Hierarchically structured magnesium based oxides: synthesis strategies and applications in organic pollutant remediation

CrystEngComm ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (46) ◽  
pp. 6913-6926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekha Sharma ◽  
Rita Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Pollutant Remediation

In this highlight, we review the design and formation of MgO based hierarchical structures and cover some selected examples on their applications in adsorption of organic contaminants.

Multifunctional metal-organic frameworks in oil spills and associated organic pollutant remediation

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (34) ◽  
pp. 42346-42368
Author(s):  
Onome Ejeromedoghene ◽  
Olayinka Oderinde ◽  
Mengmeng Kang ◽  
Solomon Agbedor ◽  
Ajibola R. Faruwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Pollutant Remediation ◽  
Metal Organic

scholarly journals Biomimetics inspired surfaces for drag reduction and oleophobicity/philicity

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 66-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat Bhushan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Contact Angle Hysteresis ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Aquatic Animal ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Reduction Efficiency ◽  
Self Cleaning

The emerging field of biomimetics allows one to mimic biology or nature to develop nanomaterials, nanodevices, and processes which provide desirable properties. Hierarchical structures with dimensions of features ranging from the macroscale to the nanoscale are extremely common in nature and possess properties of interest. There are a large number of objects including bacteria, plants, land and aquatic animals, and seashells with properties of commercial interest. Certain plant leaves, such as lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaves, are known to be superhydrophobic and self-cleaning due to the hierarchical surface roughness and presence of a wax layer. In addition to a self-cleaning effect, these surfaces with a high contact angle and low contact angle hysteresis also exhibit low adhesion and drag reduction for fluid flow. An aquatic animal, such as a shark, is another model from nature for the reduction of drag in fluid flow. The artificial surfaces inspired from the shark skin and lotus leaf have been created, and in this article the influence of structure on drag reduction efficiency is reviewed. Biomimetic-inspired oleophobic surfaces can be used to prevent contamination of the underwater parts of ships by biological and organic contaminants, including oil. The article also reviews the wetting behavior of oil droplets on various superoleophobic surfaces created in the lab.

Simulating organic pollutant flows in urban stormwater: development and evaluation of a model for nonylphenols and phthalates

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Björklund ◽  
P. -A. Malmqvist ◽  
A. -M. Strömvall
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Emerging Organic Contaminants ◽  
Urban Catchments ◽  
High Uncertainty

Stormwater-quality models can be useful tools for predicting pollutant loads and identifying sources of contamination. Most models in current use handle pollutants such as metals, nutrients and suspended solids, whereas models including emerging organic contaminants are rare. This study aims at developing and evaluating a model for simulating stormwater flows of two groups of organic pollutants; nonylphenols and phthalates. Sources, emission patterns and environmental fate were examined to create a model framework for the organic contaminants. The model was calibrated using field data from three urban catchments. The results show that the simulated pollutant concentrations are overestimated compared to the measured concentrations, which are often close to or below the analytical detection limit. The high uncertainty and the low predictive power of the model may be explained by factors such as incorrect catchment data, lack of knowledge on buildup, washoff and other processes involved in substance fate, and an underreporting of pollutant concentrations in stormwater. More data on release patterns and sewer fate are needed to adequately simulate stormwater concentrations of nonylphenols and phthalates. A conventional substance flow analysis based on bookkeeping, evaluated in parallel to the computer model, has proven to be useful for calculating fluxes of nonylphenols and phthalates in urban catchments.

Using New Porous Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Water Decontamination

2008 ◽  
Vol 1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zarei Chaleshtori ◽  
S. M. Sarif Masud ◽  
Geoffrey B. Saupe
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Water Decontamination ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractHeterogeneous catalysts that accelerate the photolytic destruction of organic contaminants in water are a potentially inexpensive and highly effective way to remove both trace-level and saturated harmful compounds from industrial waste streams and drinking water. Porous photocatalytic materials can have the combined qualities of high surface area and relatively large particle sizes, as compared with nanoparticulate catalyst powders like titanium dioxide . The larger particle sizes of the porous materials facilitate catalyst removal from a solution, after purification has taken place.We have synthesized new kinds of photocatalytic porous oxide materials that can be used to purify contaminated water by accelerating the photodegradation of any kind of organic pollutant. The new materials have very large open pore structures that facilitate the diffusion, the surface contact of contaminants, and solvent flow through the catalyst. These qualities enhance surface reactions important to the process. The new catalysts have shown robust physical and chemical properties that make them candidates for real applications in polluted water decontamination.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Porous Silica-Based Granular Media for Organic Pollutant Degradation in Industrial Waste-Streams

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Hannah M. McIntyre ◽  
Megan L. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Granular Media ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Porous Silica ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Activation Temperature

