Bioinspired photo-responsive membrane enhanced with the “light-cleaning” feature for controlled molecule release

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qisheng Ye ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Saitao Yan ◽  
Baoliang Chen ◽  
Xiaoying Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Responsive Polymers ◽  
And Control

Inspired by the stomatal of plant leaves, a photo-responsive membrane was developed to enhance the removal of irreversible membrane fouling and control molecule release. The photo-responsive polymers were prepared by...

Antipyretic activity of the root extracts of Desmodium Gangeticum

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Raja Sheker K ◽  
Naveen B ◽  
Anil kumar A ◽  
Abhilash G
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Effective Drugs

Fevers are considered as the most important parameters to evaluate and diagnose most of the disease conditions like inflammations, wounds and other infections. There are effective drugs that treat and control the fevers out of which NSAID's are most important ones. They cause notable side effects like gastric ulcers, gastric mucosal perforations etc. which make the use of those drugs limited. Herbs are used to treat various diseases, starting from the evolution of the human race. During this, herbs had been introduced to many types of tests and scientific investigations to prove the activities that herbs possess. The diseases that the herbs are used for are notable in the medical systems like Ayurveda and other systems. The need for the validation of the activities of the herbs and medicinal plants is utmost important these days. The extracts of the plant leaves of Desmodium gangeticum were extracted with ethanol and then investigated for the antipyretic activity in yeast induced pyretic method. The extract was tested in two doses 200 and 400mg/kg. This was found significant when compared to the standard drug.

scholarly journals A Review on the Mechanism, Impacts and Control Methods of Membrane Fouling in MBR System

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianjun Du ◽  
Yaoke Shi ◽  
Veeriah Jegatheesan ◽  
Izaz Ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Residual Sludge ◽  
Mechanism Control ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Control

Compared with the traditional activated sludge process, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) has many advantages, such as good effluent quality, small floor space, low residual sludge yield and easy automatic control. It has a promising prospect in wastewater treatment and reuse. However, membrane fouling is the biggest obstacle to the wide application of MBR. This paper aims at summarizing the new research progress of membrane fouling mechanism, control, prediction and detection in the MBR systems. Classification, mechanism, influencing factors and control of membrane fouling, membrane life prediction and online monitoring of membrane fouling are discussed. The research trends of relevant research areas in MBR membrane fouling are prospected.

scholarly journals Fouling Mechanisms Analysis via Combined Fouling Models for Surface Water Ultrafiltration Process

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Huang ◽  
Hangkun Gu ◽  
Kang Xiao ◽  
Fangshu Qu ◽  
Huarong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Combined Models ◽  
And Control

Membrane fouling is still the bottleneck affecting the technical and economic performance of the ultrafiltration (UF) process for the surface water treatment. It is very important to accurately understand fouling mechanisms to effectively prevent and control UF fouling. The rejection performance and fouling mechanisms of the UF membrane for raw and coagulated surface water treatment were investigated under the cycle operation of constant-pressure dead-end filtration and backwash. There was no significant difference in the UF permeate quality of raw and coagulated surface water. Coagulation mainly removed substances causing turbidity in raw surface water (including most suspended particles and a few organic colloids) and thus mitigated UF fouling effectively. Backwash showed limited fouling removal. For the UF process of both raw and coagulated surface water, the fittings using single models showed good linearity for multiple models mainly due to statistical illusions, while the fittings using combined models showed that only the combined complete blocking and cake layer model fitted well. The quantitative calculations showed that complete blocking was the main reason causing flux decline. Membrane fouling mechanism analysis based on combined models could provide theoretical supports to prevent and control UF fouling for surface water treatment.

Nanofiltration membrane fouling by conventionally treated surface water

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
R. Liikanen ◽  
H. Kiuru ◽  
T. Tuhkanen ◽  
M. Nyström
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Train ◽  
Water Constituents ◽  
Filtration Unit ◽  
And Control ◽  
Chemical Water

Nanofiltration is a very effective technique for improving the removal of trace organics after a conventional chemical water treatment train. However, the fouling of the membranes decreases the applicability of the process, and thus, an understanding and control of membrane fouling are crucial for a more widespread use of nanofiltration in water treatment. The fouling of different nanofiltration membranes by pre-treated surface waters was investigated in a laboratory-scale filtration unit in this study. The results indicate that the traditional chemical treatment does not remove membrane foulants from the surface water. No correlation was found between the feed water constituents and nanofiltration performance, but most feed water components are expected to interact in membrane fouling. Actually, the performance of the nanofiltration process was more related to membrane than to feed water characteristics.

