scholarly journals Effectiveness of Interventions for Dysphagia in Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Pooja Gandhi ◽  
Catriona M. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Lee Silverman Voice Treatment ◽  
Voice Treatment ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Central Register

Purpose: Dysphagia is a common sequela of Parkinson disease (PD) and is associated with malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia, and mortality. This review article synthesized evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions for dysphagia in PD. Method: Electronic searches were conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, and speechBITE. Of the 2,015 articles identified, 26 met eligibility criteria: interventional or observational studies with at least five or more participants evaluating dysphagia interventions in adults with PD-related dysphagia, with outcomes measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), or electromyography (EMG). Risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated using the Evidence Project tool and predetermined criteria regarding the rigor of swallowing outcome measures. Results: Interventions were classified as follows: pharmacological ( n = 11), neurostimulation ( n = 8), and behavioral ( n = 7). Primary outcome measures varied across studies, including swallowing timing, safety, and efficiency, and were measured using VFSS ( n = 17), FEES ( n = 6), and EMG ( n = 4). Critical appraisal of study findings for RoB, methodological rigor, and transparency showed the majority of studies failed to adequately describe contrast media used, signal acquisition settings, and rater blinding to time point. Low certainty evidence generally suggested improved swallow timing with exercises with biofeedback and deep brain stimulation (DBS), improved safety with DBS and expiratory muscle strength training, and improved efficiency with the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment and levodopa. Conclusions: Studies with lower RoB and greater experimental rigor showed potential benefit in improving swallowing efficiency but not safety. Further research investigating discrete changes in swallowing pathophysiology post-intervention is warranted to guide dysphagia management in PD. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17132162

scholarly journals Metabolomics Studies in Psoriatic Disease: A Review

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
John Koussiouris ◽  
Nikita Looby ◽  
Melanie Anderson ◽  
Vathany Kulasingam ◽  
Vinod Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Psoriatic Disease ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Endogenous Metabolites

Metabolomics investigates a broad range of small molecules, allowing researchers to understand disease-related changes downstream of the genome and proteome in response to external environmental stimuli. It is an emerging technology that holds promise in identifying biomarkers and informing the practice of precision medicine. In this review, we summarize the studies that have examined endogenous metabolites in patients with psoriasis and/or psoriatic arthritis using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or mass spectrometry (MS) and were published through 26 January 2021. A standardized protocol was used for extracting data from full-text articles identified by searching OVID Medline ALL, OVID Embase, OVID Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and BIOSIS Citation Index in Web of Science. Thirty-two studies were identified, investigating various sample matrices and employing a wide variety of methods for each step of the metabolomics workflow. The vast majority of studies identified metabolites, mostly amino acids and lipids that may be associated with psoriasis diagnosis and activity. Further exploration is needed to identify and validate metabolomic biomarkers that can accurately and reliably predict which psoriasis patients will develop psoriatic arthritis, differentiate psoriatic arthritis patients from patients with other inflammatory arthritides and measure psoriatic arthritis activity.

Safety of Cochlear Implantation in Children 12 Months or Younger: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
pp. 019459982110677
Author(s):  
Firas Sbeih ◽  
Malek H. Bouzaher ◽  
Swathi Appachi ◽  
Seth Schwartz ◽  
Michael S. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Anesthetic Complications ◽  
Full Text Screening

Objective To systematically review the literature to determine safety of cochlear implantation in pediatric patients 12 months and younger. Data Source Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from inception to March 20, 2021. Review Methods Studies that involved patients 12 months and younger with report of intraoperative or postoperative complication outcomes were included. Studies selected were reviewed for complications, explants, readmissions, and prolonged hospitalizations. Two independent reviewers screened all studies that were selected for the systematic review and meta-analysis. All studies included were assessed for quality and risk of bias. Results The literature search yielded 269 studies, of which 53 studies underwent full-text screening, and 18 studies were selected for the systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 449 patients and 625 cochlear implants were assessed. Across all included studies, major complications were noted in 3.1% of patients (95% CI, 0.8-7.1) and 2.3% of cochlear implantations (95% CI, 0.6-5.2), whereas minor complications were noted in 2.4% of patients (95% CI, 0.4-6.0) and 1.8% of cochlear implantations (95% CI, 0.4-4.3). There were no anesthetic complications reported across all included studies. Conclusion The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that cochlear implantation in patients 12 months and younger is safe with similar rates of complications to older cohorts.

scholarly journals Complex and Unstable Simple Elbow Dislocations: A Review and Quantitative Analysis of Individual Patient Data

