Increasing the triplet lifetime and extending the ground-state absorption of biscyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes for reverse saturable absorption and photodynamic therapy applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (41) ◽  
pp. 16366-16378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhe Wang ◽  
Levi Lystrom ◽  
Huimin Yin ◽  
Marc Hetu ◽  
Svetlana Kilina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Ground State Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Triplet Lifetime

Tuning the photophysics of cationic Ir(iii) complexes via π-expansive ligands dramatically impacts their applications as broadband reverse saturable absorbers and in photodynamic therapy and theranostics.

Nonunear Absorption in Phthalocyanines and Naphthalocyanines

1993 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Shirk ◽  
Steven R. Flom ◽  
J. R. Lindle ◽  
F. J. Bartoli ◽  
Arthur W. Snow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground State ◽  
Nonlinear Absorption ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Wavelength Dependence ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Ground State Absorption

ABSTRACTThe wavelength dependence of the nonlinear absorption for lead tetrakis (cumyl-phenoxy) phthalocyanine (PbPc(CP)4) and lead octa (α-pentoxy) napthalocyanine (PbNc(α-PO)8) are reported. The ground state absorption and the reverse saturable absorption are substantially red shifted in PbNc (α-PO)8 as expected. Such control over the reverse saturable absorption is crucial to design optical limiting materials for specific wavelength ranges.

Phosphorescence Studies of Reverse Saturable Absorption Materials

1999 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Pooler ◽  
C. M. Clark ◽  
S. M. Kirkpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Relative Energy ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Absorption And Emission ◽  
Host Polymer

AbstractPhosphorescence studies of reverse saturable absorption materials (RSA) are discussed. Absorption and emission measurements of an RSA material, specifically Zinc 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octabromo-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnOBP), are performed in a proprietary host polymer. Spectra are analyzed to estimate the relative energy level of the first triplet state of ZnOBP with respect to the ground state.

The high-order optical nonlinearity of 2,11,20,29-tetrabromo-2,3-naphthalocyanine iron

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (09n10) ◽  
pp. 863-867
Author(s):  
Wang Zhang ◽  
Chunying He ◽  
Lining Zhang ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Yijun Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Nonlinear Refraction ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
High Order ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Triplet Excited State ◽  
First Excited State

A novel naphthalocyanine 2,11,20,29-tetrabromo-2,3-naphthalocyanine iron was synthetized. Its optical nonlinearity was investigated using the Z-scan technique. Reverse saturable absorption and high-order optical nonlinear refraction were detected. The absorption cross sections of the ground state, the singlet first excited state and the triplet first excited state were fitted to be 3.2 × 10[Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text], 6.2 × 10[Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text] and 4.6 × 10[Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text], respectively. Fits also gave 1.17 × 10[Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text] for the refractive volume of the ground state, 0.6 for the ratio of the refractive volume of the singlet first excited state to the ground state and 2.7 for the ratio of refractive volume of the first triplet excited state to the ground state.

PICOSECOND REVERSE SATURABLE ABSORPTION AND OPTICAL LIMITING IN FULLERENES AND THEIR METAL DERIVATIVES

2000 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 505-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CALLAGHAN ◽  
W. J. BLAU ◽  
F. Z. HENARI
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Picosecond Pulses ◽  
Metal Derivatives ◽  
532 Nm

Investigations of the reverse saturable absorption behaviour of Fullerenes C 60 and C 70 and some of their Pt and Pd metal derivatives have been carried out with picosecond pulses at 532 nm. From intensity dependent transmission measurements, coupled with a population level kinetic analysis, excited state cross sections were determined for the materials. These show that C 60 possesses the largest excited state to ground state cross-section ratio and that, of the materials studied, it offers the best optical limiting ability around 532 nm. C 70, due to its large ground state absorption, has been shown not to be an efficient limiter. The metal derivatives perform better than C 70 but less efficiently than C 60.

BROADBAND OPTICAL LIMITING USING TANDEM FILTERS WITH MULTIPHOTON ABSORBER AND REVERSE SATURABLE ABSORBERS

2000 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. FENEYROU
Keyword(s):  
Optical Power ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Nonlinear Transmission ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Transient Spectroscopy ◽  
Limiting Efficiency ◽  
Optical Power Limiting

We report experimental results on a tin phthalocyanine: the nanosecond transient spectroscopy shows a reverse saturable absorption between 490–530 nm and 550–700 nm and the nonlinear transmission provides a better optical power limiting efficiency from 570 nm to 700 nm compared to C 60. This molecule is then combined in a tandem filter with a multiphoton absorber and a mixture of reverse saturable absorbers to achieve neutral-color broadband protection against ns pulses: the transmitted energy is clamped below 2 μ J throughout the visible.

scholarly journals Time-domain dynamics of reverse saturable absorbers with application to plasmon-enhanced optical limiters

Nanophotonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaimaa I. Azzam ◽  
Alexander V. Kildishev
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Metal Grating ◽  
Full Wave ◽  
Optical Limiters ◽  
Domain Dynamics

