scholarly journals A novel gene cluster allows preferential utilization of fucosylated milk oligosaccharides in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum SC596

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Garrido ◽  
Santiago Ruiz-Moyano ◽  
Nina Kirmiz ◽  
Jasmine C. Davis ◽  
Sarah M. Totten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Novel Gene ◽  
Preferential Utilization

scholarly journals Characterization of a novel 3-O-α-D-galactosyl-α-L-arabinofuranosidase for the assimilation of gum arabic AGP in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Sasaki ◽  
Ayako Horigome ◽  
Toshitaka Odamaki ◽  
Jin-Zhong Xiao ◽  
Akihiro Ishiwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolase Family ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Degradative Enzymes

Gum arabic arabinogalactan (AG) protein (AGP) is a unique dietary fiber that is degraded and assimilated by only specific strains of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum. Here, we identified a novel 3-O-α-d-galactosyl-α-l-arabinofuranosidase (GAfase) from B. longum JCM7052, and classified it into the glycoside hydrolase family 39 (GH39). GAfase released α-d-Galp-(1→3)-l-Ara and β-l-Arap-(1→3)-l-Ara from gum arabic AGP and β-l-Arap-(1→3)-l-Ara from larch AGP, and the α-d-Galp-(1→3)-l-Ara release activity was found to be 594-fold higher than that of β-l-Arap-(1→3)-l-Ara. The GAfase gene was part of a gene cluster that included genes encoding a GH36 α-galactosidase candidate and ABC transporters for the assimilation of the released α-d-Galp-(1→3)-l-Ara in B. longum. Notably, when α-d-Galp-(1→3)-l-Ara was removed from gum arabic AGP, it was assimilated by both B. longum JCM7052 and the non-assimilative B. longum JCM1217, suggesting that the removal of α-d-Galp-(1→3)-l-Ara from gum arabic AGP by GAfase permitted the cooperative action with type-II AG degradative enzymes in B. longum. The present study provides new insight into the mechanism of gum arabic AGP degradation in B. longum. IMPORTANCE Bifidobacteria harbor numerous carbohydrate-active enzymes that degrade several dietary fibers in the gastrointestinal tract. B. longum JCM7052 is known to exhibit the ability to assimilate gum arabic AGP, but the key enzyme involved in the degradation of gum arabic AGP remains unidentified. Here, we cloned and characterized a GH39 3-O-α-d-galactosyl-α-l-arabinofuranosidase (GAfase) from B. longum JCM7052. The enzyme was responsible for the release of α-d-Galp-(1→3)-l-Ara and β-l-Arap-(1→3)-l-Ara from gum arabic AGP. The presence of a gene cluster including the GAfase gene is specifically observed in gum arabic AGP assimilative strains. However, GAfase-carrier strains may affect GAfase-noncarrier strains that express other type-II AG degradative enzymes. These findings provide insights into the bifidogenic effect of gum arabic AGP.

scholarly journals Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697 and Goat Milk Oligosaccharides Show Synergism In Vitro as Anti-Infectives against Campylobacter jejuni

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erinn M. Quinn ◽  
Helen Slattery ◽  
Dan Walsh ◽  
Lokesh Joshi ◽  
Rita M. Hickey
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Bifidobacterium Strain ◽  
Ht 29 ◽  
Human Intestinal Cells

Bifidobacteria are known to inhibit, compete with and displace the adhesion of pathogens to human intestinal cells. Previously, we demonstrated that goat milk oligosaccharides (GMO) increased the attachment of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697 to intestinal cells in vitro. In this study, we aimed to exploit this effect as a mechanism for inhibiting pathogen association with intestinal cells. We examined the synergistic effect of GMO-treated B. infantis on preventing the attachment of a highly invasive strain of Campylobacter jejuni to intestinal HT-29 cells. The combination decreased the adherence of C. jejuni to the HT-29 cells by an average of 42% compared to the control (non-GMO treated B. infantis). Increasing the incubation time of the GMO with the Bifidobacterium strain resulted in the strain metabolizing the GMO, correlating with a subsequent 104% increase in growth over a 24 h period when compared to the control. Metabolite analysis in the 24 h period also revealed increased production of acetate, lactate, formate and ethanol by GMO-treated B. infantis. Statistically significant changes in the GMO profile were also demonstrated over the 24 h period, indicating that the strain was digesting certain structures within the pool such as lactose, lacto-N-neotetraose, lacto-N-neohexaose 3′-sialyllactose, 6′-sialyllactose, sialyllacto-N-neotetraose c and disialyllactose. It may be that early exposure to GMO modulates the adhesion of B. infantis while carbohydrate utilisation becomes more important after the bacteria have transiently colonised the host cells in adequate numbers. This study builds a strong case for the use of synbiotics that incorporate oligosaccharides sourced from goat′s milk and probiotic bifidobacteria in functional foods, particularly considering the growing popularity of formulas based on goat milk.