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen de Haan ◽  
Niels Schep ◽  
Wim Tuinebreijer ◽  
Dennis den Hartog
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
External Fixator ◽  
Individual Patient Data ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Functional Scores

Objective: The primary objective of this review of the literature with quantitative analysis of individual patient data was to identify the results of available treatments for complex elbow dislocations and unstable simple elbow dislocations. The secondary objective was to compare the results of patients with complex elbow dislocations and unstable elbow joints after repositioning of simple elbow dislocations, which were treated with an external fixator versus without an external fixator. Search Strategy: Electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Selection Criteria: Studies were eligible for inclusion if they included individual patient data of patients with complex elbow dislocations and unstable simple elbow dislocations. Data Analysis: The different outcome measures (MEPI, Broberg and Morrey, ASES, DASH, ROM, arthritis grading) are presented with mean and confidence intervals. Main Results: The outcome measures show an acceptable range of motion with good functional scores of the different questionnaires and a low mean arthritis score. Thus, treatment of complex elbow dislocations with ORIF led to a moderate to good result. Treatment of unstable simple elbow dislocations with repair of the collateral ligaments with or without the combination of an external fixator is also a good option. The physician-rated (MEPI, Broberg and Morrey), patient-rated (DASH) and physician- and patient-rated (ASES) questionnaires showed good intercorrelations. Arthritis classification by x-ray is only fairly correlated with range of motion. Elbow dislocations are mainly on the non-dominant side.

scholarly journals Lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19: A living systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Verdugo-Paiva ◽  
Ariel Izcovich ◽  
Martín Ragusa ◽  
Gabriel Rada
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.DesignThis is the protocol of a living systematic review.Data sourcesWe will conduct searches in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), grey literature and in a centralised repository in L·OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence). L·OVE is a platform that maps PICO questions to evidence from Epistemonikos database. In response to the COVID-19 emergency, L·OVE was adapted to expand the range of evidence it covers and customised to group all COVID-19 evidence in one place. The search will cover the period until the day before submission to a journal.Eligibility criteria for selecting studies and methodsWe adapted an already published common protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews to the specificities of this question.We will include randomised trials evaluating the effect of lopinavir/ritonavir— as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs — versus placebo or no treatment in patients with COVID-19. Randomised trials evaluating lopinavir/ritonavir in infections caused by other coronaviruses, such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, and non-randomised studies in COVID-19 will be searched in case no direct evidence from randomised trials is found, or if the direct evidence provides low- or very low-certainty for critical outcomes.Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. We will perform random-effects meta-analyses and use GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome.A living, web-based version of this review will be openly available during the COVID-19 pandemic. We will resubmit it if the conclusions change or there are substantial updates.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval is considered necessary. The results of this review will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, social networks and traditional media.PROSPERO RegistrationSubmitted to PROSPERO (awaiting ID allocation).

scholarly journals Effect of Rapid Maxillary Expansion on Mandibular Rotation—A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Priyanka Chhutani ◽  
Sonali Deshmukh ◽  
Sandeep Jethe ◽  
Sanket Agarkar ◽  
Sujata Yerawadekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

Objective: To evaluate the effect of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on mandibular rotation. Materials and Method: A systematic review of articles selected from 4 electronic databases—PUBMED, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinical Trials Registry, and Google Scholar—was carried out. Additional studies were hand-searched and retrieved from the reference lists of relevant articles. Studies published till August, 2019, were included in this study. Results: A total of 28 articles were identified through electronic database searching. 16 articles were obtained after elimination of duplicates which were then screened. Full-text articles were assessed according to the eligibility criteria. 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 14 clinical trials (CTs) were identified for inclusion in the review. These studies effectively highlighted the effect of RME on mandibular rotation, primarily in the clockwise direction. Conclusion: There is a moderate sum of evidence to illustrate the effect of RME on mandibular rotation. It can be concluded that RME brings about clockwise rotation of the mandible, ie in downward and backward directions, thereby increasing the lower anterior facial height. This effect could be attributed to the vertical maxillary movement and the extrusion of the maxillary molars.

