Disparate Oral and Written Language Abilities in Adolescents With Cochlear Implants: Evidence From Narrative Samples

Author(s):  
Luke Breland ◽  
Joanna H. Lowenstein ◽  
Susan Nittrouer

Purpose: In spite of improvements in language outcomes for children with hearing loss (HL) arising from cochlear implants (CIs), these children can falter when it comes to academic achievement, especially in higher grades. Given that writing becomes increasingly relevant to educational pursuits as children progress through school, this study explored the hypothesis that one challenge facing students with CIs may be written language. Method: Participants were 98 eighth graders: 52 with normal hearing (NH) and 46 with severe-to-profound HL who used CIs. Oral and written narratives were elicited and analyzed for morphosyntactic complexity and global narrative features. Five additional measures were collected and analyzed as possible predictors of morphosyntactic complexity: Sentence Comprehension of Syntax, Grammaticality Judgment, Expressive Vocabulary, Forward Digit Span, and Phonological Awareness. Results: For oral narratives, groups performed similarly on both morphosyntactic complexity and global narrative features; for written narratives, critical differences were observed. Compared with adolescents with NH, adolescents with CIs used fewer markers of morphosyntactic complexity and scored lower on several global narrative features in their written narratives. Adolescents with NH outperformed those with CIs on all potential predictor measures, except for Sentence Comprehension of Syntax. Moderately strong relationships were found between predictor variables and individual measures of morphosyntactic complexity, but no comprehensive pattern explained the results. Measures of morphosyntactic complexity and global narrative features were not well correlated, suggesting these measures are assessing separate underlying constructs. Conclusions: Adolescents with CIs fail to show writing proficiency at high school entry equivalent to that of their peers with NH, which could constrain their academic achievement. Interventions for children with CIs need to target writing skills, and writing assessments should be incorporated into diagnostic assessments. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17139059

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody Harrison

Abstract Although outcomes for children with cochlear implants have been the focus of investigation in the past 20 years, children with hearing loss in the mild-to severe range have received much less attention from researchers. This brief article discusses the current state of knowledge regarding children with all degrees of hearing loss.


2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Yoshinaga-Itano

Abstract It is possible for children who are deaf or hard of hearing to attain language development comparable to their hearing peers, but these outcomes are not guaranteed. The population of children with hearing loss is a diverse population and although the variable of the age of identification is less variable, there are numerous variables that could potentially and have historically impacted language outcomes of children who are deaf or hard of hearing. Variables such as hearing loss, maternal level of education, and maternal bonding can overcome the benefits of earlier identification and intervention.


2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Monica Weston ◽  
Karen F. Muñoz ◽  
Kristina Blaiser

Purpose This study investigated average hours of daily hearing aid use and speech-language outcomes for children age 3 to 6 years of age with hearing loss. Method Objective measures of hearing aid use were collected via data logging. Speech and language measures included standardized measures GFTA-2, CELF Preschool-2 and additional item analyses for the word structure subtest CELF Preschool-2 and the GFTA-2. Results Hearing aid use was full time for 33% of the children (n=3; M=8.84 hours; Range: 2.9–12.1) at the beginning of the study, and for 78% at the end of the study (n=7; M=9.89 hours; Range 2.6–13.2). All participants demonstrated an improvement in articulation and language standard scores and percentiles however continued to demonstrate areas of weakness in sounds high-frequency in nature. Conclusions Through early identification and fitting, children gain access to speech sounds. Both standardized measures and individual language analysis should be used to identify and support children with hearing loss in language and subsequent literacy development.


Author(s):  
Yung-Ting Tsou ◽  
Boya Li ◽  
Carin H Wiefferink ◽  
Johan H M Frijns ◽  
Carolien Rieffe

AbstractEmpathy enables people to share, understand, and show concern for others’ emotions. However, this capacity may be more difficult to acquire for children with hearing loss, due to limited social access, and the effect of hearing on empathic maturation has been unexplored. This four-wave longitudinal study investigated the development of empathy in children with and without hearing loss, and how this development is associated with early symptoms of psychopathology. Seventy-one children with hearing loss and cochlear implants (CI), and 272 typically-hearing (TH) children, participated (aged 1–5 years at Time 1). Parents rated their children’s empathic skills (affective empathy, attention to others’ emotions, prosocial actions, and emotion acknowledgment) and psychopathological symptoms (internalizing and externalizing behaviors). Children with CI and TH children were rated similarly on most of the empathic skills. Yet, fewer prosocial actions were reported in children with CI than in TH children. In both groups, affective empathy decreased with age, while prosocial actions and emotion acknowledgment increased with age and stabilized when children entered primary schools. Attention to emotions increased with age in children with CI, yet remained stable in TH children. Moreover, higher levels of affective empathy, lower levels of emotion acknowledgment, and a larger increase in attention to emotions over time were associated with more psychopathological symptoms in both groups. These findings highlight the importance of social access from which children with CI can learn to process others’ emotions more adaptively. Notably, interventions for psychopathology that tackle empathic responses may be beneficial for both groups, alike.


Author(s):  
Alif Sholehen ◽  
Fajrinka Pralampito ◽  
Antonius Galih ◽  
Akbar Ghaus ◽  
Andi Airina ◽  
...  

