scholarly journals Extraction of electrokinetically separated analytes with on-demand encapsulation

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 3588-3597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xander F. van Kooten ◽  
Moran Bercovici ◽  
Govind V. Kaigala
Keyword(s):  
Two Phase ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Electrokinetic Separations

On-demand two-phase encapsulation of electrokinetically separated analytes decouples electrokinetic separations from downstream analytical processes.

Hydrogen production on-demand by hydride salt and water two-phase generator

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (30) ◽  
pp. 15270-15280
Author(s):  
Idit Avrahami ◽  
Nir Shvalb ◽  
Mike Sasson ◽  
Yakir Nagar ◽  
Offir Dahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
On Demand

scholarly journals Flexible Piezoelectric Drop-On-Demand Droplet Generation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Riefler ◽  
Thomas Wriedt ◽  
Udo Fritsching
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Droplet Generation ◽  
Pulse Excitation ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Drop On Demand ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Droplet Sizes ◽  
Phase Fluid

The size of droplets generated by piezoelectric drop-on-demand (DOD) droplet generators can be varied to a cer-tain degree within one order of magnitude. This variation means that the droplet size is not solely determined by the nozzle diameter, and the droplet generation process is not restricted to drops extruded through a nozzle in conven- tional operation. By varying the electronic driving pulse, different droplet sizes can be obtained. To investigate the interaction of piezoelectric pulse excitation and the finally produced droplets, different approaches are applied. A comparison of a modal analysis of a pure piezo based on mechanical admittance calculations proofs the usability of electrical impedance measurements. This kind of measurements are then compared to finite-element simulations of a coupled piezo system – one as actuator, the other as pressure sensor – to extend the usable methods with the result that the fluid is of minor influence on the modal frequencies. Last, two phase fluid flow simulations with consequent pressure wave evaluations of the fluid show different pressure wave frequency specta than the modalanalysis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4846

Empowering the OLAP Technology to Support Complex Dimension Hierarchies

2008 ◽  
pp. 2164-2184
Author(s):  
Svetlana Mansmann ◽  
Marc H. Scholl
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Academic Administration ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Complex Dimension ◽  
On Line ◽  
Analytical Processing ◽  
Uniform Manner

Comprehensive data analysis has become indispensable in a variety of domains. OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) systems tend to perform poorly or even fail when applied to complex data scenarios. The restriction of the underlying multidimensional data model to admit only homogeneous and balanced dimension hierarchies is too rigid for many real-world applications and, therefore, has to be overcome in order to provide adequate OLAP support. We present a framework for classifying and modeling complex multidimensional data, with the major effort at the conceptual level as to transform irregular hierarchies to make them navigable in a uniform manner. The properties of various hierarchy types are formalized and a two-phase normalization approach is proposed: heterogeneous dimensions are reshaped into a set of wellbehaved homogeneous subdimensions, followed by the enforcement of summarizability in each dimension’s data hierarchy. Mapping the data to a visual data browser relies solely on metadata, which captures the properties of facts, dimensions, and relationships within the dimensions. The navigation is schema-based, that is, users interact with dimensional levels with on-demand data display. The power of our approach is exemplified using a real-world study from the domain of academic administration.

scholarly journals A Two-Phase Cloud Resource Provisioning Algorithm for Cost Optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Junjie Chen ◽  
Hongjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Sample Average Approximation ◽  
Resource Provisioning ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Dual Decomposition ◽  
Pricing Models ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Cloud Resource ◽  
Cloud Providers ◽  
Cloud Users

Cloud computing is a new computing paradigm to deliver computing resources as services over the Internet. Under such a paradigm, cloud users can rent computing resources from cloud providers to provide their services. The goal of cloud users is to minimize the resource rental cost while meeting the service requirements. In reality, cloud providers often offer multiple pricing models for virtual machine (VM) instances, including on-demand and reserved pricing models. Moreover, the workload of cloud users varies with time and is not known a priori. Therefore, it is challenging for cloud users to determine the optimal cloud resource provisioning. In this paper, we propose a two-phase cloud resource provisioning algorithm. In the first phase, we formulate the resource reservation problem as a two-stage stochastic programming problem, and solve it by the sample average approximation method and the dual decomposition method. In the second phase, we propose a hybrid ARIMA-Kalman model to predict the workload, and determine the number of on-demand instances based on the predicted workload. The effectiveness of the proposed two-phase algorithm is evaluated using a real-world workload trace and Amazon EC2’s pricing models. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the operational cost while guaranteeing the service level agreement (SLA).

