miR-497 regulates fatty acid synthesis via LATS2 in bovine mammary epithelial cells

The mammary gland of the cow is particularly susceptible to infections of a wide range of pathogenic bacteria, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The endotoxins of these pathogenic bacteria include peptidoglycan (PGN), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and they are the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to induce mastitis. LPS can directly inhibit proliferation and milk fat synthesis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) while inducing mastitis, but it is unclear whether PGN and LTA also have such effects. Furthermore, since the three PAMPs usually appear simultaneously in the udder of cows with mastitis, their synergistic effects on proliferation and milk fat synthesis of BMECs are worth investigating. The immortalized BMECs (MAC-T cells) were stimulated for 24 h using various concentrations of PGN, LTA and LPS, respectively, to determine the doses that could effectively cause inflammatory responses. Next, the cells were stimulated for 24 h with no endotoxins (CON), PGN, LTA, LPS, PGN + LTA, and PGN + LTA + LPS, respectively, with the predetermined doses to analyze their effects on proliferation and milk fat synthesis of BMECs. PGN, LTA and LPS successfully induced inflammatory responses of BMECs with doses of 30, 30 and 0.1 μg/mL, respectively. Although the proliferation of BMECs was significantly inhibited in the following order: LTA < PGN + LTA < PGN + LTA + LPS, there was no change in cell morphology and cell death. LTA significantly promoted the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes but did not change the content of intracellular triglyceride (TG), compared with the CON group. The mRNA expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes in the LPS group was the lowest among all the groups. Meanwhile, LPS significantly decreased the content of intracellular non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and TG, compared with the CON group. PGN had no effects on milk fat synthesis. Co-stimulation with PGN, LTA and LPS significantly increased the expression of fat acid synthesis-related genes and the intracellular NEFAs, but decreased intracellular TG, compared with sole LPS stimulation. Collectively, PGN, LTA and LPS showed an additive effect on inhibiting proliferation of BMECs. The promoting role of LTA in fatty acid synthesis might offset the negative effects of LPS in this regard, but co-stimulation with PGN, LTA and LPS significantly decreased intracellular TG content.

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circ01592 regulates unsaturated fatty acid metabolism through adsorbing miR-218 in bovine mammary epithelial cells

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo02797b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhi Chen ◽

Xiang Cao ◽

Qinyue Lu ◽

Jingpeng Zhou ◽

Yuhao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽

Mammary Epithelial ◽

Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽

Quality Of Milk

The composition of fatty acids plays a key role in regulating milk flavor and quality. Therefore, to improve the quality of milk, it is particularly important to study the regulatory...

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Relative gene expression of fatty acid synthesis genes at 60 days postpartum in bovine mammary epithelial cells of Surti and Jafarabadi buffaloes

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2017.467-476 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 467-476

Author(s):

Mamta Janmeda ◽

Vishnu Kharadi ◽

Gaurav Pandya ◽

Balkrishna Brahmkshtri ◽

Umed Ramani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Mammary Epithelial ◽

Relative Gene Expression ◽

Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽

Relative Gene

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Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α on the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids in goat mammary epithelial cells

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa062 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huibin Tian ◽

Jun Luo ◽

Hengbo Shi ◽

Xiaoying Chen ◽

Jiao Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Mammary Epithelial ◽

Mrna Abundance ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells

Abstract A key member of the nuclear receptor superfamily is the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) isoform, which in nonruminants is closely associated with fatty acid oxidation. Whether PPARA plays a role in milk fatty acid synthesis in ruminants is unknown. The main objective of the present study was to use primary goat mammary epithelial cells (GMEC) to activate PPARA via the agonist WY-14643 (WY) or to silence it via transfection of small-interfering RNA (siRNA). Three copies of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor response element (PPRE) contained in a luciferase reporter vector were transfected into GMEC followed by incubation with WY at 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, or 100 µM. A dose of 50 µM WY was most effective at activating PPRE without influencing PPARA mRNA abundance. Transfecting siRNA targeting PPARA decreased its mRNA abundance to 20% and protein level to 50% of basal levels. Use of WY upregulated FASN, SCD1, ACSL1, DGAT1, FABP4, and CD36 (1.1-, 1.5-, 2-, 1.4-, 1.5-, and 5-fold, respectively), but downregulated DGAT2 and PGC1A (−20% and −40%, respectively) abundance. In contrast, triacylglycerol concentration decreased and the content and desaturation index of C16:1 and C18:1 increased. Thus, activation of PPARA via WY appeared to channel fatty acids away from esterification. Knockdown of PPARA via siRNA downregulated ACACA, SCD1, AGPAT6, CD36, HSL, and SREBF1 (−43%, −67%, −16%, −56%, −26%, and −29%, respectively), but upregulated ACSL1, DGAT2, FABP3, and PGC1A (2-, 1.4-, 1.3-, and 2.5-fold, respectively) mRNA abundance. A decrease in the content and desaturation index of C16:1 and C18:1 coupled with an increase in triacylglycerol content accompanied those effects at the mRNA level. Overall, data suggest that PPARA could promote the synthesis of MUFA in GMEC through its effects on mRNA abundance of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, oxidation, transport, and triacylglycerol synthesis.

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