Photocatalytic treatment of organic contaminants in industrial wastewaters has gained interest due to their potential for effective degradation. However, photocatalytic slurry reactors are hindered by solution turbidity, dissolved salt content, and absorbance of light. Research presented here introduces the development and application of a novel, photocatalytic, porous silica-based granular media (SGM). SGM retains the cross-linked structure developed during synthesis through a combination of foaming agent addition and activation temperature. The resultant media has a high porosity of 88%, with a specific surface area of ~150 m2/gram. Photocatalytic capabilities are further enhanced as the resultant structure fixes the photocatalyst within the translucent matrix. SGM is capable of photocatalysis combined with diffusion of nucleophiles, electrophiles, and salts from pore space. The photocatalytic efficiencies of SGM at various silica contents were quantified in batch reactors using methylene blue destruction over time and cycles. Methylene blue concentrations of 10 mg/L were effectively degraded (>90%) within 40 min. This effectiveness was retained over multiple cycles and various methylene blue concentrations. SGM is a passive and cost-effective granular treatment system technology which can translate to other organic contaminants and industrial processes.

scholarly journals Possible Contamination from Rainwater in Community Pool

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
General Solution ◽  
Linear Differential Equation ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Ordinary Linear Differential Equation ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Linear Differential ◽  
Specific Equation

The project is meant to create an equation that can be used to estimate the amount of organic pollutant – bacteria - that is present in a swimming pool per day from rainwater. This equation is derived through a differential equation of the rate in minus the rate out. The created differential equation is an ordinary linear differential equation and is solved using an integration factor. The general solution is then converted into a specific equation using an initial condition. The resulting equation provides an approximate number of organic contaminants x(t) present in the pool after an amount of time in days (t). The equation finds that the pool – during its closure – has been cleaned often enough. It also provides a method to estimate the amount of contamination from rain after any other extended closures.

Catalytic activity of Au@Cu2O core-shell nanostructure for the organic pollutant remediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 109935
Author(s):  
Satya Ranjan Jena ◽  
M.B. Bhavya ◽  
Sai Rashmi Manippady ◽  
Prangya Bhol ◽  
Swarnalata Swain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Pollutant Remediation

Relationship between oxidative degradation of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and physicochemical properties of manganese (hydro)oxides

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Liu ◽  
L. J. Zhang ◽  
C. H. Feng ◽  
C. A. Wu ◽  
F. B. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Organic Pollutant Degradation ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oxidative Reactivity

Environmental context. Manganese (hydro)oxide is one kind of the most important natural minerals that are capable of oxidising organic contaminants with a wide range of functionality. However, the oxidative reactivity of manganese (hydro)oxides for organic pollutant degradation may depend on their individual physicochemical properties. It is important to determine a relationship between their oxidative reactivity and physicochemical properties. Abstract. The oxidative reactivity of manganese (hydro)oxides is important for geochemical transformation of organic pollutants. Here, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) degradation by six manganese (hydro)oxides, including γ-MnOOH, β-MnO2, α-MnO2, γ-Mn2O3, δ-MnO2, and MO-700, were investigated with different initial MBT concentrations, manganese (hydro)oxide dosages and pH values. The results show the oxidative reactivity of manganese (hydro)oxides towards MBT degradation strongly depends on their physicochemical properties. Specific surface area and reduction potential of manganese (hydro)oxides were positively correlated with MBT degradation rates, whereas pH at the point of zero charge (pHPZC) of manganese (hydro)oxides and apparent activation energy (Ea) were negatively correlated. A high average oxidation state with the same chemical valence always corresponds to high oxidative reactivity. Such findings provide some insights into understanding the transport and fate of organic pollutants in the presence of different manganese (hydro)oxides in the natural environment.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Degradation of Methylene Blue using a Ni-Co-oxide Anode

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Onyekachi Nwanebu ◽  
Xiaocheng Liu ◽  
Elmira Pajootan ◽  
Viviane Yargeau ◽  
Sasha Omanovic
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Electrochemical Degradation ◽  
Oxide Anode

The potential of using thermally prepared Ni0.6Co0.4-oxide for the electrochemical degradation of organic contaminants was investigated using methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous solution, as a model pollutant. The results of UV spectroscopy obtained during galvanostatic electrolyses at the anode indicated the complete removal of the methylene blue dye. The high removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) suggested a high level of mineralization of its intermediates. It was found that the electrocatalytic performance of the electrode in the anodic degradation of the organic pollutant was significantly enhanced by the presence of chloride ions in the solution. The improvement in the degradation rate of MB was attributed to the in situ electrogeneration of chlorine active species. The results show that Ni0.6Co0.4-oxide anode can be employed as a stable energy-efficient electrocatalyst in the electrochemical purification of wastewater.

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