An HPLC/ICPMS study of the stability of selenosugars in human urine: implications for quantification, sample handling, and storage

Catecholamines can be used to evaluate neuroendocrine tumors, stress, and potentially pain, but catecholamines degrade rapidly. Their metabolites normetanephrine (NME) and metanephrine (ME) have better stability in urine. In cats, urine sampling in a home environment would be beneficial to reduce effects of clinical stress and simplify sampling. We evaluated a human urine ELISA for analysis of NME and ME in feline urine, and investigated the effects of acidification, cat tray pellets, and storage time at room temperature up to 8.5 h. In 26 feline urine samples, mean NME concentration was 192 ± 80 ng/mL, mean intra- and inter-assay CV was 6.5% and 4.2%, respectively, and spike recovery was 98–101%, but dilutional recovery was unsatisfactory. For ME, mean intra- and inter-assay CV was 10.2% and 4.1%, respectively. Mean urine ME concentration was 32.1 ± 18.3 ng/mL, close to the kit’s lowest standard, and spike recovery was 65–90%; the ELISA could not be validated for ME. The stability study, performed for NME on 12 urine samples, did not identify differences between acidified and non-acidified samples, cat tray pellets, or storage time, and no interaction effects. The ME ELISA was not suitable for feline urine; performance of the NME ELISA was acceptable, except for dilution recovery. For analysis of NME, feline urine can be sampled at home using cat tray pellets and stored at room temperature up to 8.5 h without acidification.

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Sample Preparation and Storage Can Change Arsenic Speciation in Human Urine

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/45.11.1988 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 45 (11) ◽

pp. 1988-1997 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Jörg Feldmann ◽

Vivian W-M Lai ◽

William R Cullen ◽

Mingsheng Ma ◽

Xiufen Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Urine ◽

Arsenic Speciation ◽

Speciation Analysis ◽

Arsenic Species ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽

Detection Techniques ◽

Monomethylarsonic Acid ◽

The Stability ◽

And Storage

Abstract Background: Stability of chemical speciation during sample handling and storage is a prerequisite to obtaining reliable results of trace element speciation analysis. There is no comprehensive information on the stability of common arsenic species, such as inorganic arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], monomethylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, and arsenobetaine, in human urine. Methods: We compared the effects of the following storage conditions on the stability of these arsenic species: temperature (25, 4, and −20 °C), storage time (1, 2, 4, and 8 months), and the use of additives (HCl, sodium azide, benzoic acid, benzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and cetylpyridinium chloride). HPLC with both inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and hydride generation atomic fluorescence detection techniques were used for the speciation of arsenic. Results: We found that all five of the arsenic species were stable for up to 2 months when urine samples were stored at 4 and −20 °C without any additives. For longer period of storage (4 and 8 months), the stability of arsenic species was dependent on urine matrices. Whereas the arsenic speciation in some urine samples was stable for the entire 8 months at both 4 and −20 °C, other urine samples stored under identical conditions showed substantial changes in the concentration of As(III), As(V), monomethylarsonic acid, and dimethylarsinic acid. The use of additives did not improve the stability of arsenic speciation in urine. The addition of 0.1 mol/L HCl (final concentration) to urine samples produced relative changes in inorganic As(III) and As(V) concentrations. Conclusions: Low temperature (4 and −20 °C) conditions are suitable for the storage of urine samples for up to 2 months. Untreated samples maintain their concentration of arsenic species, and additives have no particular benefit. Strong acidification is not appropriate for speciation analysis.

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Preparation, Stabilization and Some Properties of Purified Human Plasmin*

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1654807 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 075-084 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel L Kline ◽

Jacob B Fishman ◽

Keyword(s):

Plasminogen Activator ◽

Stable Form ◽

Neutral Ph ◽

The Stability ◽

And Storage

Summary1. Lysine increased the solubility, decreased the SK requirement and increased the stability of plasmin prepared from purified plasminogen by SK activation.2. A procedure is presented for the rapid and quantitative conversion of plasminogen to plasmin and storage of the plasmin in stable form at neutral pH as a lyophilized powder.3. Approximately 10% for the plasminogen molecule was split off during its activation. No carbohydrate was lost.4. The plasmin isolated was homogeneous in the ultracentrifuge at pH 2.5 and was quantitatively convertible to plasminogen activator by the addition of SK.

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Evaluation of the quality and the stability of human samples for analysis and storage in biorepository

Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas ◽

10.21877/2448-3877.201800637 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Leonardo André Lange ◽

Caroline Galgowski ◽

Anna Cecília Roncalio ◽

Fabiana Sehnem ◽

Grabriela Borgmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Samples ◽

The Stability ◽

And Storage

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Effect of pH and temperature on the infectivity of human coronavirus 229E

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m89-160 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 972-974 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Alain Lamarre ◽

Pierre J. Talbot

Keyword(s):

Incubation Period ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Viral Infectivity ◽

Human Coronavirus ◽

Virus Growth ◽

The Stability ◽

And Storage ◽

Influence Of Ph ◽

Human Coronavirus 229E

The stability of human coronavirus 229E infectivity was maximum at pH 6.0 when incubated at either 4 or 33 °C. However, the influence of pH was more pronounced at 33 °C. Viral infectivity was completely lost after a 14-day incubation period at 22, 33, or 37 °C but remained relatively constant at 4 °C for the same length of time. Finally, the infectious titer did not show any significant reduction when subjected to 25 cycles of thawing and freezing. These studies will contribute to optimize virus growth and storage conditions, which will facilitate the molecular characterization of this important pathogen.Key words: coronavirus, pH, temperature, infectivity, human coronavirus.

