Effects of a Sustained Muscular Contraction on Human Intraocular Pressure

1974 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Marcus ◽  
H. F. Edelhauser ◽  
M. G. Maksud ◽  
R. L. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hand Grip

1. Normal subjects performed fatiguing static hand-grip contraction at tensions of 20% and 55% of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by applanation tonometry before, during and after the isometric exercise. Forearm blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein in both the exercised and non-exercised arm before and 2 min post-exercise for measurement of plasma lactate, osmolality, Pv,o2, Pv,co2 and pH. 2. During hand grip the heart rate and blood pressure increased significantly, whereas the IOP remained unchanged from control in both the 20% and 55% MVC experiments. 3. In the recovery period heart rate and blood pressure returned to control values within 3 min and the IOP decreased significantly from control in both the 20% and 55% MVC experiments. 4. When an occlusion cuff was inflated on the exercising arm just before release of the 55% MVC grip, the decreased IOP could be delayed until the cuff was released. 5. Post-exercise blood samples showed elevated lactate concentrations and Pv,o2 and decreased pH in the exercised arm; however, the values remained unchanged in the non-exercised arm. The decreased IOP after exercise may be related to an increased blood lactate concentration.

scholarly journals Refined Multiscale Fuzzy Entropy to Analyse Post-Exercise Cardiovascular Response in Older Adults With Orthostatic Intolerance

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Hortelano ◽  
Richard Reilly ◽  
Francisco Castells ◽  
Raquel Cervigón
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fuzzy Entropy ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls

Orthostatic intolerance syndrome occurs when the autonomic nervous system is incapacitated and fails to respond to the demands associated with the upright position. Assessing this syndrome among the elderly population is important in order to prevent falls. However, this problem is still challenging. The goal of this work was to determine the relationship between orthostatic intolerance (OI) and the cardiovascular response to exercise from the analysis of heart rate and blood pressure. More specifically, the behavior of these cardiovascular variables was evaluated in terms of refined composite multiscale fuzzy entropy (RCMFE), measured at different scales. The dataset was composed by 65 older subjects, 44.6% (n = 29) were OI symptomatic and 55.4% (n = 36) were not. Insignificant differences were found in age and gender between symptomatic and asymptomatic OI participants. When heart rate was evaluated, higher differences between groups were observed during the recovery period immediately after exercise. With respect to the blood pressure and other hemodynamic parameters, most significant results were obtained in the post-exercise stage. In any case, the symptomatic OI group exhibited higher irregularity in the measured parameters, as higher RCMFE levels in all time scales were obtained. This information could be very helpful for a better understanding of cardiovascular instability, as well as to recognize risk factors for falls and impairment of functional status.

Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Response to Isometric Exercise and Mental Arithmetic in Normotensive and Hypertensive Subjects

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 681s-685s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nyberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Repeated Testing ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Repeated Exercise

1. Sustained hand-grip exercise and mental arithmetic were performed by normal and hypertensive subjects. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded with a device which allows blind and unbiased measurements, based on the conventional cuff method. 2. Both stimuli caused increases in heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which were greater for isometric exercise than for mental arithmetic. 3. Normal females had a greater response to repeated exercise, and had a smaller systolic pressure elevation during mental arithmetic than the other groups. 4. Repeated testing showed good reproducibility in normal subjects.

Effect of differences in post-exercise lactate accumulation in athletes’ haemodynamics

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Crisafulli ◽  
Filippo Tocco ◽  
Gianluigi Pittau ◽  
Luigi Lorrai ◽  
Cristina Porru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Maximum Workload ◽  
The Relationship

To verify the relationship between exercise intensity and post-exercise haemodynamics, we studied haemodynamic and lactate responses during 10 min following 3 bicycle tests. Two tests were performed for 3 min at 70% and 130% of the workload corresponding to anaerobic threshold (70% Wat and 130% Wat tests), and 1 was performed until exhaustion at 150% of the maximum workload achieved during a previous incremental test (150% Wmax test). During the recovery period after the 150% Wmax test we observed the highest increases in blood lactate with respect to the baseline: at the 9th minute of recovery lactate concentration increased by +9.3 ± 2.7, +6.4 ± 3.1, and +1.1 ± 0.9 mmol·L–1 in the 150% Wmax (p > 0.05 with respect to the other protocol sessions), 130% Wat, and 70% Wat tests, respectively. We also observed greater reductions in cardiac pre-load and systemic vascular resistance in the 150% Wmax test than in the 130% Wat and 70% Wat tests. However, the cardiac output response successfully faced the increased vasodilatation occurring during 150% Wmax test so that changes in mean blood pressure were similar in the 3 test conditions. This study shows that exercises that yielded different lactate concentrations also led to greater vasodilatation. Nevertheless, mechanisms controlling the cardiovascular apparatus successfully prevented a drop in blood pressure in spite of the cardiovascular stress.

