The Occlusion Effect in Unilateral Functional Hearing Loss

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Gary Thompson ◽  
Marie Denman
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
The Right ◽  
Occlusion Effect

Bone-conduction tests were administered to subjects who feigned a hearing loss in the right ear. The tests were conducted under two conditions: With and without occlusion of the non-test ear. It was anticipated that the occlusion effect, a well-known audiological principle, would operate to draw low frequency bone-conducted signals to the occluded side in a predictable manner. Results supported this expectation and are discussed in terms of their clinical implications.

Effects of Occlusion and Conductive Hearing Loss on Bone-Conducted cVEMP

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982094490
Author(s):  
Hadar Rotem Betito ◽  
Mordechai Himmelfarb ◽  
Ophir Handzel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
The Right ◽  
Occlusion Effect ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Objective To evaluate the effects of conductive hearing loss and occlusion on bone-conducted cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs). Study Design Prospective cohort study conducted in the year 2018. The right ear of each volunteer was evaluated under 3 conditions by using bone-conducted cVEMPs: normal (open external auditory canal), occluded (conductive hearing loss with occlusion effect), and closed (conductive hearing loss without the occlusion effect). Setting Single academic center. Subjects and Methods The study comprised 30 healthy volunteers aged 20 to 35 years (16 women, 14 men). All had normal hearing and no vestibular or auditory pathologies. The thresholds and amplitudes of cVEMP responses were recorded for the 3 conditions. The results of each condition for a particular participant were compared. Results As compared with the open condition, the conductive condition increased thresholds by 2.8 dB ( P = .01), and the occluded condition decreased thresholds by 3.8 dB ( P = .008). The amplitude in the occluded condition was larger than the normal condition and the conductive condition (mean difference: 20.64 [ P = .009] and 31.76 [ P < .001], respectively) Conclusion The occlusion effect is present in cVEMP responses. The mechanism is not due to the conductive hearing loss induced. Clinical implications include potentially altering vestibular function with sealed hearing aids and in the surgically modified ears (ie, obliterated ears and open cavity mastoidectomy).

Observations on the Relations among Occlusion Effect, Compliance, and Vent Size

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 025-037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Carle ◽  
Søren Laugesen ◽  
Claus Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Occlusion Effect ◽  
Clinical Experiment

In a clinical experiment, it was found that there is a high correlation between the compliance measured by tympanometry and the minimum size of the earmold vent, which just solves the client's occlusion problem related to his/her own voice when using a hearing aid. For ears with sensorineural hearing losses, compliance explained 59 percent of the variation in vent size, whereas the average low-frequency hearing loss explained as little as 0.3 percent. In a laboratory experiment, the objective occlusion effect measured with the participants' own voices showed a similar relationship with compliance. Whereas the former relationship between compliance and vent size may be explained by a simple model, the latter relationship turns out to be the opposite of what a firstorder model predicts. Hence, compliance must be indicative of another aspect of the occlusion mechanism, which has a more profound influence on the observed occlusion effect than compliance itself.

Evaluation of Hardwire Personal Assistive Listening Devices

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Dempsey ◽  
Mark Ross
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Potential Benefits

A large number of personal amplifiers have recently become available commercially. These devices have not been classified as hearing aids by the FDA and are therefore not subject to the FDA rules and regulations governing the sales of hearing aid devices. In this investigation, several of these personal amplifiers were evaluated to determine potential benefits and problems for each device. The devices were evaluated electroacoustically and, also, subjectively by a group of adults with sensorineural hearing loss. The results of the electroacoustic evaluation revealed very sharply peaked frequency responses. The subjective evaluations revealed tremendous variability, with some preferences for power and low-frequency amplification. Clinical implications of these results and suggestions for further research are provided.

Bone conduction auditory brainstem responses in infants

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Campbell ◽  
C. M. Harris ◽  
S. Hendricks ◽  
T. Sirimanna
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Narrow Dynamic Range

The contribution of air conduction auditory brainstem response (AC-ABR) testing in the paediatric population is widely accepted in clinical audiology. However, this does not allow for differentiation between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. The purpose ofthis paper is to review the role of bone conduction auditory brainstem responses (BC-ABR). It is argued that despite such technical difficulties as a narrow dynamic range, masking dilemmas, stimulus artifact and low frequency underestimation of hearing loss, considerable evidence exists to suggest that BC-ABR testing provides an important contribution in the accurate assessmentof hearing loss in infants. Modification of the BC-ABR protocol is discussed and the technical difficulties that may arise are addressed, permitting BC-ABR to be used as a tool in the differential diagnosis between conductive and sensorineural hearing. Two relevant case studies are presented to highlight the growing importance of appropriate management in early identification of hearing loss. It can be concluded that BC-ABR should be adopted as a routine clinical diagnostic tool.

