Descriptive Analysis: Survey of Direct and Indirect Interventions for Persons With Dementia-Based Communication Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Paul ◽  
Joni Mehrhoff
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Caregiver Training ◽  
Errorless Learning ◽  
Verbal Instruction ◽  
Spaced Retrieval ◽  
Indirect Technique

Results of a survey made available to SIG 2 and SIG 15 affiliates via the SIG listservs revealed information on direct and indirect interventions utilized for persons with dementia-based communication disorders. Fifty-eight practicing speech-language pathologists (SLPs) participated and reported using the following direct interventions most frequently: specific verbal instruction, cognitive stimulation, memory wallet, spaced retrieval, and errorless learning. The overwhelming majority of participants utilized caregiver training as the most frequent indirect technique. Barriers and facilitators to providing intervention for persons with dementia-related communication disorders were identified.

scholarly journals Characterization of self-reported communication disorders in elderly women living in Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Geovanna Moraes Crispim ◽  
Aldo Pacheco Ferreira ◽  
Terezinha Lima Silva ◽  
Euler Esteves Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Frequency Distributions

OBJECTIVES: Characterize self-reported communication disorders highlighting the association between variables of health conditions, socio-demographic factors, lifestyle, hearing loss and diseases in an elderly group. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted from August to December 2012, with 159 women aged 60 or more, recruited at UnATI/UEA (University of the Third Age, University of the State of Amazonas), Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. The subjects were interviewed and asked for self-reported communications disorders. Descriptive analysis was performed using central tendency and dispersion measures for continuous variables and frequency distributions for categorical variables and the prevalence of self-reported language disorders was estimated. To verify the presence of statistically significant differences it was used χ2, considering the significance level of 5% (p≤0.05). RESULTS: Communication disorders were reported by 8.18% of elderly women. The following deficits were reported: intelligibility (6.92%), oral comprehension (10.69%), lexical access (10.69%), and recent memory (38.36%). Reading and writing difficulties were informed by 5.66% and 6.92%, respectively. Among the illiterate group, 20% declared communication disorders, while the literate group, 8.44%. Statistical association was verified between communication disorders and self-reported hearing loss (p=0.03). Association was not detected between communication disorders and diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the diversity of communication disorders within this population, further studies are needed to assess if changes occur at the aging process and how they work so that possibilities for prevention can be discussed.

Memory Rehabilitation Techniques for People with Early-Stage Dementia

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Clare ◽  
Barbara A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Errorless Learning ◽  
Learning Paradigm ◽  
Spaced Retrieval ◽  
Optimal Balance ◽  
Memory Rehabilitation ◽  
Specific Learning ◽  
Effortful Processing

Summary: Errorless learning (EL) can be supported through a variety of specific learning methods, which may vary along other parameters including for example the degree of effortful processing required. In memory rehabilitation for people with early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD), achieving the optimal balance between elimination of errors and active, effortful processing during learning is likely to be critical. This paper describes a comparison of four different errorless methods in a single case experimental design. The participant, who had a diagnosis of early-stage AD, attempted to relearn forgotten face-name associations using one of four methods: Spaced retrieval, mnemonic elaboration, cueing with increasing assistance, and cueing with decreasing assistance. Best results were achieved in the mnemonic and cueing with increasing assistance conditions, while cueing with decreasing assistance produced the least learning. It is suggested that, within an errorless learning paradigm, strategies requiring more effortful processing may produce superior gains compared to strategies relying on implicit or passive processing. This has important implications for clinical rehabilitation interventions for people with early-stage dementia.

scholarly journals Comparing the Perceptions of Interprofessional Socialization Among Health Profession Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Aul ◽  
Jody Long
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Health Profession ◽  
Professional Roles ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Student Collaboration ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Nutritional Science ◽  
Collaborative Activities ◽  
Professional Roles And Responsibilities

Introduction: Based on a review of literature, there is a gap of knowledge on how students perceive the professional roles and responsibilities of other disciplines. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of interprofessional socialization among health profession students. Subjects: Participants included 300 undergraduate and 114 graduate students from eight health disciplines: nursing, communication disorders, physical therapy, social work, radiological science, occupational therapy, clinical lab science, and nutritional science. Methods: Data were collected using the Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS-21). The participants rated 21 items about their beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes of interprofessional socialization on a Likert scale from 1-7, with 1 being not at all and 7 being to a very great extent. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance was conducted to compare the health disciplines for differences. Results: Descriptive analysis revealed that 95.2% of students perceived an awareness of interprofessional socialization as occurring from a fairly great extent to a great extent, with means of 5.12 or higher on the 1-7 scale. There were no significant differences between the health disciplines. Conclusion: Findings suggest that students have the readiness to understand each other’s professional roles and responsibilities. Although there are no standardized educational strategies to facilitate student collaboration between disciplines, considerations for future interprofessional collaborative activities are indicated.

scholarly journals Perceived barriers and facilitators to goals of care discussions in the emergency department: A descriptive analysis of the views of emergency medicine physicians and residents

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niran Argintaru ◽  
Kieran L. Quinn ◽  
Lucas B. Chartier ◽  
Jacques Lee ◽  
Paul Hannam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
Goals Of Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Palliative Care Services

AbstractObjectiveFew studies have examined the challenges faced by emergency medicine (EM) physicians in conducting goals of care discussions. This study is the first to describe the perceived barriers and facilitators to these discussions as reported by Canadian EM physicians and residents.MethodsA team of EM, palliative care, and internal medicine physicians developed a survey comprising multiple choice, Likert-scale and open-ended questions to explore four domains of goals-of-care discussions: training; communication; environment; and patient beliefs.ResultsSurveys were sent to 273 EM staff and residents in six sites, and 130 (48%) responded. Staff physicians conducted goals-of-care discussions several times per month or more, 74.1% (80/108) of the time versus 35% (8/23) of residents. Most agreed that goals-of-care discussions are within their scope of practice (92%), they felt comfortable having these discussions (96%), and they are adequately trained (73%). However, 66% reported difficulty initiating goals-of-care discussions, and 54% believed that admitting services should conduct them. Main barriers were time (46%), lack of a relationship with the patient (25%), patient expectations (23%), no prior discussions (21%), and the inability to reach substitute decision-makers (17%). Fifty-four percent of respondents indicated that the availability of 24-hour palliative care consults would facilitate discussions in the emergency department (ED).ConclusionsImportant barriers to discussing goals of care in the ED were identified by respondents, including acuity and lack of prior relationship, highlighting the need for system and environmental interventions, including improved availability of palliative care services in the ED.

The Effects of Spaced Retrieval Combined With Errorless Learning in Institutionalized Elders With Dementia

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-Shan Wu ◽  
Li-Chan Lin ◽  
Shu-Chun Su ◽  
Shiao-Chi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Errorless Learning ◽  
Spaced Retrieval
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