Lack of Effect of Isometric Handgrip Exercise on the Responses of the Carotid Sinus Baroreceptor Reflex in Man

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ludbrook ◽  
I. B. Faris ◽  
J. Iannos ◽  
G. G. Jamieson ◽  
W. J. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflex ◽  
Transmural Pressure ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Arterial Blood

1. The change in arterial pressure and heart rate resulting from alteration of carotid sinus transmural pressure by a median −34 mmHg and +33 mmHg by means of a variable-pressure neck chamber was tested in seven male volunteer subjects, at rest and during exertion of 35, 45 and 65% of maximum voluntary handgrip. 2. During 60 s of 35 and 45%, and during 30 s of 65%, of maximal voluntary handgrip there was virtually no alteration of the response of blood pressure to alteration in carotid sinus transmural pressure. 3. The bradycardic response to increase in carotid sinus transmural pressure was reduced at various times after the commencement of handgrip at 45 and 65% of maximum voluntary contraction. 4. It is concluded that a reduction in arterial baroreceptor reflex sensitivity does not play an important role in the initiation of the increase in arterial blood pressure and heart rate caused by isometric exercise. 5. The hypothesis is advanced that some of the cardiovascular changes in exercise may result from elevation of the central ‘set point’ for blood pressure.

Obesity does not Impair Ambulatory Cardiovascular and Autonomic Responses Post-exercise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Kolesny Tricot ◽  
Fabiula Isoton Isoton Novelli ◽  
Lucieli Teresa Cambri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Main Effect

AbstractThis study aimed to assess whether obesity and/or maximal exercise can change 24 h cardiac autonomic modulation and blood pressure in young men. Thirty-nine men (n: 20; 21.9±1.8 kg·m−2, and n: 19; 32.9±2.4 kg·m−2) were randomly assigned to perform a control (non-exercise) and an experimental day exercise (after maximal incremental test). Cardiac autonomic modulation was evaluated through frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV). Obesity did not impair the ambulatory HRV (p>0.05), however higher diastolic blood pressure during asleep time (p=0.02; group main effect) was observed. The 24 h and awake heart rate was higher on the experimental day (p<0.05; day main effect), regardless of obesity. Hypotension on the experimental day, compared to control day, was observed (p<0.05). Obesity indicators were significantly correlated with heart rate during asleep time (Rho=0.34 to 0.36) and with ambulatory blood pressure(r/Rho=0.32 to 0.53). Furthermore, the HRV threshold workload was significantly correlated with ambulatory heart rate (r/Rho=− 0.38 to−0.52). Finally, ambulatory HRV in obese young men was preserved; however, diastolic blood pressure was increased during asleep time. Maximal exercise caused heart rate increase and 24h hypotension, with decreased cardiac autonomic modulation in the first hour, regardless of obesity.

scholarly journals Lactate, Heart Rate and Rating of Perceived Exertion Responses to Shorter and Longer Duration CrossFit® Training Sessions

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramires Tibana ◽  
Nuno de Sousa ◽  
Jonato Prestes ◽  
Fabrício Voltarelli
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to analyze blood lactate concentration (LAC), heart rate (HR), and rating perceived exertion (RPE) during and after shorter and longer duration CrossFit® sessions. Nine men (27.7 ± 3.2 years; 11.3 ± 4.6% body fat percentage and training experience: 41.1 ± 19.6 months) randomly performed two CrossFit® sessions (shorter: ~4 min and longer: 17 min) with a 7-day interval between them. The response of LAC and HR were measured pre, during, immediately after, and 10, 20, and 30 min after the sessions. RPE was measured pre and immediately after sessions. Lactate levels were higher during the recovery of the shorter session as compared with the longer session (shorter: 15.9 ± 2.2 mmol/L/min, longer: 12.6 ± 2.6 mmol/L/min; p = 0.019). There were no significant differences between protocols on HR during (shorter: 176 ± 6 bpm or 91 ± 4% HRmax, longer: 174 ± 3 bpm or 90 ± 3% HRmax, p = 0.387). The LAC was significantly higher throughout the recovery period for both training sessions as compared to pre-exercise. The RPE was increased immediately after both sessions as compared to pre-exercise, while there was no significant difference between them (shorter: 8.7 ± 0.9, longer: 9.6 ± 0.5; p = 0.360). These results demonstrated that both shorter and longer sessions induced elevated cardiovascular responses which met the recommendations for gains in cardiovascular fitness. In addition, both training sessions had a high metabolic and perceptual response, which may not be suitable if performed on consecutive days.

