The hydrogen bond – practice and QTAIM theory

AbstractWavelet analysis was employed to identify the major frequencies of low-frequency waves present in the Martian magnetosheath. The Morlet wavelet transform was selected and applied to the electron density data, obtained from the Analyzer of Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms experiment (ASPERA-3), onboard the Mars Express (MEX) spacecraft. We have selected magnetosheath crossings and analyzed electron density data. From a preliminary study of 502 magnetosheath crossings (observed during the year of 2005), we have found 1409 periods between 0.005 and 0.06Hz. The major frequencies observed were in the range 0.005-0.02 Hz with 58.5% of the 1409 frequencies identified.

Download Full-text

Identifying possible Stratification phenomenon in ionospheric F2 Layer using the data observed by the Demeter satellite: Method and Results

10.5194/angeo-2019-55 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Xiuying Wang ◽

Dehe Yang ◽

Dapeng Liu ◽

Wei Chu

Keyword(s):

Statistical Method ◽

Electron Density ◽

Langmuir Probe ◽

Geomagnetic Equator ◽

Density Data ◽

Demeter Satellite ◽

Summer Hemisphere ◽

First Time ◽

Different Altitudes

Abstract. Many studies have revealed the stratification phenomenon of the topside ionospheric F2 layer using ground-based or satellite-based ionograms, which can show direct signs of this phenomenon. However, it is difficult to identify this phenomenon using the satellite-based in situ electron density data. Therefore, a statistical method, using the shuffle resampling skill, is adopted in this paper. For the first time, in situ electron density data, recorded by the same Langmuir probe onboard the Demeter satellite at different altitudes, are analyzed and a possible stratification phenomenon is identified using the proposed method. Our results show that the nighttime stratification, possibly a permanent phenomenon, can cover most longitudes near the geomagnetic equator, which is not found from the daytime data. The arch-like nighttime stratification decreases slowly on the summer hemisphere and thus extends a larger latitudinal distance from the geomagnetic equator. All results, obtained by the proposed method, indicate that the stratification phenomenon is more complex than what has previously been found. The proposed method thus is an effective one, which can also be used on similar studies of comparing fluctuated data.

Download Full-text

Identifying a possible stratification phenomenon in ionospheric F2 layer using the data observed by the DEMETER satellite: method and results

Annales Geophysicae ◽

10.5194/angeo-37-645-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 645-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiuying Wang ◽

Dehe Yang ◽

Dapeng Liu ◽

Wei Chu

Keyword(s):

Electron Density ◽

Langmuir Probe ◽

Geomagnetic Equator ◽

Density Data ◽

Demeter Satellite ◽

Summer Hemisphere ◽

Electro Magnetic ◽

First Time ◽

Different Altitudes

Abstract. Many studies have revealed the stratification phenomenon of the topside ionospheric F2 layer using ground-based or satellite-based ionograms, which can show direct signs of this phenomenon. However, it is difficult to identify this phenomenon using the satellite-based in situ electron density data. Therefore, a statistical method, using the shuffle resampling skill, is adopted in this paper. For the first time, in situ electron density data, recorded by the same Langmuir probe aboard the DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emission Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) satellite at different altitudes, are analyzed, and a possible stratification phenomenon is identified using the proposed method. Our results show that the nighttime stratification, possibly a permanent phenomenon, can cover most longitudes near the geomagnetic equator, which is not found from the daytime data. The arch-like nighttime stratification decreases slowly on the summer hemisphere and thus extends a larger latitudinal distance from the geomagnetic equator. All results, obtained by the proposed method, indicate that the stratification phenomenon is more complex than what has previously been found. The proposed method is thus an effective one, which can also be used in similar studies of comparing fluctuated data.

Download Full-text

Wavelet-based analysis and power law classification of C/NOFS high-resolution electron density data

Radio Science ◽

10.1002/2013rs005272 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 49 (8) ◽

pp. 680-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. L. Rino ◽

C. S. Carrano ◽

Patrick Roddy

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Electron Density ◽

Power Law ◽

Density Data ◽

Resolution Electron

Download Full-text

Magnetic Field and Electron Density Data Analysis from Swarm Satellites Searching for Ionospheric Effects by Great Earthquakes: 12 Case Studies from 2014 to 2016

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos10070371 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 371 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Angelo De Santis ◽

Dedalo Marchetti ◽

Luca Spogli ◽

Gianfranco Cianchini ◽

F. Javier Pavón-Carrasco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Electron Density ◽

Geomagnetic Latitude ◽

Statistical Correlation ◽

Satellite Mission ◽

Strong Earthquakes ◽

Density Data ◽

Ionospheric Effects ◽

Swarm Satellites ◽

Swarm Satellite

We analyse Swarm satellite magnetic field and electron density data one month before and one month after 12 strong earthquakes that have occurred in the first 2.5 years of Swarm satellite mission lifetime in the Mediterranean region (magnitude M6.1+) or in the rest of the world (M6.7+). The search for anomalies was limited to the area centred at each earthquake epicentre and bounded by a circle that scales with magnitude according to the Dobrovolsky’s radius. We define the magnetic and electron density anomalies statistically in terms of specific thresholds with respect to the same statistical quantity along the whole residual satellite track (|geomagnetic latitude| ≤ 50°, quiet geomagnetic conditions). Once normalized by the analysed satellite tracks, the anomalies associated to all earthquakes resemble a linear dependence with earthquake magnitude, so supporting the statistical correlation with earthquakes and excluding a relationship by chance.

Download Full-text

Analysis of the IMAGE RPI electron density data and CHAMP plasmasphere electron density reconstructions with focus on plasmasphere modelling

Advances in Space Research ◽

10.1016/j.asr.2016.05.031 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 856-866 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Gerzen ◽

J. Feltens ◽

N. Jakowski ◽

I. Galkin ◽

B. Reinisch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Density ◽

Density Data

Download Full-text

Ionospheric variations before some large earthquakes over Sumatra

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-11-597-2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 597-611 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

A. M. Hasbi ◽

M. A. Mohd Ali ◽

N. Misran

Keyword(s):

Electron Density ◽

Earthquake Epicenter ◽

Equatorial Anomaly ◽

Density Data ◽

Density Measurements ◽

Champ Satellite ◽

Density Analysis ◽

Large Earthquakes ◽

Electron Density Analysis ◽

Champ Data

Abstract. The paper investigates the ionospheric variations before some large earthquakes that occurred during 2004–2007 in Sumatra using GPS and CHAMP data. The TEC shows the occurrence of positive and negative anomalies detected within a few hours to 6 days before the earthquakes. These anomalies mostly occur during the daytime hours between 4 and 17 LT. The TEC anomalies are mostly consistent with the CHAMP satellite electron density data. The electron density analysis over the 28 March 2005 earthquake epicenter shows that an equatorial anomaly modification took place a few days before the event. The modification took shape in the form of crest amplification during the daytime. The comparison between the TEC and electron density measurements during very quiet geomagnetic conditions is shown to be a useful indicator of a forthcoming earthquake.

Download Full-text