A Study of Pharyngeal Speech

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Weinberg ◽  
Jan Westerhouse
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Laryngeal Papillomatosis ◽  
Alaryngeal Speech

Pharyngeal speech represents one of several types of alaryngeal speech; however, its use as a primary method of communication is rare. This report relates the principal findings of an intensive study of a 12-year-old girl with laryngeal papillomatosis who has used pharyngeal speech as an exclusive method of oral communication since age two. The unique physiologic mechanisms of pharyngeal speech are described and differentiated from other forms of alaryngeal speech. This girl’s reduced pharyngeal speech intelligibility for consonant and vowel rhyme-test words, her unfavorable phonation time and maximum phonation duration characteristics, her low average fundamental frequency, and her markedly hoarse pharyngeal voice quality all are distinct vocal liabilities. These findings lend strong support to the hypothesis that pharyngeal speech should not be regarded as a desirable or practical primary method of alaryngeal speech.

Acquisition of Esophageal Speech Subsequent to Learning Pharyngeal Speech: An Unusual Case Study

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
John K. Torgerson ◽  
Daniel E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Voice Therapy ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Alaryngeal Speech ◽  
Esophageal Speech ◽  
Different Types

Laryngectomees who are delayed in obtaining alaryngeal voice therapy may develop pharyngeal voice, an undesirable type of alaryngeal voice. Pharyngeal voice is usually self-developed; however, it may also be acquired in the clinical setting when the patient is being taught to inject air for esophageal sound production. This report describes the principal findings involving a laryngectomee who had developed and used pharyngeal speech as his primary method of communication for two years prior to enrollment in alaryngeal voice therapy. A clinical technique that was found to be successful in altering the pharyngeal voice to esophageal voice is reported. Findings pertaining to the overall intelligibility as well as vocal fundamental frequency of the two different types of alaryngeal speech are included.

A Factor Analysis of Oral Communication Skills in Older Children

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Marge
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Principal Axes ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Language Measures ◽  
Factor Analytic Method

The investigation reported here was concerned with the application of the factor analytic method to identify the factors which define oral communication abilities in older children. A study population of 143 preadolescent subjects was evaluated on 40 speech and language measures by classroom teachers and by speech specialists. An intercorrelation matrix of the 40 measures was computed and submitted to a factor analysis by means of the principal axes method. Seven factors were extracted which represent the human abilities underlying the dimensions of speech and language behavior studied. The factors were identified as follows: Factor 1—General Speaking Ability as Assessed by Speech Specialists; Factor 2—Motor Skill in Speaking; Factor 3—Speech Dominance; Factor 4—Non-distracting Speech Behavior; Factor 5—Voice Quality; Factor 6— Language Maturity; and Factor 7—General Speaking Ability as Assessed by Teachers.

A Study of Buccal Speech

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Weinberg ◽  
Jan Westerhouse
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Voice Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Normal Speaking

An intensive study of a normal-speaking subject, proficient in the use of buccal speech, was conducted. With respect to voice fundamental frequency variability, phonation time, and speaking rate his buccal speech characteristics compared favorably with those reported for excellent esophageal speakers. However, the reduced intelligibility of his buccal speech on rhyme-test words, the high average fundamental frequency of his buccal voice, and his conspicuous buccal gestures during speech represent distinct vocal liabilities.

Longstanding recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis: impact on voice quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 264 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lehto ◽  
Leena-Maija Aaltonen ◽  
Heikki Rihkanen
Keyword(s):  
Voice Quality ◽  
Laryngeal Papillomatosis

scholarly journals Comparison of fundamental frequency and formants frequency measurements in two speech tasks

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Viegas ◽  
Danieli Viegas ◽  
Glaucio Serra Guimarães ◽  
Margareth Maria Gomes de Souza ◽  
Ronir Raggio Luiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
T Test ◽  
Speech Signals ◽  
Frequency Measurements ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Voice And Speech

ABSTRACT Purpose: to compare the measurements of fundamental frequency (F0) and frequency of the first two formants (F1 and F2) of the seven oral vowels of the Brazilian Portuguese in two speech tasks, in adults without voice and speech disorders. Methods: eighty participants in the age range 18 and 40 years, paired by gender, were selected after orofacial, orthodontic and auditory-perceptual assessments of voice and speech. The speech signals were obtained from carrier phrases and sustained vowels and the values of the F0 and frequencies of F1 and F2 were estimated. The differences were verified through the t Test, and the effect size was calculated. Results: differences were found in the F0 measurements between the two speech tasks, in two vowels in males, and in five vowels, in females. In the F1 frequencies, differences were noted in six vowels, in men, and in two, in women. In the F2 frequencies, there was a difference in four vowels, in men, and three, in women. Conclusion: based on the differences found, it is concluded that the speech task for evaluation of fundamental frequency and formants’ frequencies, in the Brazilian Portuguese, can show distinct results in both glottal and supraglottal measures in the production of different oral vowels of this language. Thus, it is suggested that clinicians and researchers consider both forms of emission for a more accurate interpretation of the implications of these data in the evaluation of oral communication and therapeutic conducts.