scholarly journals Tai-chi-chuan and yoga onpostexercise hypotension: comparison to aerobic and resistance exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-552
Author(s):  
João Douglas Alves ◽  
Jorge Luiz de Brito Gomes ◽  
Caio Victor Coutinho de Oliveira ◽  
José Victor de Miranda Henriques Alves ◽  
Fabiana Ranielle de Siqueira Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Tai Chi Chuan ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract Introduction: Tai-Chi-Chuan and Yoga have becoming popular practices. However is unclear the cardiovascular effects, and if they present similar behavior to aerobic and resistance sessions. Objective: To evaluate the cardiovascular responses during the session and post-exercise hypotension (PEH) of Tai Chi Chuan (TS) and Yoga (YS) in comparison to aerobic (AS) and resistance (SR) exercises. Methods: Fourteen young women (22.3 ± 2 years) apparently healthy performed four sessions (AS, RS, TS and YS). The heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded at resting, during (every 10 minutes) and until 50 minutes of recovery. Results: AS, RS, TS e YS showed significant increase in HR compared to resting.AS at 10, 30 e 50 minutes in relation to RS, TS e YS. The RS in relation to TS and YS at 10, 30 and 50 minutes. No significant difference between TS and YS. SBP was significantly increased in AS, RS, TS e YS at 10, 30 e 50 minutes during the session, in relation to rest. AS was significantly higher at 30 e 50 minutes than RS and higher than TS and YS at 10, 30 e 50 minutes. No significant difference in DBP. For PEH, AS, RS and TS significantly reduced at 10, 30 and 50 minutes. YS reduced at 50 minutes. No significant diastolic PEH. Conclusion: TS and YS showed as safe alternatives of exercising in the normotensive young adult woman, despite having lower values, they promote similar hemodynamic behavior to AS and RS.

Forearm endurance training attenuates sympathetic nerve response to isometric handgrip in normal humans

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1039-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Somers ◽  
K. C. Leo ◽  
R. Shields ◽  
M. Clary ◽  
A. L. Mark
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Nerve Response ◽  
The Right ◽  
Muscle Chemoreflex

Recent evidence indicates that muscle ischemia and activation of the muscle chemoreflex are the principal stimuli to sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) during isometric exercise. We postulated that physical training would decrease muscle chemoreflex stimulation during isometric exercise and thereby attenuate the SNA response to exercise. We investigated the effects of 6 wk of unilateral handgrip endurance training on the responses to isometric handgrip (IHG: 33% of maximal voluntary contraction maintained for 2 min). In eight normal subjects the right arm underwent exercise training and the left arm sham training. We measured muscle SNA (peroneal nerve), heart rate, and blood pressure during IHG before vs. after endurance training (right arm) and sham training (left arm). Maximum work to fatigue (an index of training efficacy) was increased by 1,146% in the endurance-trained arm and by only 40% in the sham-trained arm. During isometric exercise of the right arm, SNA increased by 111 +/- 27% (SE) before training and by only 38 +/- 9% after training (P less than 0.05). Endurance training did not significantly affect the heart rate and blood pressure responses to IHG. We also measured the SNA response to 2 min of forearm ischemia after IHG in five subjects. Endurance training also attenuated the SNA response to postexercise forearm ischemia (P = 0.057). Sham training did not significantly affect the SNA responses to IHG or forearm ischemia. We conclude that endurance training decreases muscle chemoreflex stimulation during isometric exercise and thereby attenuates the sympathetic nerve response to IHG.

scholarly journals Sex and exercise-mode differences in post-exercise blood pressure and heart rate variability responses during a workday

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Moraes Mariano ◽  
Daniela Coelho Domingos ◽  
Ana Luiza Amaral Ribeiro ◽  
Tiago Peçanha ◽  
Herbert Gustavo Simões ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Exercise Mode ◽  
Exercise Blood Pressure

The relationships between exercise intensity, heart rate, and blood pressure during an incremental isometric exercise test

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Wiles ◽  
Simon R. Allum ◽  
Damian A. Coleman ◽  
Ian L. Swaine
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Isometric Exercise
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