scholarly journals 1D and 2D hybrid polymers based on zinc phenylphosphates: synthesis, characterization and applications in electroactive materials

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 7873-7885
Author(s):  
Maciej Dębowski ◽  
Zbigniew Florjańczyk ◽  
Andrzej Ostrowski ◽  
Piotr A. Guńka ◽  
Janusz Zachara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Hybrid Polymers ◽  
Electroactive Materials ◽  
Electrically Conducting

Electrically conducting or electroresponsive smart materials derived from newly synthesized and characterized 1D/2D (nano)particles of zinc phenylphosphates are reported.

Functionalisation of Textiles with Nanotechnology

2006 ◽  
Vol 920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Textor ◽  
Frank Schröter ◽  
Eckhard Schollmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Hybrid Polymers ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Technical Textiles ◽  
Stab Resistance ◽  
Technical Effort

AbstractThe present development of textile market is connected with an ever increasing demand for new functionalities for highly specific applications. At the same time, the industrial supply has been restricted to only a few types of synthetic fibers. Given that background, surface modification became one of the most important topics to create new textiles. Beside other techniques, the functionalisation of fibers by making use of concepts of the nanotechnology is part of our work for several years. Coatings based on nanosols and inorganic-organic hybrid polymers, derived from sol-gel process, have an immense potential for creative modifications of surface properties and can be applied with a comparatively low technical effort and at moderate temperatures. The coatings often combine properties of organic polymers with those of ceramic materials [1-11]. Therefore those hybrid polymers are of an enormous interest for technical textiles. The basic materials offer the opportunity to produce very hard but flexible coatings, especially by filling or modifying the networks with nano-particles. Approaches to modify these systems by various inorganic or organic substances can lead to a huge number of additional functionalities which are increasingly demanded from the textile industries [12-18]. Coatings of a thickness of less then one micron can act as effective barriers against chemical attacks, super-repellent surfaces can be created, or the wear-resistance of textile materials can be improved. Coatings incorporating nanoparticles as employed in sun creams protect sensitive polymers against decomposition due to ultraviolet radiation. Ballistic body wear based on fabrics protects against gun attacks but generally not against knives. For these products, thin coatings based on inorganic-organic hybrid polymers filled with alumina nanoparticles were found to give good stab-resistance. Further approaches deal e.g. with reversible photochromic coatings – coatings that change its color if irradiated with sun light -, (superpara-)magnetic hybrid polymers or medical systems based on porous sol-gel-coatings with immobilized drugs that are released in contact with skin. This paper will focus on approaches to improve ballistic body wear with respect to stab-resistance, UV-protection and water and oil repellence.

Fully developed forced convection analysis of magneto-hydrodynamic nano fluid through annular sector duct

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110071
Author(s):  
Farhan Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Friction Factor ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Convection Flow ◽  
Fully Developed Flow ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Nano Fluid ◽  
Annular Sector ◽  
Transfer Flow

During this study, we have investigated the effect of magnetic field on heat transfer flow of an electrically conducting magneto-hydrodynamic, ( MHD) nano fluid through annular sector duct. The problem is formulated under the assumption of fully developed flow by ignoring the deviation of velocity components in the axial direction only; and simulated with the help of semi implicit method for pressure linked equations revised, ( SIMPLER). The effect of Hartman number, M, on fully developed forced convection flow has been determined for different values of Copper nano particles contribution in base fluid, ϕ, apex angle, β and ratio of radii, Ȓ. With increase in the value of M, a prominent effect has been observed on friction factor, fRe. Furthermore, the influence of nano particles contribution on friction factor, fRe, has been dominated, when we increase the value of M.

scholarly journals Structure and Compatibility Study of Modified Polyurethane/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite for Shape Memory Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick Ferieno Firdaus ◽  
Masrudin Masrudin ◽  
Dessy Ayu Lestari ◽  
Mutya Rahmah Arbi ◽  
Mochamad Chalid
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Transient State ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Compatibility Study ◽  
Vascular Stents

Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) is one of smart materials class that has the ability to recall a given shape before deformation in the transient state. The development of SMP is dominated by polyurethane which is currently focused on the optimization of manufacturing-related research (ease of processing), and the extraction of the potential for biomedical applications. In this study, Shape Memory Polyurethane (SMPU) with Polyethylene Glycol-based material (PEG mw: 6000) as soft segment, 4,4'-Methylenebis (Cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI) as a hard segment and 1,1,1-Trimethylol propane (TMP) as a chain extender were used as a candidate for Vascular Stents. Materials used for the fillers were nano particles of magnetite (Fe3O4) which have 20–50 nm diameters. Variations of the composition were used as a variable. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) were conducted to investigate the polymer chains which were formed during polymerization, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to analyze the interface between the filler and the composite matrix. Manual physical actuation was conducted to analyze the physical recovery and transition temperature of the SMPU. Composition and fillers effect on the performance of SMPU composite were discussed in detail along with analysis of its structure and molecular design.

