scholarly journals Short-term effect of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet on aminopeptidase in adult rat jejunoileum. Site of aminopeptidase response

1987 ◽  
Vol 247 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Raul ◽  
T Goda ◽  
F Gossé ◽  
O Koldovský
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Aminopeptidase Activity ◽  
Proximal Jejunum ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

The short-term effects of high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet on aminopeptidase N activity were studied in the brush-border membranes of proximal jejunum and proximal ileum of adult rats. The animals were starved overnight and re-fed for 15 h either with a standard diet (20% protein, 55% carbohydrate, in terms of energy content) or with a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet of equal energy content (70% protein, 5% carbohydrate). All rats consumed similar amounts of diet, and measurements were made 15 h after initiation of re-feeding. In the proximal jejunum a slight increase in aminopeptidase activity was observed after the high-protein intake. In contrast, considerable stimulation (52%) of the enzyme specific activity was obtained in the proximal ileum. This increase in ileal aminopeptidase activity was more prominent in the mature cells of the upper villus. To determine if the increase of aminopeptidase activity was due to an increased amount of enzyme protein, rocket immunoelectrophoresis was performed with detergent-solubilized brush-border protein from ileum on agarose gels containing anti-(rat brush-border) antiserum. When the same amount of enzyme activity was loaded on the gels, the peaks of immunoprecipitate for aminopeptidase were similar for animals fed on a standard or a high-protein diet. When the same amount of protein was loaded, the peak of immunoprecipitate for aminopeptidase was higher (81%) after a high-protein diet. These results showed that the high protein intake evoked an increase in aminopeptidase activity, with a concomitant increase in the amount of immunoreactive protein.

scholarly journals The influence of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on bone development in the fetuses of rat dams with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Keith Harvey ◽  
Tetsuo Nakamoto
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Ca Uptake

1. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of diet on the mandibles and growth centres of the long bones in the fetuses of diabetic rat dams given a normal diet compared with those given a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.2. On the 9th day of gestation, the controls, groups 1 and 3, were injected with citrate buffer and given 200 and 600 g protein/kg diets respectively. Groups 2 and 4 were injected with 40 mg streptozotocin/kg body-weight and pair-fed with groups I and 3 respectively on the 200 and 600 g protein/kg diets.3. On day 22, some dams were injected with either 45Ca or [14C]proline. Mandibles and long bones were removed and weighed and analysed for Ca content, 45Ca uptake, collagen and collagen synthesis.4. The body-weights, and mandibular and long-bone weights of the fetuses in the diabetic 200 g protein/kg group were smaller than those of the non-diabetic 200 g protein/kg group, whereas those of the diabetic 600 g protein/kg group showed no difference from the non-diabetic 600 g protein/kg group.5. The rate of collagen synthesis was higher in the fetuses of the diabetic 600 g protein/kg group than those of the non-diabetic group. Bones of the diabetic 200 g protein/kg group were lower in collagen content when compared with the non-diabetic group, whereas there was no difference between the diabetic and non-diabetic 600 g protein/kg groups.6. Ca uptake and total Ca contents in the mandibles and long bones showed no difference between diabetic and non-diabetic groups fed on both diets.7. A high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet appeared to have a certain beneficial effect on bone development of the growing fetuses from diabetic dams.

Decreased Warfarin Effect after Initiation of High-Protein, Low-Carbohydrate Diets

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J Beatty ◽  
Bella H Mehta ◽  
Jennifer L Rodis
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Warfarin Therapy ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of decreased international normalized ratio (INR) after initiation of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. CASE SUMMARIES: Case 1. A 67-year-old white woman had been receiving warfarin for 3 years for venous thromboembolism. After initiation of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, the patient required a 22.2% increase (from 45 to 57.5 mg/wk) in warfarin dose. Her INR remained in the therapeutic range on this dose for 8 weeks. When the patient stopped the high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, a decrease back to the original warfarin dose was required to return to a therapeutic INR. Case 2. A 58-year-old white man had been receiving warfarin for 8 years for a cerebrovascular accident. Initiation of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet resulted in a 30% increase (from 26.25 to 37.5 mg/wk) in warfarin dose. His warfarin dose was reduced to the original dose after he stopped the high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. DISCUSSION: The Naranjo probability scale indicated a possible adverse effect between warfarin and high-protein diets. High-protein diets have been shown to increase serum albumin levels. This may result in more warfarin binding to serum albumin, thereby decreasing the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. The increase of albumin occurs rapidly after initiation of a high-protein diet and appears to promptly affect anticoagulation therapy with warfarin. CONCLUSIONS: These cases indicate a significant interaction between high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets and warfarin therapy. Patients receiving warfarin therapy should be educated on and monitored for the potential interaction that occurs with warfarin therapy and high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets.