Congenital deafness is a hearing loss disorder that occurs at birth and is one of the disorders that can cause complications when it is not treated.1 Children with hearing loss will face difficulties such as poor development outcomes, including poor speech and language skills and face difficulties with cognition and social-emotional interactions. Early intervention has been proven to be one of the most important factors leading to good outcomes for children with congenital hearing loss.2 This case study is intended to highlight the importance of early case detections, early interventions and how family support plays a crucial role in the development of children with hearing loss. With the support of her family, Ms. DRP has gone through several speech and hearing therapies since her surgery and has proven to have an above-average linguistic abilities, showing that early problem detection does not hinder the development and achievement of children with congenital hearing loss.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn Boulter

<p>This study added to existing data on home school effectiveness by comparing the academic achievement of 66 home school students with 66 of their grade-level peers in traditional public schools. The two groups of students were matched on gender, race, and grade level and were administered the Woodcock-Johnson Psychoeducational Battery III. No significant difference in overall academic achievement was found between the groups.  Both home school and public school students had average or above average scores in reading, math, written language, and broad knowledge (science, social studies, and humanities).  The results further revealed a downward trend in math, reading and broad knowledge scores with increasing grade level. This trend suggests that home school and public school students experience a “developmental mismatch” between the changes that occur in adolescence and their school/home experiences, resulting in lower motivation, confidence, and academic performance.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Vivian Annicchini Forner ◽  
Elvira Cristina Martins Tassoni

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar a narrativa como recurso para a produção de material empírico com grande potencial reflexivo. O uso de narrativas se deu no contexto de uma pesquisa participante do tipo intervenção que investigou as contribuições da música para o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos específicos relacionados à linguagem escrita, em alunos de 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental indicados pela equipe gestora de uma escola pública estadual em Campinas (São Paulo-Brasil) com defasagens no processo de alfabetização. A pesquisa baseou-se no referencial teórico histórico-cultural e na perspectiva discursiva da alfabetização. Inicialmente, são apresentados os aspectos teóricos que envolvem a narrativa; o seu uso como instrumento metodológico; para em seguida discorrer sobre as análises evidenciando o potencial reflexivo das narrativas orais e escrita. A narrativa foi utilizada antes do início, durante e após o período em que os encontros de intervenção ocorreram – ao todo 22 encontros com sete alunos de 4º ano durante o segundo semestre de 2016, registrados por videogravação e seguidos de transcrição literal. Para este artigo, trazemos a experiência vivida – priorizando a narrativa – com um dos alunos do grupo. A narrativa permitiu que as crianças se conscientizassem dos saberes produzidos durante as intervenções realizadas no decorrer da pesquisa, assim como, possibilitou capturar os movimentos de mudanças desses alunos em relação ao processo de aprendizagem. Pode-se, portanto, assumir esse procedimento metodológico como um recurso para a produção de um material empírico reflexivo que possibilita a formação do sujeito.Palavras-Chave: Alfabetização. Letramento. Música. Mediação Pedagógica. Pesquisa Intervenção.THE NARRATIVE AS A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL AND THE PRODUCTION OF EMPIRICAL REFLEXIVE MATERIALSAbstract The purpose of this article is to present the narrative as a great insightful potential resource when producing empirical material. In this research, the use of narrative is taken into a research-participant context, investigating the means which music contributes to the development of specific knowledges related to written language on 4th grade elementary students with delays in the literacy process, designated by the team manager of a public school in Campinas (São Paulo-Brazil). This research was based on the historical-cultural theoretical concept and on the discursive perspective of literacy. Initially, the theoretical aspects involving the narrative were presented as: its use as a methodological instrument; then running through the analysis as so to show its reflective potential of oral and written narratives. The narrative was used before, during and after the period in which the intervention meetings occurred – altogether, 22 meetings were held with seven fourth-year students during the second semester of 2016, recorded by videotape and followed by literal transcription. For this article, we convey the experience – prioritizing the narrative – with one of the students from the group. The narrative has allowed children to become aware of the knowledge produced during the interventions carried out through the research’s progress, as well as, has captured the movements of these student’s changes regarding their learning process. One can therefore assume this methodological procedure could be seen as a resource when producing empirical reflexive material that enables the foundation of a person.Keywords: Literacy. Reading-Writing Process. Music. Teaching Mediation. Intervention Research.LA NARRATIVA COMO PROPUESTA METODOLÓGICA Y LA PRODUCCIÓN DE MATERIALES EMPÍRICOS REFLEXIVOSResumenEl objetivo del artículo es presentar la narrativa como recurso para la producción de material empírico con gran potencial reflexivo. El uso de narrativas se dio en el contexto de una investigación participante del tipo intervención que investigó las contribuciones de la música para el desarrollo de conocimientos específicos relacionados al lenguaje escrito en alumnos de educación primária indicados por el equipo gestor de una escuela pública estadual en Campinas/SP con desfases en el proceso de alfabetización. La investigación se basó en el referencial teórico histórico-cultural y en la perspectiva discursiva de la alfabetización. Inicialmente, se presentan los aspectos teóricos que involucran la narrativa; su uso como instrumento metodológico; para luego discurrir sobre los análisis evidenciando el potencial reflexivo de las narrativas orales y escrita . La narrativa fue utilizada antes, durante y después del período en que los 22 encuentros de intervención ocurrieron con siete alumnos durante el segundo semestre de 2016, registrados por videograbación y seguidos de transcripción literal. Para este artículo, traemos la experiencia vivida – priorizando la narrativa – con uno de los alumnos del grupo. La narrativa permitió que los niños se dieron cuenta de los saberes producidos durante las intervenciones realizadas en el curso de la investigación, así como, posibilitó capturar los movimientos de cambios de esos alumnos en relación al proceso de aprendizaje. Así se puede asumir ese procedimiento metodológico como un recurso para la producción de un material empírico reflexivo que posibilita la formación del sujeto.Palabras Clave: Alfabetización. Letramento. Música. Mediación pedagógica. Investigación intervención.


2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. e82-e95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shani Joy Dettman ◽  
Richard Charles Dowell ◽  
Dawn Choo ◽  
Wendy Arnott ◽  
Yetta Abrahams ◽  
...  

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