Psychophysical and Physical Techniques for Measuring the Attenuation of Hearing Protectors in the Field

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
pp. 999-1003
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Mauney
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Hearing Protectors ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Hearing Protector ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Occlusion Effect

A field-implementable measure is needed to estimate the attenuation workers achieve with their hearing protectors in the field. Manufacturer-supplied values overestimate in-field attenuation and reliance on these values could result in greater noise exposure, thus contributing to hearing loss. Alternative measures for assessing a hearing protector's effectiveness were evaluated through comparison to the standardized real-ear attenuation at threshold (1/3-REAT) method (ANSI S3.19-1974). These measures, termed microphone in real ear (MIRE), used miniature microphones underneath and outside of the hearing protector to physically measure the attenuation of the protector using both insertion loss (IL-MIRE) and noise reduction (NR-MIRE) techniques. Results indicate that the MIRE measures differ significantly from the 1/3-REAT method (a psychophysical technique) for attenuation collapsed across protectors, with absolute differences as great as 6.6 dB and the direction of the difference changing due to frequency. At 125 Hz, the MIRE metrics yielded lower attenuation, while from 500 to 8000 Hz, the 1/3-REAT method generally yielded lower attenuation. These differences may be due in part to the occlusion effect and the bone conduction of sound. The size and consistency of these differences across HPDs suggest that these measures hold promise for providing quick and relatively accurate estimations of an HPD's attenuation in the field.

Audiometric Bing Test for Determination of Minimum Masking Levels for Bone-Conduction Tests

1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick N. Martin ◽  
Ernest C. Butler ◽  
Paul Burns
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Occlusion Effect ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Occlusion effects were determined and compared on three groups of subjects (20 normal hearers, 20 with conductive hearing loss, and 20 with sensorineural hearing loss). As in previous studies, the occlusion effects of the conductive group were clearly different from those of the other two groups, especially at 250 Hz. Two procedures are discussed which use the principle of the Bing test to determine when and how to compensate for the occlusion effect while masking for bone conduction.

scholarly journals Hearing Loss Is Associated with Increased Variability in Double Support Period in the Elderly

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Betsy Szeto ◽  
Damiano Zanotto ◽  
Erin M. Lopez ◽  
John A. Stafford ◽  
John S. Nemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
The Right

Hearing loss is a disabling condition that increases with age and has been linked to difficulties in walking and increased risk of falls. The purpose of this study is to investigate changes in gait parameters associated with hearing loss in a group of older adults aged 60 or greater. Custom-engineered footwear was used to collect spatiotemporal gait data in an outpatient clinical setting. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the relationship between spatiotemporal gait parameters and high and low frequency hearing thresholds of the poorer hearing ear, the left ear, and the right ear, respectively, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory–Screening version score. Worsening high and low frequency hearing thresholds were associated with increased variability in double support period. Effects persisted after adjusting for the effects of age and perceived vestibular disability and were greater for increases in hearing thresholds for the right ear compared to the left ear. These findings illustrate the importance of auditory feedback for balance and coordination and may suggest a right ear advantage for the influence of auditory feedback on gait.

Mondini-like malformation mimicking otosclerosis and superior semicircular canal dehiscence

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Karlberg ◽  
M Annertz ◽  
M Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Semicircular Canal ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ◽  
Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence ◽  
Superior Semicircular Canal ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Canal Dehiscence

In 2003, it was reported that superior semicircular canal dehiscence can mimic otosclerosis because of low-frequency bone conduction hearing gain and dissipation of air-conducted acoustic energy through the dehiscence. We report the case of a 17-year-old girl with left-sided combined hearing loss thought to be due to otosclerosis. Bone conduction thresholds were −10 dB at 250 and 500 Hz and she had a 40 dB air–bone gap at 250 Hz. When a tuning fork was placed at her ankle she heard it in her left ear. Acoustic reflexes and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials could be elicited bilaterally. Imaging of the temporal bones showed no otosclerosis, superior semicircular canal dehiscence or large vestibular aqueduct, but a left-sided, Mondini-like dysplasia of the cochlea with a modiolar deficiency could be seen. Mondini-like cochlear dysplasia should be added to the causes of inner-ear conductive hearing loss.

Sensorineural hearing loss caused by a high jugular bulb

2000 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 867-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsunobu Tsunoda
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Jugular Bulb ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
High Jugular Bulb ◽  
Low Tone ◽  
Round Window Niche ◽  
The Right

A 15 – year – old female presented with sensorineural hearing loss related to a high jugular bulb. She noticed temporary worsening of her right hearing with mild dizziness when her neck was compressed whereas she noticed no change in her left hearing. An audiogram showed temporary worsening of low tone bone – conduction on such occasions. A large jugular bulb covering the right round window was observed through the perforation. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a large jugular bulb obliterating the round window niche. Deterioration of bone conduction during neck compression was thought to be caused by the protrusion of the jugular bulb into the inner ear via the round window. This case suggested the possibility of sensorineural hearing loss due to the jugular bulb. As in the present case, jugular bulb or vein -related ear disorders should be examined by neck compression.

Patient with an SLC26A4 gene mutation who had low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss and endolymphatic hydrops

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Yoshida ◽  
M Sone ◽  
S Naganawa ◽  
T Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Endolymphatic Hydrops ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Right

AbstractObjective:To report magnetic resonance imaging findings in a patient with an SLC26A4 gene mutation who had low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss.Case report:A 13-year-old girl had bilateral and symmetric low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Upon genetic testing, a heterozygous c.1105A > G (p.K369E) mutation of the SLC26A4 gene was detected. Mild endolymphatic hydrops in the right cochlea and marked endolymphatic hydrops in the left vestibulum were seen by magnetic resonance imaging 4 hours after an intravenous gadolinium injection.Conclusion:This is the first reported case of a patient with the SLC26A4 gene mutation c.1105A > G (p.K369E) who had low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Co-occurrence of cochlear and vestibular endolymphatic hydrops suggests an association with that pathology.

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