Modeling of Smart Materials of Nanostructure in a Poorly Electrically Conducting Fluid Saturated Composite Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rudraiah ◽  
C.O. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Electric Parameter ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Electrically Conducting Fluid ◽  
Single Term

To meet the demands of technology for the development of new materials with tailormade properties, we propose the use of smart materials of nanostructure synthesized by solidifying a poorly conducting alloy in a microgravity environment in the presence of an electric field and surface tension. Energy method combined with a single term Galerkin expansion is used to find the condition for the onset of Marangoni marginal electroconvection (MMEC) in a composite material modeled as a porous layer. It is shown that a proper choice of electric parameter and the ratio of Brinkman viscosity to viscosity of the fluid λ control Marangonielectroconvection (MEC).

Basic Characterization of a Linear Elastomer Actuator

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Pagano ◽  
Matteo Malosio ◽  
Irene Fassi
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Parallel Plate Capacitor ◽  
Electroactive Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Micro Systems

Innovative types of actuators are required for several applications, especially in the field of medicine, robotics and micro-systems. In this context, Electroactive Polymers represent a promising group among all smart materials. They can change their dimensions and shape when an external voltage is applied, and their mechanical flexibility and ease of processing offer advantages over traditional electroactive materials expanding the options for different mechanical configurations. Dielectric elastomers are among the most promising EAPs for many applications, including actuators and sensors for the microfactory: they work in a dry environment, can achieve great deformations and support high voltage. They can be represented by a parallel plate capacitor: under an electric field the elastomer is squeezed in the thickness causing expansion in the transverse direction. Dielectric EAP actuators require large electric fields (hundreds of kV/mm) but can produce very large strain (up to 400%). Due to their unique properties and potential applications, in this paper the study of the electromechanical behaviour of a dielectric elastomer and a possible application related with the microfabrication of hybrid microsystem is presented.

Highly stable hybrid selenophene-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene as electrically conducting and electrochromic polymers

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
pp. 4896-4908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyang Lu ◽  
Shijie Zhen ◽  
Shimin Zhang ◽  
Jingkun Xu ◽  
Guoqun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Stille Coupling ◽  
Hybrid Polymers ◽  
Electrochromic Properties ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Electrochromic Polymers ◽  
Stable Hybrid

A family of four novel selenophene–EDOT oligomers were synthesized using Stille coupling and electropolymerized to form highly stable conducting hybrid polymers with excellent electrochromic properties.

Electron holography of catalysts

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
A. K. Datye ◽  
D. S. Kalakkad ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
E. Völkl
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Phase Image ◽  
Electron Holography ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Phase Information ◽  
Particle Structure

The active phase in heterogeneous catalysts consists of nanometer-sized metal or oxide particles dispersed within the tortuous pore structure of a high surface area matrix. Such catalysts are extensively used for controlling emissions from automobile exhausts or in industrial processes such as the refining of crude oil to produce gasoline. The morphology of these nano-particles is of great interest to catalytic chemists since it affects the activity and selectivity for a class of reactions known as structure-sensitive reactions. In this paper, we describe some of the challenges in the study of heterogeneous catalysts, and provide examples of how electron holography can help in extracting details of particle structure and morphology on an atomic scale.Conventional high-resolution TEM imaging methods permit the image intensity to be recorded, but the phase information in the complex image wave is lost. However, it is the phase information which is sensitive at the atomic scale to changes in specimen thickness and composition, and thus analysis of the phase image can yield important information on morphological details at the nanometer level.

Coherent electron nanodiffraction from clean silver nano particles in a UHV STEM

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1058-1059
Author(s):  
J. Liu ◽  
M. Pan ◽  
G. E. Spinnler
Keyword(s):  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Shape Structure ◽  
Dynamical Simulations ◽  
Small Metal Particles ◽  
Extract Information

Small metal particles have peculiar chemical and physical properties as compared to bulk materials. They are especially important in catalysis since metal particles are common constituents of supported catalysts. The structural characterization of small particles is of primary importance for the understanding of structure-catalytic activity relationships. The shape and size of metal particles larger than approximately 5 nm in diameter can be determined by several imaging techniques. It is difficult, however, to deduce the shape of smaller metal particles. Coherent electron nanodiffraction (CEND) patterns from nano particles contain information about the particle size, shape, structure and defects etc. As part of an on-going program of STEM characterization of supported catalysts we report some preliminary results of CEND study of Ag nano particles, deposited in situ in a UHV STEM instrument, and compare the experimental results with full dynamical simulations in order to extract information about the shape of Ag nano particles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document