in the Memoir on the Resultant of a System of two Equations (Phil. Trans. 1857, pp. 703-715), relate to equations of the form ( a, b . . .)( x, y ) m = 0, without numerical coefficients; but it is, I think, desirable to give the corresponding tables for equations in the form ( a, b , . .)( x, y ) m = 0 with numerical coefficients, which is the standard form in quantics. The transformation can of course be effected without difficulty, and the results are as here given. It is easy to see à priori that the sum of the numerical coefficients in each table ought to vanish; these sums do in fact vanish, and we have thus a verification as well of the tables of the present Addition as of the tables of the original memoir, by means whereof the present tables were calculated.

scholarly journals The Bakerian lecture: On the gaseous state of matter

1876 ◽  
Vol 24 (164-170) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
Acid Gas ◽  
Original Memoir ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
State Of Matter ◽  
Mean Time

After referring to certain modifications in his former method of working at high pressures, the author describes some preliminary experiments which were undertaken to determine the change of capacity in the capillary bore of the glass tubes under the pressures employed. From these experiments it appears that, on raising the pressure from 5 to 110 atmospheres, the capacity was increased for each atmosphere by only 0·0000036, and that this change of capacity was chiefly due to compression of the internal walls of the glass tube. Another set of experiments was made to ascertain whether air or carbonic-acid gas is absorbed at high pressures to any appreciable extent by mercury. For the method of operating and other details reference must be made to the original memoir; but the general result is that no absorption whatever takes place, even at pressures of 50 or 100 atmospheres. The pressures are given according to the indications of the air-manometer in the absence of sufficient data (which the author hopes will be soon supplied) for reducing them to true pressures. In the mean time it is probable, from the experiments of Cailletet, that the indications of the air-manometer are almost exact at 200 atmospheres, and for lower pressures do not in any case deviate more than from the true amount. In a note which was published last year in the ‘Proceedings’ of the Society (No. 163), it was staffed that the coefficient of expansion ( a ) for heat under constant pressure changes in value both with the pressure and with the temperature. The experiments on this subject are now completed, and are described at length in this paper. The final results will be found in the two following Tables. In the first Table the values of a are referred to a unit volume at 0º and under one atmosphere. In the first column the pressure p in atmospheres is in terms of the air-manometer.

The Desperate Diplomat Revisited

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-333
Author(s):  
Masako R. Okura
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pearl Harbor ◽  
Military Action ◽  
Original Memoir ◽  
International Military Tribunal ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Military Tribunal

This article, an elaboration on The Desperate Diplomat (2016), reexamines Japanese Special Envoy Kurusu Saburo’s mission to the United States before Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, presenting a new “concurring opinion” in support of his innocence. The u.s. government firmly believed that Kurusu had been informed of the impending attack prior to coming to the United States and thus acted as a smoke screen. And so, the myth of the deceitful ambassador was born. Nevertheless, Kurusu insisted that he had no prior knowledge of Japan’s military action. Misunderstanding of his role in the Pearl Harbor attack and harsh remarks about it upset him. Utilizing Kurusu’s unpublished and previously unused materials in both Japanese and English housed in the National Diet Library in Tokyo, records from the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, and The Desperate Diplomat, based on his original memoir, this article helps Kurusu tell his side of the story to initiate scholarly debate on this insufficiently researched diplomat. This reassessment also presents excerpts from Kurusu’s unpublished personal correspondences with E. Stanley Jones, Bernard M. Baruch, and Joseph C. Grew.

scholarly journals IV.—Remarks on the Genus Megalichthys, Agassiz, with Description of a New Species

1884 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Traquair
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
British Association ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
The Real ◽  
Original Memoir ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Incontrovertible Evidence

There can be no doubt that the name Megalichthys was originally suggested to Agassiz by the gigantic teeth of the great round-scaled fish first brought into notice by the researches of Dr. Hibbert, in the quarries of Burdiehouse, though indeed some of its remains had long previously been figured by Ure in his “History of Rutherglen and East Kilbride.” Incontrovertible evidence of this may be found by referring to the Proceedings of the British Association for 1834, and to Dr. Hibbert's original memoir on the Burdiehouse Limestone published in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, vol. xiii. 1835. But with the remains of this enormous creature were also associated and confounded certain rhombic glistening scales, belonging really to a considerably smaller fish of a totally different genus, and when Agassiz, subsequently to the meeting of the British Association at Edinburgh in the year above quoted, found in the Museum at Leeds a head of this latter form, or at least of an allied species, he adopted it, by description and by figure, as the type of his Megalichthys Hibberti, relegating the other to the genus Holoptychius. This latter, the real “big fish,” is now known as Rhizodus Hibberti, the founder of the genus being Prof. Owen; and though it may be a matter of regret that it did not retain the name Megalichthys, the laws of zoological nomenclature do not admit of any alteration now.

