Acoustic Discrimination of Pathological Voice

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Parsa ◽  
Donald G. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Spectral Measures ◽  
Continuous Speech ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Acoustic Discrimination ◽  
Pathological Voice

We investigated the ability of acoustic measures to discriminate between normal and pathological talkers. Two groups of measures were compared: (a) those extracted from sustained vowels and (b) those based on continuous speech samples. Nine acoustic measures, which include fundamental frequency and amplitude perturbation measures, long term average spectral measures, and glottal noise measures were extracted from both sustained vowel and continuous speech samples. Our experiments were performed on a published database of 53 normal talkers and 175 talkers with a pathological voice. The classification performance of the nine acoustic measures was quantified using linear discriminant analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. When individual measures were considered in isolation, classification was more accurate for measures extracted from sustained vowels than for those based on continuous speech samples. Classification accuracy improved when combinations of acoustic parameters were considered. For such combinations of measures, classification results were comparable for measures extracted from continuous speech samples and for those based on sustained vowels.

Arterial stiffness is a potential mechanism and promising indicator of orthostatic hypotension in the general population

VASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingtao Meng ◽  
Si Wang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Shixi Wan ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a disease prevalent among middle-aged men and the elderly. The association between arterial stiffness and OH is unclear. This study evaluates whether arterial stiffness is correlated with OH and tests the usefulness of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an arterial stiffness marker, with regard to identifying OH. Patients and methods: A sample of 1,010 participants was recruited from the general population (64.8 ± 7.7 years; 426 men) who attended health check-ups. BaPWV and the radial augmentation index (rAI) were both assessed as the arterial stiffness markers, and OH was determined using blood pressure (BP) measured in the supine position, as well as 30 seconds and 2 minutes after standing. Results: The prevalence of OH in this population was 4.9 %. Compared with the non-OH group, both baPWV (20.5 ± 4.5 vs 17.3 ± 3.7, p < 0.001) and rAI (88.1 ± 10.8 vs 84.2 ± 10.7, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the OH group. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, baPWV (OR, 1.3; 95 % CI, 1.106–1.528; p < 0.05) remained associated with OH. Moreover, the degree of orthostatic BP reduction was related to arterial stiffness. In addition, increases in arterial stiffness predicted decreases in the degree of heart rate (HR) elevation. Finally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that baPWV was useful in discriminating OH (AUC, 0.721; p < 0.001), with the cut-off value of 18.58 m/s (sensitivity, 0.714; specificity, 0.686). Conclusions: Arterial stiffness determined via baPWV, rather than rAI, was significantly correlated with the attenuation of the orthostatic hemodynamic response and the resultant OH. The impaired baroreceptor sensitivity might be the mechanism. In addition, baPWV appears to be a relatively sensitive and reliable indicator of OH in routine clinical practice.

scholarly journals Presepsin values and prognostic nutritional index predict mortality in intensive care unit patients with sepsis: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Shimoyama ◽  
Osamu Umegaki ◽  
Noriko Kadono ◽  
Toshiaki Minami
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Prognostic Nutritional Index ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Nutritional Index

Abstract Objective Sepsis is a major cause of mortality for critically ill patients. This study aimed to determine whether presepsin values can predict mortality in patients with sepsis. Results Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Log-rank test, and multivariate analysis identified presepsin values and Prognostic Nutritional Index as predictors of mortality in sepsis patients. Presepsin value on Day 1 was a predictor of early mortality, i.e., death within 7 days of ICU admission; ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.84, sensitivity of 89%, and specificity of 77%; and multivariate analysis showed an OR of 1.0007, with a 95%CI of 1.0001–1.0013 (p = 0.0320).

scholarly journals Imaging Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Analysis to Differentiate Melanocytic Nevi and Malignant Melanoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3197
Author(s):  
Rita Casadonte ◽  
Mark Kriegsmann ◽  
Katharina Kriegsmann ◽  
Isabella Hauk ◽  
Rolf R. Meliß ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Imaging Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Melanocytic Nevi

The discrimination of malignant melanoma from benign nevi may be difficult in some cases. For this reason, immunohistological and molecular techniques are included in the differential diagnostic toolbox for these lesions. These methods are time consuming when applied subsequently and, in some cases, no definitive diagnosis can be made. We studied both lesions by imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) in a large cohort (n = 203) to determine a different proteomic profile between cutaneous melanomas and melanocytic nevi. Sample preparation and instrument setting were tested to obtain optimal results in term of data quality and reproducibility. A proteomic signature was found by linear discriminant analysis to discern malignant melanoma from benign nevus (n = 113) with an overall accuracy of >98%. The prediction model was tested in an independent set (n = 90) reaching an overall accuracy of 93% in classifying melanoma from nevi. Statistical analysis of the IMS data revealed mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) peaks which varied significantly (Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve > 0.7) between the two tissue types. To our knowledge, this is the largest IMS study of cutaneous melanoma and nevi performed up to now. Our findings clearly show that discrimination of melanocytic nevi from melanoma is possible by IMS.