scholarly journals Release and utilization of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine from human milk oligosaccharides by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis

Anaerobe ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Garrido ◽  
Santiago Ruiz-Moyano ◽  
David A. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides

scholarly journals A Novel Gene Cluster Including theRhodococcus rhodochrousJ1nhlBAGenes Encoding a Low Molecular Mass Nitrile Hydratase (L-NHase) Induced by Its Reaction Product

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (26) ◽  
pp. 15796-15802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenobu Komeda ◽  
Michihiko Kobayashi ◽  
Sakayu Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Nitrile Hydratase ◽  
Novel Gene

scholarly journals Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis uses two different β-galactosidases for selectively degrading type-1 and type-2 human milk oligosaccharides

Glycobiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erina Yoshida ◽  
Haruko Sakurama ◽  
Masashi Kiyohara ◽  
Masahiro Nakajima ◽  
Motomitsu Kitaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides

scholarly journals Novel Structural Elements within the NonproteolyticClostridium botulinumType F Toxin Gene Cluster

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1904-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Dover ◽  
J. R. Barash ◽  
K. K. Hill ◽  
J. C. Detter ◽  
S. S. Arnon
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Novel Gene ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTWe sequenced for the first time the complete neurotoxin gene cluster of a nonproteolyticClostridium botulinumtype F. The neurotoxin gene cluster contained a novel gene arrangement that, compared to otherC. botulinumneurotoxin gene clusters, lacked the regulatorybotRgene and contained an intergeniciselement between itsorfX2andorfX3genes.

scholarly journals Circulating Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Genetic Association Study Identifies a Novel Gene Cluster Associated With Stroke in Whites

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen L. Pereira ◽  
Nirubol Tosakulwong ◽  
Christopher G. Scott ◽  
Gregory D. Jenkins ◽  
Naresh Prodduturi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Genetic Association ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Genetic Association Study ◽  
Novel Gene ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

scholarly journals Variation in Consumption of Human Milk Oligosaccharides by Infant Gut-Associated Strains of Bifidobacterium breve

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (19) ◽  
pp. 6040-6049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Ruiz-Moyano ◽  
Sarah M. Totten ◽  
Daniel A. Garrido ◽  
Jennifer T. Smilowitz ◽  
J. Bruce German ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Glycosyl Hydrolase ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Infant Feces ◽  
Breast Fed

ABSTRACTHuman milk contains a high concentration of complex oligosaccharides that influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota in breast-fed infants. Previous studies have indicated that select species such asBifidobacterium longumsubsp.infantisandBifidobacterium bifidumcan utilize human milk oligosaccharides (HMO)in vitroas the sole carbon source, while the relatively fewB. longumsubsp.longumandBifidobacterium breveisolates tested appear less adapted to these substrates. Considering the high frequency at whichB. breveis isolated from breast-fed infant feces, we postulated that someB. brevestrains can more vigorously consume HMO and thus are enriched in the breast-fed infant gastrointestinal tract. To examine this, a number ofB. breveisolates from breast-fed infant feces were characterized for the presence of different glycosyl hydrolases that participate in HMO utilization, as well as by their ability to grow on HMO or specific HMO species such as lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and fucosyllactose. AllB. brevestrains showed high levels of growth on LNT and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), and, in general, growth on total HMO was moderate for most of the strains, with several strain differences. Growth and consumption of fucosylated HMO were strain dependent, mostly in isolates possessing a glycosyl hydrolase family 29 α-fucosidase. Glycoprofiling of the spent supernatant after HMO fermentation by select strains revealed that allB. brevestrains can utilize sialylated HMO to a certain extent, especially sialyl-lacto-N-tetraose. Interestingly, this specific oligosaccharide was depleted before neutral LNT by strain SC95. In aggregate, this work indicates that the HMO consumption phenotype inB. breveis variable; however, some strains display specific adaptations to these substrates, enabling more vigorous consumption of fucosylated and sialylated HMO. These results provide a rationale for the predominance of this species in breast-fed infant feces and contribute to a more accurate picture of the ecology of the developing infant intestinal microbiota.

scholarly journals Regulatory role of tetR gene in a novel gene cluster of Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae RS-1 under oxidative stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Liu ◽  
Chun-Lan Yang ◽  
Meng-Yu Ge ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Novel Gene
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