scholarly journals Age-related changes in glutathione synthesis in the eye lens

1990 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
J V Ferrer ◽  
E Gascó ◽  
J Sastre ◽  
F V Pallardó ◽  
M Asensi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Glutathione Synthesis ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Eye lenses from young rats or mice synthesize GSH from methionine or N-acetylcysteine. However, lenses from old animals do not synthesize GSH from methionine. This is due to the absence of cystathionase activity in old lenses. GSH monoethyl ester, but not free GSH, increases GSH content and protects the lens against experimental oxidative stress. The importance of these results in the prevention of cataractogenesis is discussed.

Age-Related Changes in Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades by Oxidative Stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Z Guyton ◽  
Myriani Gorospe ◽  
Xiantao Wang ◽  
Yolanda D Mock ◽  
Gertrude C Kokkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Age Related Changes

Age-related changes in apoptosis in rat hippocampus induced by oxidative stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Uysal ◽  
K Tugyan ◽  
I Aksu ◽  
S Ozbal ◽  
D Ozdemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Cytokine modulation, oxidative stress and thymic dysfunctions: Role of age-related changes in the experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection

Cytokine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Pravato Colato ◽  
Vânia Brazão ◽  
Gabriel Tavares do Vale ◽  
Fabricia Helena Santello ◽  
Pedro Alexandre Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cytokine Modulation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cruzi Infection ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Obesity and Age-Related Changes in Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Across Four Generations

Obesity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1389-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerben Hulsegge ◽  
Gerrie-Cor M. Herber-Gast ◽  
Annemieke M.W. Spijkerman ◽  
H. Susan ◽  
J. Picavet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Age Related Changes

The thioredoxin system in aging muscle: key role of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase in the protective effects of caloric restriction?

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (4) ◽  
pp. R927-R935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Rohrbach ◽  
Stefanie Gruenler ◽  
Mirja Teschner ◽  
Juergen Holtz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Dna Cleavage ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Thioredoxin System

Cellular redox balance is maintained by various antioxidative systems. Among those is the thioredoxin system, consisting of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and NADPH. In the present study, we examined the effects of caloric restriction (2 mo) on the expression of the cytosolic and mitochondrial thioredoxin system in skeletal muscle and heart of senescent and young rats. Mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR2) is significantly reduced in aging skeletal and cardiac muscle and renormalized after caloric restriction, while the cytosolic isoform remains unchanged. Thioredoxins (mitochondrial Trx2, cytosolic Trx1) are not influenced by caloric restriction. In skeletal and cardiac muscle of young rats, caloric restriction has no effect on the expression of thioredoxins or thioredoxin reductases. Enforced reduction of TrxR2 (small interfering RNA) in myoblasts under exposure to ceramide or TNF-α causes a dramatic enhancement of nucleosomal DNA cleavage, caspase 9 activation, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species release, together with reduced cell viability, while this TrxR2 reduction is without effect in unstimulated myoblasts under basal conditions. Oxidative stress in vitro (H2O2in C2C12myoblasts and myotubes) results in different changes: TrxR2, Trx2, and Trx1 are induced without alterations in the cytosolic thioredoxin reductase isoforms. Thus aging is associated with a TrxR2 reduction in skeletal muscle and heart, which enhances susceptibility to apoptotic stimuli but is renormalized after short-term caloric restriction. Exogenous oxidative stress does not result in these age-related changes of TrxR2.

scholarly journals Vitreous Antioxidants, Degeneration, and Vitreo-Retinopathy: Exploring the Links

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ankamah ◽  
J. Sebag ◽  
Eugene Ng ◽  
John M. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Age Related Changes

The transparent vitreous body, which occupies about 80% of the eye’s volume, is laden with numerous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants that could protect the eye from oxidative stress and disease. Aging is associated with degeneration of vitreous structure as well as a reduction in its antioxidant capacity. A growing body of evidence suggests these age-related changes may be the precursor of numerous oxidative stress-induced vitreo-retinopathies, including vision degrading myodesopsia, the clinically significant entoptic phenomena that can result from advanced vitreous degeneration. Adequate intravitreal antioxidant levels may be protective against vitreous degeneration, possibly preventing and even improving vision degrading myodesopsia as well as mitigating various other vitreo-retinopathies. The present article is, therefore, a review of the different antioxidant molecules within vitreous and the inter-relationships between vitreous antioxidant capacity and degeneration.

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