III.—A Chapter in the History of Meteorites

1875 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Flight
Keyword(s):  
Original Memoir ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interesting Story ◽  
Accidental Discovery

The interesting story of the discovery of these enormous masses by Prof. Nordenskjöld is already known to the readers of this Magazine through a translation of his original memoir. While exploring in Danish Greenland in 1870, his attention was directed to the possibility that meteorites might be met with in Disko Island, by the accidental discovery of a block of meteoric iron in some ballast which had been taken in at the old whaling-station at Fortuna Bay, near Godhavn, and he urged the Greenlanders to search the district for masses of that metal.

scholarly journals On a dorsal dermal spine of the hylæosaurus recently discovered in the strata of Tilgate forest

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 957-958
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Microscopical Examination ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Original Memoir ◽  
Considerable Portion ◽  
Original Specimen ◽  
Articulating Surface ◽  
Original Interpretation

In the first discovered specimen of the remains of the fossil reptile named Hylæosaurus by the author, there were associated with the recognizable parts of the skeleton a series of thin, long angular processes, six or seven of which extended in a line nearly parallel with the upper part of the vertebral column: these bones are from four to seventeen inches in length. There are also several imbedded in various parts of the same block of stone; and in another specimen of this reptile, consisting of a considerable portion of the distal part of the vertebral column, similar angular bones are associated with the spine. The true nature of these processes, from their great size and osseous character, was deemed very problematical: Dr. Mantell, in his original memoir in 1832, regarded them as dorsal dermal spines that had formed a serrated crest which extended along the back of the Hylæosaurus, in the same manner as the horny dermal fringe in many species of Iguana, Cyclura, &c. Professor Owen, in his reports on British fossil reptiles, expressed his dissent from this opinion, and considered it more probable that the bones in question were abdominal ribs. In a memoir on the Iguanodon and Hylæosaurus (Phil. Trans. 1849), Dr. Mantell states that he had been able to obtain slices of one of these spines for microscopical examination, and that their internal structure was identical with that of the acknowledged dermal scutes of the same reptile. Still the true form of the articulating surface of the base of these spines was unknown, every specimen being imperfect in this respect. At length, after the lapse of eighteen years, Dr. Mantell obtained, through the liberality of Mr. Peter Fuller of Lewes, from the very quarry in which the original specimen of Hylæosaurus was found, the spine figured and described in this communication, in which the base is sufficiently entire to show that the mode of implantation in the skin was identical with that of the true dermal scutes; thus confirming the authors original interpretation of these remarkable appendages having constituted a serrated crest along the back of the Hylæosaurus. The specimens, and the microscopical sections, were exhibited to the Society.

Smallpox and the double decrement table: a piece of actuarial prehistory

1979 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Daw
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Original Memoir ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

More than 200 years ago, on 30 April 1760, Daniel Bernoulli (1766) read a memoir to the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris entitled Essai d'une nouvelle analyse de la mortalité causée par la petite vérole, et des avantages de l'inoculation pour la prévenir (see Bradley, 1971, for a translation). In this remarkable memoir Bernoulli produced the first double decrement life table and one of the related single decrement tables, as well as deriving a mathematical model of the behaviour of smallpox in a community. This model was the forerunner of considerable developments in the mathematical theory of infectious diseases, a description of which is given in N. T. J. Bailey (1975). During the half century following Bernoulli's memoir there were a number of papers by other authors on the subject of that memoir; these, and the original memoir, seem to be little known to actuaries and are the subject of the present paper. They could have been the starting point of the actuarial development of exposed-to-risk formulae, but in fact were not.

scholarly journals XVI. On the method of symmetric products, and on certain circular functions connected with that method

1861 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 327-356 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Direct Calculation ◽  
Algebraic Solution ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Symmetric Products ◽  
Original Memoir ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Circular Functions ◽  
Systematic Exposition

In a paper printed in the second part of the fifteenth volume of the ‘Manchester Memoirs,’ I have given a systematic exposition of Mr. Cockle’s Method of Symmetric Products, and its application to the finite algebraic solution of the lower equations. In that paper, to which I shall in future refer as my original memoir, I have also defined a new cyclical symbol, and I have by its aid succeeded in effecting the direct calculation of a certain sextic equation, on whose solution that of the general quintic may be made to depend. In an Addendum I have pointed out the connexion between the circular functions which occur in my own researches and those to which we are led by the theory of Lagrange and Vandermonde, and, by means of the cyclical process, I have given a neat expression for the first coefficient of Lagrange’s reducing equation. These researches I have followed up in an article “On the Theory of Quintics,” in the third volume of the ‘Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics.’ My present purpose is not to repeat, but to endeavour to generalize and extend former results. I shall therefore content myself with a very brief résumé of my investigations, referring the reader for details to the above works. Mr. Cockle’s earlier researches on the subject were published in a series of five papers “On the Transformation of Algebraic Equations,” printed in the first and third volumes of ‘The Mathematician.’

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