scholarly journals Acute Ketamine Administration Alters the Brain Responses to Executive Demands in a Verbal Working Memory Task: an fMRI Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A E Honey ◽  
G D Honey ◽  
C O'Loughlin ◽  
S R Sharar ◽  
D Kumaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Investigation of working memory networks for verbal and rhythmic stimuli

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Hoddinott ◽  
Dirk Schuit ◽  
Jessica A. Grahn
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Musical Rhythm ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Spontaneous Behavior ◽  
With Memory

AbstractAuditory working memory is often conceived of as a unitary capacity, with memory for different auditory materials (syllables, pitches, rhythms) thought to rely on similar neural mechanisms. One spontaneous behavior observed in working memory studies is ‘chunking’. For example, individuals often recount digit sequences in groups, or chunks, of 3 to 4 digits, and this chunking improves performance. Chunking may also operate in musical rhythm, with beats acting as chunk boundaries for tones in rhythmic sequences. Similar to chunking, beat-based structure in rhythms also improves performance. Thus, beat processing may rely on the same mechanisms that underlie chunking of verbal material. The current fMRI study examined whether beat perception is a type of chunking, measuring brain responses to chunked and unchunked letter sequences relative to beat-based and nonbeat-based rhythmic sequences. Participants completed a sequence discrimination task, and comparisons between stimulus encoding, maintenance, and discrimination were made for both rhythmic and verbal sequences. Overall, rhythm and verbal working memory networks overlapped substantially. When comparing rhythmic and verbal conditions, rhythms activated basal ganglia, supplementary motor area, and anterior insula, compared to letter strings, during encoding and discrimination. Letter strings compared to rhythms activated bilateral auditory cortex during encoding, and parietal cortex, precuneus, and middle frontal gyri during discrimination. Importantly, there was a significant interaction in the basal ganglia during encoding: activation for beat-based rhythms was greater than for nonbeat-based rhythms, but verbal chunked and unchunked conditions did not differ. The significant interaction indicates that beat perception is not simply a case of chunking, suggesting a dissociation between beat processing and grouping mechanisms that warrants further exploration.

Demand of monitoring process in working memory task affects the brain activity in the following retrieval task: An fMRI study

NeuroImage ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. S382
Author(s):  
T. Takahashi ◽  
R. Xiao ◽  
M. Inase ◽  
T. Tsukiura ◽  
M. Sugiura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Retrieval Task ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
The Brain

Increased neuronal activation and cognitive performance by detemir as compared to human insulin upon a working memory task – an fMRI study

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Willenborg ◽  
M Nagel ◽  
K Jauch-Chara ◽  
C Erdmann ◽  
H Lehnert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Human Insulin ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Neuronal Activation ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Working memory task induced neural activation: a simultaneous PET/fMRI study

NeuroImage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 118131
Author(s):  
Isabelle KD Ripp ◽  
Lara A Wallenwein ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Monica Emch ◽  
Kathrin Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Sex-Related Differences in White Matter Asymmetry and Its Implications for Verbal Working Memory in Psychosis High-Risk State

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Steinmann ◽  
Amanda E. Lyall ◽  
Mina Langhein ◽  
Felix L. Nägele ◽  
Jonas Rauh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
White Matter ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Unscented Kalman Filter ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Related Area ◽  
Laterality Index ◽  
The Brain

Objective: Sexual dimorphism has been investigated in schizophrenia, although sex-specific differences among individuals who are at clinical high-risk (CHR) for developing psychosis have been inconclusive. This study aims to characterize sexual dimorphism of language areas in the brain by investigating the asymmetry of four white matter tracts relevant to verbal working memory in CHR patients compared to healthy controls (HC). HC typically show a leftward asymmetry of these tracts. Moreover, structural abnormalities in asymmetry and verbal working memory dysfunctions have been associated with neurodevelopmental abnormalities and are considered core features of schizophrenia.Methods: Twenty-nine subjects with CHR (17 female/12 male) for developing psychosis and twenty-one HC (11 female/10 male) matched for age, sex, and education were included in the study. Two-tensor unscented Kalman filter tractography, followed by an automated, atlas-guided fiber clustering approach, were used to identify four fiber tracts related to verbal working memory: the superior longitudinal fasciculi (SLF) I, II and III, and the superior occipitofrontal fasciculus (SOFF). Using fractional anisotropy (FA) of tissue as the primary measure, we calculated the laterality index for each tract.Results: There was a significantly greater right>left asymmetry of the SLF-III in CHR females compared to HC females, but no hemispheric difference between CHR vs. HC males. Moreover, the laterality index of SLF-III for CHR females correlated negatively with Backward Digit Span performance, suggesting a greater rightward asymmetry was associated with poorer working memory functioning.Conclusion: This study suggests increased rightward asymmetry of the SLF-III in CHR females. This finding of sexual dimorphism in white matter asymmetry in a language-related area of the brain in CHR highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the role of sex in the high-risk state. Future work investigating early sex-specific pathophysiological mechanisms, may lead to the development of novel personalized treatment strategies aimed at preventing transition to a more chronic and difficult-to-treat disorder.

Verbal Working Memory Task

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gottardo ◽  
Keith E. Stanovich ◽  
Linda S. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Verbal Working Memory

Comparison of diffusion-weighted fMRI and BOLD fMRI responses in a verbal working memory task

NeuroImage ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Aso ◽  
Shin-ichi Urayama ◽  
Hidenao Fukuyama ◽  
Denis Le Bihan
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Bold Fmri ◽  
Diffusion Weighted

The functional neuroanatomy of schizophrenic subsyndromes

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1007-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. HONEY ◽  
T. SHARMA ◽  
J. SUCKLING ◽  
V. GIAMPIETRO ◽  
W. SONI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Functional Neuroanatomy ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Negatively Associated

Background. There is considerable variability between patients in their expression of the diverse range of symptoms encompassed by the syndrome of schizophrenia, which may modulate functional activation to cognitive processing.Method. Here we investigate associations between schizophrenic subsyndrome scores, identified by factor analysis, and experimentally controlled brain activation. Five factors were defined by rotated principal components analysis of PANSS rating scale measurements in 100 patients with schizophrenia. A subsample of 30 patients and a group of 27 comparison subjects were studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the performance of two periodically designed cognitive activation experiments: verbal working memory and psychomotor sequencing.Results. Factor analysis replicated the five dimensions consistently reported. Within the patient group, power of activation by working memory was negatively associated with global symptom severity in left lingual and temporo-parietal cortices; negatively associated with positive subsyndrome scores in left inferior frontal and superior temporal cortices and basal ganglia; and positively associated with negative subsyndrome scores in lateral and medial premotor cortex. No relationship was observed between subsyndrome scores and functional activation during the motor task. Between-group comparisons demonstrated reduced power of response to the working memory task by patients in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal and left pre- and post-central cortices.Conclusions. In this study we observed task-specific modulation of functional response associated with symptom expression in schizophrenia. Our findings are compatible with previous empirical findings and theoretical conceptualization of human brain function, in terms of capacity constraints on activation in the face of competing demands from pathological and task-related cognitive activity.

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