Research of Enhanced Speech Signal Based on MATLAB Simulation Platform

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 1124-1128
Author(s):  
Yi Long You ◽  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Bu Lei Zuo ◽  
Feng Xiang You
Keyword(s):  
Speech Signal ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Signal Enhancement ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Simulation Platform ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
The Voice

Although traditional algorithms can led to suppressed voice in the noise, but the distortion of the voice is inevitable. An introduction is made as to the speech signal enhancement with an improved threshold method. Compared MATLAB experimental simulation on simulated platform with traditional enhanced algorithm, this paper aims to verify this method can effectively remove the noise in the signal, enhanced voice quality, improve speech intelligibility, and achieve the effect of the enhanced speech signal.

The usefulness of the acoustic and the capacity analysis of singing voice

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Joanna Nowosielska-Grygiel ◽  
Jurek Olszewski
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Capacity Analysis ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Singing Voice ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Military ◽  
Relative Period

Abstract Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the acoustic and capacity analysis of singing voice using DiagnoScope Specialist software. Material and methods: The study was conducted in 120 adults subjects, including 74 women and 46 men aged 21-5, were divided into 3 groups: I -40 subjects (treatment group) – professional vocalists, II- 40 subjects (treatment group) – semiprofessional vocalists, III- 40 subjects (control group) – students of The Military Medical Faculty at Medical University of Lodz – nonsingers. The research methodology included: primary medical history, physical examination (otolaryngological), vdeolaryngoscopic examination, the GRBAS scale for subjective voice evaluation, diagnostic voice acoustic and capacity analysis using DiagnoScope Specialist software, survey on lifestyle patterns which may affect voice quality. Results: Average value of the fundamental frequency F0 was the highest in professional vocalists’ group was 316,46 Hz in women and 165,09 Hz in men, in semiprofessional vocalists’ group was accordingly 260,50 Hz and 149,26 Hz, in nonsingers’ group was accordingly 261,23 Hz and 159, 27 Hz. Average value of Jitter parameter in professional vocalists’ group was 0,30% in women and 0,54% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists’ group was accordingly 0,31% and 0,57%, in nonsingers’ group was 0,31% and 0,56%. Average value of Shimmer parameter in professional vocalists’ group was 3,27% in women and 3,75% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists’ group was accordingly 3,46% and 3,77%, in nonsingers’ group was 4,33% and 4,39%. Average value of NHR index in professional vocalists’ group was 3,28% in women and 6,00% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists’ group was accordingly 3,23% and 6,72%, in nonsingers’ group was 3,89% and 6,13%. Conclusions: Values of the parameters which are measuring the character of the voice, relative period-to-period fundamental frequency perturbations, relative period-to-period amplitude perturbation and level of buzzing together with other methods have diagnostic and predictive value in early detection of voice disorders. Capacity analysis in singing voice showed very low values of the following parameters: phonation time, true phonation time, no phonation coefficient, voice efficiency coefficient and voice capacity. Key words: The acoustic and capacity analysis, singing voice

Instrumental and Perceptual Evidence for Tracheoesophageal Speech

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 658-658
Author(s):  
Sakina S. Drummond ◽  
Kathy Krueger ◽  
Jess Dancer ◽  
Gretchen Spring
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Alaryngeal Speech ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Speech ◽  
Perceptual Evidence

With 8 men, two methods of alaryngeal speech production, tracheoesophageal and electrolaryngeal, were compared on perceptual and acoustic measures of speech intelligibility. Measures consistently identified the tracheoesophageal speech as superior to electrolaryngeal speech.

“Pitch” Accent in Alaryngeal Speech

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1106-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. van Rossum ◽  
G. de Krom ◽  
S. G. Nooteboom ◽  
H. Quené
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Pitch Perception ◽  
Pitch Accent ◽  
Alaryngeal Speech ◽  
Preceding Context ◽  
Acoustic Analyses ◽  
Pitch System ◽  
Laryngeal Control

Highly proficient alaryngeal speakers are known to convey prosody successfully. The present study investigated whether alaryngeal speakers not selected on grounds of proficiency were able to convey pitch accent (a pitch accent is realized on the word that is in focus, cf. Bolinger, 1958). The participating speakers (10 tracheoesophageal, 9 esophageal, and 10 laryngeal [control] speakers) produced sentences in which accent was cued by the preceding context. For each utterance, a group of listeners identified which word conveyed accent. All speakers were able to convey accent. Acoustic analyses showed that some alaryngeal speakers had little or no control over fundamental frequency. Contrary to expectation, these speakers did not compensate by using nonmelodic cues, whereas speakers using F0 did use nonmelodic cues. Thus, temporal and intensity cues are concomitant with the use of F0; if F0 is affected, these nonmelodic cues will be as well. A pitch perception experiment confirmed that alaryngeal speakers who had no control over F0 and who did not use nonmelodic cues were nevertheless able to produce pitch movements. Speakers with no control over F0 apparently relied on an alternative pitch system to convey accents and other pitch movements.

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