scholarly journals Identification of an optimal prolactin threshold to determine prolactinoma size using receiver operating characteristic analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca M. Leca ◽  
Maria Mytilinaiou ◽  
Marina Tsoli ◽  
Andreea Epure ◽  
Simon J. B. Aylwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Pituitary Neoplasms ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Receiver Operating

AbstractProlactinomas represent the most common type of secretory pituitary neoplasms, with a therapeutic management that varies considerably based on tumour size and degree of hyperprolactinemia. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations and prolactinoma size, and to determine a cut-off PRL value that could differentiate micro- from macro-prolactinomas. A retrospective cohort study of 114 patients diagnosed with prolactinomas between 2007 and 2017 was conducted. All patients underwent gadolinium enhanced pituitary MRI and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed. 51.8% of patients in this study were men, with a mean age at the time of diagnosis of 42.32 ± 15.04 years. 48.2% of the total cohort were found to have microadenomas. Baseline serum PRL concentrations were strongly correlated to tumour dimension (r = 0.750, p = 0.001). When performing the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve was 0.976, indicating an excellent accuracy of the diagnostic method. For a value of 204 μg/L (4338 mU/L), sensitivity and specificity were calculated at 0.932 and 0.891, respectively. When a cut off value of 204 μg/L (4338 mU/L) was used, specificity was 93.2%, and sensitivity 89.1%, acceptable to reliably differentiate between micro- and macro- adenomas.

Abstract 1122‐000036: Demographic and Pharmacological Characteristics of Alzheimer Dementia Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment stratified by Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oreoluwa O Coker‐Ayo ◽  
Samuel Nathaniel ◽  
Chika Onuoha ◽  
Nneoma Madubuike ◽  
Lidadi Agbomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Alzheimer Dementia ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Specific Factors

Introduction : The role that specific clinical factors play in contributing to gender differences in Alzheimer’s patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is not yet fully understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological, demographic, and risk factors may contribute to gender difference in Alzheimer’s patients with MCI. Methods : Methods Data collected for 5 years was analyzed using a retrospective data analytical approach on 33,064 Alzheimer patients, including 13,569 men and 19,495 women that presented with MCI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate regression models were used to identify specific factors that contribute to gender differences in MCI patients. Results : Results Our records indicate that women that presented with MCI were more likely to be taking Buspirone (OR = 0.767, 95% CI, 0.683‐0.861, P<0.001) while men within this population were more likely to be taking Galantamine (OR = 0.559, 95% CI, 0.382‐0.818, P<0.001). ETOH use was associated with MCI in both men (OR = 0.696, 95% CI, 0.638‐0.760, P<0.001) and women with Alzheimer’s Dementia (OR = 0.484, 95% CI, 0.442‐0.529, P<0.001). Conclusions : Conclusion Our findings reveal gender differences in men and women that presented with MCI. Management strategies should consider identified factors to provide better care for Alzheimer patients with MCI.

Speech Waveform Perturbation Analysis

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders G. Askenfelt ◽  
Britta Hammarberg
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Pitch Period ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Perturbation Data ◽  
Acoustic Measure ◽  
Pathological Voice

The performance of seven acoustic measures of cycle-to-cycle variations (perturbations) in the speech waveform was compared. All measures were calculated automatically and applied on running speech. Three of the measures refer to the frequency of occurrence and severity of waveform perturbations in special selected parts of the speech, identified by means of the rate of change in the fundamental frequency. Three other measures refer to statistical properties of the distribution of the relative frequency differences between adjacent pitch periods. One perturbation measure refers to the percentage of consecutive pitch period differences with alternating signs. The acoustic measures were tested on tape recorded speech samples from 41 voice patients, before and after successful therapy. Scattergrams of acoustic waveform perturbation data versus an average of perceived deviant voice qualities, as rated by voice clinicians, are presented. The perturbation measures were compared with regard to the acoustic-perceptual correlation and their ability to discriminate between normal and pathological voice status. The standard deviation of the distribution of the relative frequency differences was suggested as the most useful acoustic measure of waveform perturbations for clinical applications.

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