The maize transcription factor Sn alters proanthocyanidin synthesis in transgenic Lotus corniculatus plants

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Damiani ◽  
Francesco Paolocci ◽  
Paul D. Cluster ◽  
Sergio Arcioni ◽  
Gregory J. Tanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Binary Vector ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Gus Gene ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Transformed Plants ◽  
And Control

Lotus corniculatus L. plants were transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes binary vector carrying the maize Sn regulatory gene driven by the 35S promoter. These plants showed modifications in the pattern of accumulation of proanthocyanidin (PA). All the transformed plants but one showed an increase in PA content in the root relative to control untransformed and control gus gene transformed plants (C). With respect to the PAaccumulation in leaves, Sn transgenic plants were grouped in two classes: suppressed (S), that showed a consistent reduction of foliar PAcontent, and unsuppressed (U) that did not differ significantly from controls. Dihydroflavanol reductase (DFR) and leucocyanidin reductase (LAR) enzyme activities in S and U plant leaves mirrored the changes seen with foliar PA accumulation. LAR activity in the roots was consistent with the root PA levels. Mature Sn mRNA accumulated in the leaves of U plants, but not in leaves of S plants; however, leaves of both S and U plants were able to initiate Sn transcription. All Sn-transformed plants accumulated Sn message in root tissue. A possible negative interaction of Sn and an unidentified homologous endogene is proposed for explaining the behaviour of S plants.

scholarly journals Aerial, ground and chemigation spray deposition on corn for the control of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
João Paulo Arantes Rodrigues da Cunha ◽  
Ana Paula de Castro Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Corn Plant ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Pesticides can be applied by aircraft, ground-sprayers or sprinkler irrigation. However, selecting the best option is complicated by the limited number of studies comparing these techniques. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the chlorpyrifos insecticide deposition applied by aircraft (30 L ha-1), tractor-mounted sprayer (200 L ha-1) and chemigation (70,000 L ha-1) for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in two corn (Zea mays L.) populations (70,000 and 100,000 plants ha-1). Active ingredient residue on the corn plant leaves was evaluated by gas chromatography, immediately and ten days after the treatments. Armyworm numbers in each plot and control were also evaluated. The experiment was set up in randomized blocks with four replications. Aerial and ground applications of chlorpyrifos led to greater active ingredient deposition in the leaves than chemigation. Neither plant population (70,000 and 100,000 plants ha-1) affected the insecticide deposition in the corn leaves. S. frugiperda control was similar for all three application methods. Chemigation, however, resulted in less deposition on the plants and consequently in a greater insecticide loss to the soil, which should be considered in environmental impact.

Hybrid TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation and ultrafiltration for humic acid removal and membrane fouling control

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Bai ◽  
Darren Delai Sun
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Hydrophobic Membrane ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
And Control

Hybrid UV/TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) and ultrafiltration (UF) process (PCO-UF) were used to remove humic acid (HA) and control membrane fouling. The PCO-UF process showed advantages in terms of higher removal rate of HA, higher permeate flux and less membrane fouling over UF alone and PCO alone on HA removal and membrane fouling control. Membrane material and pH of feed water were shown to be the influence on the performance of PCO-UF process. It was observed that higher pH of HA feed water and a hydrophobic membrane lead to better removal of HA with relatively higher permeate flux. The experimental results in this study demonstrated that 100 kDa ultraflic UF membrane and pH 9 of HA feed water would be the optimal choice for HA removal in the combined PCO-UF process.

Monitoring and control of biofouling in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Vrouwenvelder ◽  
C. Hinrichs ◽  
A. R. Sun ◽  
F. Royer ◽  
J. A. M. van Paassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Direct Cell ◽  
And Control

Water quality parameters such as ATP, total direct cell counts, AOC, biofilm formation rate and destructive membrane studies are not suitable for biofouling monitoring and prediction. Therefore, a monitor named membrane fouling simulator was developed. In a comparison study, the same feed channel pressure drop development in time and the same fouling accumulation was observed in spiral wound membrane elements and membrane fouling simulators. Chemical dosing to the membrane fouling simulator feed water showed that a biofouling inhibitor was not inhibiting biofouling, but was even contributing to biofouling. It is shown that other chemicals such as acid and antiscalants may contribute to biofouling as well. It was found that the feed spacer presence strongly influences the feed spacer channel pressure drop increase caused by biofilm accumulation: in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis systems biofouling is a feed spacer problem. A new set of monitors for membrane fouling studies and methods for biofouling monitoring are described. A state of the art on global membrane fouling simulator use is given.

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