Cochrane corner: water for wound cleansing

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Henton ◽  
A. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Central Register ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background: Although various solutions have been recommended for cleansing wounds, normal saline is favoured as it is an isotonic solution and does not interfere with the normal healing process. Tap water is commonly used in the community for cleansing wounds because it is easily accessible, efficient and cost effective; however, there is an unresolved debate about its use. Objectives: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of water compared with other solutions for wound cleansing. Search strategy: For this update we searched the Cochrane Wounds Group Specialised Register (Searched 22 February 2010); The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) ( The Cochrane Library, 2010 Issue 1); Ovid MEDLINE – 2007 to February Week 2 2010; Ovid MEDLINE – In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations (Searched19 February 2010); Ovid EMBASE – 2007 to 2010 Week 06; EBSCO CINAHL – 2007 to 22 February 2010. Selection criteria: Randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials that compared the use of water with other solutions for wound cleansing were eligible for inclusion. Additional criteria were outcomes that included objective or subjective measures of wound infection or healing. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently carried out trial selection, data extraction and quality assessment. We settled differences in opinion by discussion. We pooled some data using a random-effects model.

Urine Leukotriene E4: Implications as a Biomarker in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110110
Author(s):  
Garret Choby ◽  
Christopher M. Low ◽  
Joshua M. Levy ◽  
Janalee K. Stokken ◽  
Carlos Pinheiro-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Central Register

Objective To provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the emerging role of urine leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) as a biomarker in the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and asthma. Data Sources Ovid MEDLINE(R), Ovid EMBASE, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. Review Methods A state-of-the-art review was performed investigating the role of uLTE4 as a diagnostic biomarker, predictor of disease severity, and potential marker of selected therapeutic efficacy. Conclusions uLTE4 has been shown to be a reliable and clinically relevant biomarker for CRS, AERD, and asthma. uLTE4 is helpful in ongoing efforts to better endotype patients with CRS and to predict disease severity. Implications for Practice Aside from being a diagnostic biomarker, uLTE4 is also able to differentiate aspirin-tolerant patients from patients with AERD and has been associated with objective disease severity in patients with CRS with nasal polyposis. uLTE4 levels have also been shown to predict response to medical therapy, particularly leukotriene-modifying agents.

scholarly journals Metoclopramide for Milk Production in Lactating Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-463
Author(s):  
Nik Hazlina Nik Hussain ◽  
Norhayati Mohd Noor ◽  
Shaiful Bahari Ismail ◽  
Nur Amirah Zainuddin ◽  
Zaharah Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Milk Volume ◽  
Increase Milk Production

Background: Breastfeeding is recognized as the optimal form of nutrition for the physical and neurological development of infants and is considered the most significant way to prevent child mortality. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of metoclopramide for enhancing milk production in lactating women.Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and MEDLINE for randomized controlled trials comparing metoclopramide with a placebo, no treatment, or other galactagogue drugs. We included breastfeeding women with term or preterm infants.Results: We retrieved 164 records from our search of the electronic databases and 20 records from other sources. Eight trials involving 342 lactating women that used metoclopramide were included in this review after assessing the eligibility criteria. The meta-analysis of these trials revealed that metoclopramide did not increase the milk volume of the intervention groups compared to that of the control groups. There was a significant increase in the serum concentrations of prolactin when the mothers were administered metoclopramide. No significant adverse events were reported.Conclusion: Metoclopramide did not improve milk production in lactating women. Therefore, we do not recommend using metoclopramide to increase milk production in lactating women.

scholarly journals Sexual transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus and its role in the spread of COVID-19: A living systematic review protocol

Medwave ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. e8062-e8062
Author(s):  
Giuliano Duarte ◽  
Luis Ortiz-Muñoz ◽  
María Belén Morales ◽  
María Paz Acuña ◽  
Gabriel Rada
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective To provide a review of the literature on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the sexual fluids of patients with COVID-19 and to observe its possible sexual transmission in a timely, rigorous, and continuously updated manner. Data sources We will conduct searches in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), grey literature, and a centralized repository in L·OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence). L·OVE is a platform that maps PICO questions to evidence from the Epistemonikos database. In response to the COVID-19 emergency, L·OVE was adapted to expand the range of evidence it covers and customized to group all COVID-19 evidence in one place. The search will cover the period until the day before submission to a journal. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies and methods We adapted an already published standard protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews to the specificities of this question. We will include randomized trials evaluating the sexual transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Randomized trials evaluating the sexual transmission of other coronaviruses, such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, and non-randomized studies in COVID-19 will be searched if no direct evidence from randomized trials is found or if the direct evidence provides a low to a very low level of certainty for critical outcomes. Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. We will perform random-effects meta-analyses and use GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. A living, web-based version of this review will be openly available during the COVID-19 pandemic. We will resubmit the review if the conclusions change or if there are substantial updates. PROSPERO Registration (CRD42020189368).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document