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Pre-Drawn Syringes of Comirnaty for an Efficient COVID-19 Mass Vaccination: Demonstration of Stability

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13071029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1029

Author(s):

Francesca Selmin ◽

Umberto M. Musazzi ◽

Silvia Franzè ◽

Edoardo Scarpa ◽

Loris Rizzello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Stress ◽

Real Life ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Lipid Nanoparticles ◽

Mass Vaccination ◽

Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽

The Us ◽

Real Mass ◽

The Stability ◽

And Storage

Moving towards a real mass vaccination in the context of COVID-19, healthcare professionals are required to face some criticisms due to limited data on the stability of a mRNA-based vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine in the US or Comirnaty in EU) as a dose in a 1 mL-syringe. The stability of the lipid nanoparticles and the encapsulated mRNA was evaluated in a “real-life” scenario. Specifically, we investigated the effects of different storing materials (e.g., syringes vs. glass vials), as well as of temperature and mechanical stress on nucleic acid integrity, number, and particle size distribution of lipid nanoparticles. After 5 h in the syringe, lipid nanoparticles maintained the regular round shape, and the hydrodynamic diameter ranged between 80 and 100 nm with a relatively narrow polydispersity (<0.2). Samples were stable independently of syringe materials and storage conditions. Only strong mechanical stress (e.g., shaking) caused massive aggregation of lipid nanoparticles and mRNA degradation. These proof-of-concept experiments support the hypothesis that vaccine doses can be safely prepared in a dedicated area using an aseptic technique and transferred without affecting their stability.

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AN ADVANCED ADAPTIVE FINITE ELEMENT CODE APPLIED FOR COATING-SUBSTRATE SIMULATION

Journal of Multiscale Modelling ◽

10.1142/s1756973711000376 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 03 (01n02) ◽

pp. 91-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

JÜRGEN LEOPOLD ◽

KATRIN HELLER ◽

ARNDT MEYER ◽

REINER WOHLGEMUTH

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Fe Simulation ◽

Scale Up ◽

Computational Time ◽

Adaptive Finite Element ◽

Workpiece Surface ◽

Coated Tools ◽

Geometrical Simulation ◽

The Stability ◽

And Storage

The stability of coating-substrate systems influences the chip formation and the surface integrity of the new generated workpiece surface, too. Using finite element (FE) simulation, deformations, strains and stresses in coated tools, caused by external and internal loads, can be computed on a microscopic scale. Since both, the whole macroscopic tool (in mm-scale) and the microscopic coating layers (in μm-scale up to nm-scale) must be included in the same geometrical simulation model, graded high-resolution FE meshes must be used. Nevertheless, the number of nodes in the 3D computational FE grid reaches some millions, leading to large computational time and storage requirements. For this reason, an advanced adaptive finite element (AAFEM) software has been developed and used for the simulation.

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Effects of heat treatment and storage temperature on the use of açaí drink by nutraceutical and beverage industries

Food Science and Technology ◽

10.1590/s0101-20612012005000026 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tatiane Regina Albarici ◽

José Dalton Cruz Pessoa

Keyword(s):

Temperature Effect ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Life Time ◽

Reaction Rate Constant ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

First Order ◽

The Stability ◽

And Storage ◽

Anthocyanin Degradation

This study assesses the storage temperature effect on the anthocyanins of pasteurized and unpasteurized açaí pulp. The data was obtained using a pasteurized and lyophilized pulp (PLP) to evaluate the temperature effect (0, 25, and 40 °C). Part of non-pasteurized frozen pulp (NPP) was pasteurized (NPP-P) at 90 °C for 30 seconds; both pulps were stored at 40 °C. The anthocyanin content reduction in the drink was evaluated from the half-life time (t1/2), activation energy (Ea), temperature quotient (Q10), and the reaction rate constant (k). The t1/2 of the PLP anthocyanins stored at 40 °C was 1.8 times less than that stored at 25 °C and 15 times less than that stored at 0 °C; therefore, the higher temperatures decreased the stability of anthocyanins. The pasteurization increased the t1/2 by 6.6 times (10.14 hours for NPP and 67.28 hours for NPP-P). The anthocyanin degradation on NPP-P followed a first order kinetic, while NPP followed a second order kinetic; thus it can be said that the pasteurization process can improve the preservation of anthocyanins in the pulp.

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Morphology, Stability, and Application of Lycopene Microcapsules Produced by Complex Coacervation

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/982603 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Glaucia A. Rocha-Selmi ◽

Carmen S. Favaro-Trindade ◽

Carlos R. F. Grosso

Keyword(s):

Encapsulation Efficiency ◽

Gum Arabic ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Stability Test ◽

Free Form ◽

Complex Coacervation ◽

The Stability ◽

Processing And Storage ◽

High Degree ◽

And Storage

The interest in lycopene has increased in recent years due to studies that associate it with the reduction in risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cancer. However, due to its high degree of unsaturation, this carotenoid is inclined to isomerize and oxidize during processing and storage, making it difficult to use in the food industry. Microencapsulation can improve this situation, increasing its stability and making incorporation into food formulations possible. Thus, the aim of this study was to microencapsulate lycopene by complex coacervation using gelatin and gum Arabic as the encapsulating agents. The microcapsules were evaluated based on the encapsulation efficiency and their morphology and then submitted to a stability test and applied in cake making. Most of the systems studied presented spherical microcapsules with defined walls. The encapsulation efficiency values were above 90%, and the average diameter of the capsules ranged from 61 to 144 μm. The stability test showed that microencapsulation offered greater protection to the lycopene as compared to its free form. The application of nonfreeze dried coacervated microcapsules in cake making was satisfactory, but the color transference was low when freezedried coacervated microcapsules were used.

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