Effects of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on degradation of sucrase-isomaltase in rat jejunoileum

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (6) ◽  
pp. G907-G912 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Goda ◽  
F. Raul ◽  
F. Gosse ◽  
O. Koldovsky
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Degradation Product ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Trypsin Activity ◽  
Sucrase Activity ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Entire Height ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

During the degradation of intestinal sucrase-isomaltase by pancreatic proteinases, degradation of sucrase-active site precedes that of the isomaltase-active site in rats. In the present paper, we demonstrate that the extent of degradation of sucrase-isomaltase is altered by dietary manipulation in vivo. Adult rats were starved for 24 h and received either a standard diet (20 cal% protein, 55% carbohydrate) or an isocaloric high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet (70 cal% protein, 5% carbohydrate). Animals were killed 15 h after the refeeding. In rats fed a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, luminal trypsin activity was three times higher than controls, and sucrase activity in proximal ileum was significantly lower (P less than 0.001) than controls, whereas isomaltase activity was similar in both groups. In proximal jejunum, luminal trypsin activity was remarkably lower (P less than 0.01) than in proximal ileum in both groups; sucrase and isomaltase activity was similar in both groups. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated that a degradation product of sucrase-isomaltase, i.e., isomaltase monomer, was present in a larger amount in rats fed a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. In rats with bypassed pancreatic ducts, the amount of this degradation product was decreased and effect of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet was abolished. Experiments with a sequential isolation of epithelial cells of proximal ileum revealed that sucrase activity was decreased along the entire height of the villus in animals fed a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Alternate Day Fasting Combined with a High Protein/low Carbohydrate Diet: Effect on Body Weight and Metabolic Disease Risk Factors in Obese Adults (P21-018-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Eric Wiseman ◽  
Krista Varady
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Alternate Day Fasting

Abstract Objectives This pilot study is the first to examine the impact of alternate day fasting (ADF) combined with a high protein/low carbohydrate diet on body weight and metabolic disease risk factors in obese adults. Methods Obese adults (n = 10) followed an ADF diet (600 kcal fast day alternated with an ad libitum feast day; 35% protein, 22% carbohydrate, 43% fat) for 6 months. Meal replacements were consumed on the fast and feast days, in addition to regular foods, to help attain macronutrient targets. Results Body weight decreased (P < 0.001) by 8.4 ± 1.7 kg (8.6 ± 1.7%) after 6 months. Fat mass and visceral fat mass were reduced (P < 0.05) by 6.4 ± 1.6 kg and 0.2 ± 0.1 kg, respectively. Lean mass decreased (P < 0.05) by 1.3 ± 0.6 kg. Systolic blood pressure was reduced (P < 0.05) by 10 ± 3 mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure was reduced (P < 0.05) by 6 ± 3 mm Hg. Fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and HbA1c remained unchanged after 6 months of diet. LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased (P < 0.001) by10 ± 4% and 15 ± 8%, respectively, after 6 months. HDL cholesterol levels decreased by 6 ± 3% from baseline to post-treatment. Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that ADF combined with a high protein/low carbohydrate diet is effective for lowering body weight, visceral fat mass, blood pressure, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, this diet has no effect on glucoregulatory factors. While these preliminary findings are promising, they still require confirmation by a larger-scale clinical trial. Funding Sources Nestle Health Sciences Grant.

Deteriorated glucose metabolism with a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet in db mice, an animal model of type 2 diabetes, might be caused by insufficient insulin secretion

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Arimura ◽  
Wijang Pralampita Pulong ◽  
Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti ◽  
Miwa Nakakuma ◽  
Masaharu Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate
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