Effect of Shock Loading on the Microstructure of Uniloy 326

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
K. P. Staudhammer ◽  
L. E. Murr
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
05 C ◽  
Shock Deformation ◽  
Heat Treated

The effect of shock loading on a variety of steels has been reviewed recently by Leslie. It is generally observed that significant changes in microstructure and microhardness are produced by explosive shock deformation. While the effect of shock loading on austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, and pearlitic structures has been investigated, there have been no systematic studies of the shock-loading of microduplex structures.In the current investigation, the shock-loading response of millrolled and heat-treated Uniloy 326 (thickness 60 mil) having a residual grain size of 1 to 2μ before shock loading was studied. Uniloy 326 is a two phase (microduplex) alloy consisting of 30% austenite (γ) in a ferrite (α) matrix; with the composition.3% Ti, 1% Mn, .6% Si,.05% C, 6% Ni, 26% Cr, balance Fe.

Exsolution and inversion in pigeonite from the Whin Sill, Northern England

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 474-475
Author(s):  
P.P.K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Homogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Silicate Mineral ◽  
Antiphase Boundaries ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nucleation Mechanisms ◽  
And Inversion

Grains of pigeonite, a calcium-poor silicate mineral of the pyroxene group, from the Whin Sill dolerite have been ion-thinned and examined by TEM. The pigeonite is strongly zoned chemically from the composition Wo8En64FS28 in the core to Wo13En34FS53 at the rim. Two phase transformations have occurred during the cooling of this pigeonite:- exsolution of augite, a more calcic pyroxene, and inversion of the pigeonite from the high- temperature C face-centred form to the low-temperature primitive form, with the formation of antiphase boundaries (APB's). Different sequences of these exsolution and inversion reactions, together with different nucleation mechanisms of the augite, have created three distinct microstructures depending on the position in the grain.In the core of the grains small platelets of augite about 0.02μm thick have farmed parallel to the (001) plane (Fig. 1). These are thought to have exsolved by homogeneous nucleation. Subsequently the inversion of the pigeonite has led to the creation of APB's.

Shock consolidation of Ni-Ti alloy powder

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
Naresh N. Thadhani ◽  
Thad Vreeland ◽  
Thomas J. Ahrens
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Powder ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Ti Alloy ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Optical Micrograph ◽  
Shock Compaction ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Ti Powder ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

A spherically-shaped, microcrystalline Ni-Ti alloy powder having fairly nonhomogeneous particle size distribution and chemical composition was consolidated with shock input energy of 316 kJ/kg. In the process of consolidation, shock energy is preferentially input at particle surfaces, resulting in melting of near-surface material and interparticle welding. The Ni-Ti powder particles were 2-60 μm in diameter (Fig. 1). About 30-40% of the powder particles were Ni-65wt% and balance were Ni-45wt%Ti (estimated by EMPA).Upon shock compaction, the two phase Ni-Ti powder particles were bonded together by the interparticle melt which rapidly solidified, usually to amorphous material. Fig. 2 is an optical micrograph (in plane of shock) of the consolidated Ni-Ti alloy powder, showing the particles with different etching contrast.

A Comparison of Tem and Apfim to the Interpretation of Modulated Microstructures

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
M.G. Burke ◽  
M.K. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Superlattice Reflection ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Probe Field

Interpretation of fine-scale microstructures containing high volume fractions of second phase is complex. In particular, microstructures developed through decomposition within low temperature miscibility gaps may be extremely fine. This paper compares the morphological interpretations of such complex microstructures by the high-resolution techniques of TEM and atom probe field-ion microscopy (APFIM).The Fe-25 at% Be alloy selected for this study was aged within the low temperature miscibility gap to form a <100> aligned two-phase microstructure. This triaxially modulated microstructure is composed of an Fe-rich ferrite phase and a B2-ordered Be-enriched phase. The microstructural characterization through conventional bright-field TEM is inadequate because of the many contributions to image contrast. The ordering reaction which accompanies spinodal decomposition in this alloy permits simplification of the image by the use of the centered dark field technique to image just one phase. A CDF image formed with a B2 superlattice reflection is shown in fig. 1. In this CDF micrograph, the the B2-ordered Be-enriched phase appears as bright regions in the darkly-imaging ferrite. By examining the specimen in a [001] orientation, the <100> nature of the modulations is evident.

A TEM study of the influence of microstructure on the superplastic behavior of a U-5.8 wt.% Nb alloy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
G. Mackiewicz Ludtka
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Superplastic Behavior ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Single Phase Field

Historically, metals exhibit superplasticity only while forming in a two-phase field because a two-phase microstructure helps ensure a fine, stable grain size. In the U-5.8 Nb alloy, superplastici ty exists for up to 2 h in the single phase field (γ1) at 670°C. This is above the equilibrium monotectoid temperature of 647°C. Utilizing dilatometry, the superplastic (SP) U-5.8 Nb alloy requires superheating to 658°C to initiate the α+γ2 → γ1 transformation at a heating rate of 1.5°C/s. Hence, the U-5.8 Nb alloy exhibits an anomolous superplastic behavior.

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