scholarly journals Simulations of cellulose translocation in the bacterial cellulose synthase suggest a regulatory mechanism for the dimeric structure of cellulose

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3108-3116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon C. Knott ◽  
Michael F. Crowley ◽  
Michael E. Himmel ◽  
Jochen Zimmer ◽  
Gregg T. Beckham
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Molecular Simulations ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Cellulose Structure ◽  
Dimeric Structure ◽  
Rate Limiting

In addition to suggesting a mechanism for regulating cellulose structure, molecular simulations indicate translocation is not rate-limiting for cellulose biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Cloning of upstream region and cellulose synthase operon genes involved in bacterial cellulose biosynthesis by Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC23769

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Véspoli de Melo ◽  
Tatiana Souza-Moreira ◽  
Sandro Roberto Valentini ◽  
Cleslei Fernando Zanelli ◽  
Sidney José Lima Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Hansenii

scholarly journals Investigation of Bacterial Cellulose Biosynthesis Mechanism in Gluconoacetobacter hansenii

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavna V. Mohite ◽  
Satish V. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Membrane Fraction ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Free Enzyme ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Native Gel

The present study explores the mechanism of cellulose biosynthesis in Gluconoacetobacter hansenii. The cellulose synthase enzyme was purified as membrane fraction and solubilized by treatment with 0.1% digitonin. The enzyme was separated by native-gel electrophoresis and β-D-glucan analysis was carried out using in vitro gel assay. The cellulose synthase has glycoprotein nature and composed two polypeptide subunits of 93 KDa and 85 KDa. The confirmation of β-1,4-glucan (cellulose) was performed in whole and hydrolyzed monomeric sugar form. Tinopal and Congo red were used for cellulose detection on the gel. Thus the in vitro cellulose synthesis assay with cell free enzyme fraction was attempted to improve the understanding of cellulose biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Inhibition of cell expansion enhances cortical microtubule stability in the root apex of Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Giourieva ◽  
Emmanuel Panteris
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Cortical Microtubule ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Cortical Microtubules ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Microtubule Stability

Abstract Background Cortical microtubules regulate cell expansion by determining cellulose microfibril orientation in the root apex of Arabidopsis thaliana. While the regulation of cell wall properties by cortical microtubules is well studied, the data on the influence of cell wall to cortical microtubule organization and stability remain scarce. Studies on cellulose biosynthesis mutants revealed that cortical microtubules depend on Cellulose Synthase A (CESA) function and/or cell expansion. Furthermore, it has been reported that cortical microtubules in cellulose-deficient mutants are hypersensitive to oryzalin. In this work, the persistence of cortical microtubules against anti-microtubule treatment was thoroughly studied in the roots of several cesa mutants, namely thanatos, mre1, any1, prc1-1 and rsw1, and the Cellulose Synthase Interacting 1 protein (csi1) mutant pom2-4. In addition, various treatments with drugs affecting cell expansion were performed on wild-type roots. Whole mount tubulin immunolabeling was applied in the above roots and observations were performed by confocal microscopy. Results Cortical microtubules in all mutants showed statistically significant increased persistence against anti-microtubule drugs, compared to those of the wild-type. Furthermore, to examine if the enhanced stability of cortical microtubules was due to reduced cellulose biosynthesis or to suppression of cell expansion, treatments of wild-type roots with 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB) and Congo red were performed. After these treatments, cortical microtubules appeared more resistant to oryzalin, than in the control. Conclusions According to these findings, it may be concluded that inhibition of cell expansion, irrespective of the cause, results in increased microtubule stability in A. thaliana root. In addition, cell expansion does not only rely on cortical microtubule orientation but also plays a regulatory role in microtubule dynamics, as well. Various hypotheses may explain the increased cortical microtubule stability under decreased cell expansion such as the role of cell wall sensors and the presence of less dynamic cortical microtubules.

scholarly journals Endosidin20 Targets the Cellulose Synthase Catalytic Domain to Inhibit Cellulose Biosynthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 2141-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Huang ◽  
Xiaohui Li ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Nolan Ung ◽  
Nana Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Domain ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis

Tailoring bacterial cellulose structure through CRISPR interference‐mediated downregulation of galU in Komagataeibacter xylinus CGMCC 2955

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 2165-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long‐Hui Huang ◽  
Qi‐Jing Liu ◽  
Xue‐Wen Sun ◽  
Xue‐Jing Li ◽  
Miao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Structure ◽  
Crispr Interference ◽  
Komagataeibacter Xylinus

scholarly journals Identification of a cellulose synthase-associated protein required for cellulose biosynthesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (29) ◽  
pp. 12866-12871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gu ◽  
N. Kaplinsky ◽  
M. Bringmann ◽  
A. Cobb ◽  
A. Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of aGluconacetobacter hanseniiATCC 23769 Isolate, AY201, Producer of Bacterial Cellulose and Important Model Organism for the Study of Cellulose Biosynthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Pfeffer ◽  
Kalpa Mehta ◽  
R. Malcolm Brown
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Hansenii

The cellulose producer and model organism used for the study of cellulose biosynthesis,Gluconacetobacter hanseniiAY201, is a variant ofG. hanseniiATCC 23769. We report here the complete nucleotide sequence ofG. hanseniiAY201, information which may be utilized to further the research into understanding the genes necessary for cellulose biosynthesis.

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