AbstractAn advanced full-wave time-domain numerical model for reverse saturable absorption (RSA) is presented and verified. Rate equations describing atomic relaxations and excitation dynamics are coupled to the Maxwell equations by using a Lorentzian oscillator, which models the kinetics-dependent light–matter interactions. The presented novel technique provides a versatile multiphysics framework for designing complex structures and integrating diverse material models that were not previously possible. The multiphysics framework allows capturing the behavior of the RSA materials embedded in artificial photonic nanostructures that cannot be analyzed with established techniques such as the Beer–Lambert law. To showcase the importance of the full-wave RSA analysis coupled to carrier kinetics, we analyze two plasmon-enhanced optical limiters: a metal grating and a Fabry–Perot cavity-like structure where we decrease the unenhanced limiter threshold by a factor of 3 and 13, respectively. This is a promising approach for developing RSA devices operating at reduced illumination levels and thereby significantly expanding their area of applicability to areas such as protective eyewear and automatically dimmed windows. By exploring the dynamic behavior of a given RSA system, this framework will provide critical insights into the design of transformative photonic devices and their complementary optical characterization, and serve as an invaluable utility for guiding the development of synthetic absorbing materials. We believe that our multiphysics models are crucial enabling tools that lay a necessary foundation for the numerical machinery required for the realization and optimization of optical limiting and all-optical switching systems.

scholarly journals Paradoxical combination of saturable absorption and reverse-saturable absorption in plasmon semiconductor nanocrystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1676-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangling Tian ◽  
Rongfei Wei ◽  
Dandan Yang ◽  
Jianrong Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Ground State ◽  
Semiconductor Nanocrystals ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Zno Nanocrystals ◽  
Doped Zno

The competition between plasma ground-state bleaching and three-photon absorption is demonstrated to be responsible for the transition between saturable absorption and reverse saturable absorption in aluminum-doped ZnO nanocrystals.

Reverse saturable Absorption in Organically Doped Xerogels

1997 ◽  
Vol 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brunel ◽  
F. Chaput ◽  
S. A. Vinogradov ◽  
B. Campagne ◽  
M. Canva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Nanosecond Laser Pulses

AbstractPd and Zn - tetraphenyltetrabenzoporphyrins (PdTPTBP and ZnTPTBP), hexacyanin 3 (HITCI), and substituted phthalocyanines were incorporated in solid-state matrices (xerogels) using a sol-gel process. Nonlinear reverse saturable absorption was observed with those materials when they were illuminated with nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm, or other wavelengths in the visible spectrum (between 450 nm and 630 nm). PdTPTBP doped xerogels exhibit a nonlinear activation threshold of about 10 mJ/cm , which is much lower than the value of 80 mJ/cm2 obtained under similar conditions with classical Al phthalocyanine chloride, or HITCI molecules. Solid state “red active” reverse saturable absorbers can be obtained with substituted phthalocyanines doped xerogels. The different experimental results are discussed using classical 4- energy level diagrams.

Heteroleptic cationic iridium(iii) complexes bearing phenanthroline derivatives with extended π-conjugation as potential broadband reverse saturable absorbers

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Peng Cui ◽  
Levi Lystrom ◽  
Jiapeng Lu ◽  
Svetlana Kilina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Excited State Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Diimine Ligand ◽  
532 Nm

Fluorenyl substitution at the diimine ligand broadened the excited-state absorption to near-IR, and enhanced reverse saturable absorption at 532 nm for the cationic Ir(iii) complexes.

scholarly journals Ultrafast mode-locking in highly stacked Ti3C2Tx MXenes for 1.9-μm infrared femtosecond pulsed lasers

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1741-1751
Author(s):  
Young In Jhon ◽  
Jinho Lee ◽  
Young Min Jhon ◽  
Ju Han Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Infrared Range ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Pulsed Lasers ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Layer Stacking

Abstract Metallic 2D materials can be promising saturable absorbers for ultrashort pulsed laser production in the long wavelength regime. However, preparing and manipulating their 2D structures without layer stacking have been nontrivial. Using a combined experimental and theoretical approach, we demonstrate here that a metallic titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx), the most popular MXene 2D material, can have excellent nonlinear saturable absorption properties even in a highly stacked state due to its intrinsically existing surface termination, and thus can produce mode-locked femtosecond pulsed lasers in the 1.9-μm infrared range. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the electronic and optical properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene can be well preserved against significant layer stacking. Indeed, it is experimentally shown that 1.914-μm femtosecond pulsed lasers with a duration of 897 fs are readily generated within a fiber cavity using hundreds-of-layer stacked Ti3C2Tx MXene saturable absorbers, not only being much easier to manufacture than mono- or few-layered ones, but also offering character-conserved tightly-assembled 2D materials for advanced performance. This work strongly suggests that as-obtained highly stacked Ti3C2Tx MXenes can serve as superb material platforms for versatile nanophotonic applications, paving the way toward cost-effective, high-performance photonic devices based on MXenes.

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