Glycaemic control and in vivo non-oxidative Maillard reaction: urinary excretion of pyrraline in diabetes patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 767-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. PORTERO-OTIN ◽  
R. PAMPLONA ◽  
M. J. BELLMUNT ◽  
M. BERGUA ◽  
J. PRAT
Keyword(s):  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Maillard Reaction ◽  
Diabetes Patients

ÉTUDES IN VIVO SUR LE MÉTABOLISME DES ANDROGÉNES APRES ADMINISTRATION DE STÉROÏDES INHIBITEURS DE L'OVULATION

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mauvais-Jarvis ◽  
M. F. Jayle ◽  
J. Decourt ◽  
J. Louchart ◽  
J. Truffert
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hormone Activity ◽  
Testosterone Production ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Ethinyl Oestradiol

ABSTRACT Normal subjects and hirsute women with micropolycystic ovaries were treated with ethinyl-oestrenol + 3-methoxy-ethinyl-oestradiol (Lyndiol®), in view of studying the action of this compound on the production of androgens and on the urinary excretion of their metabolites. In normal men, the production of testosterone and the excretion of androsterone and aetiocholanolone are suppressed, whereas the excretion of other 17-ketosteroids and the production of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate are unchanged. Moreover, the luteinizing hormone activity (LH) in plasma is depressed. It seems that the preparation inhibits specifically the testicular androgen production, by suppressing the hypothalamo-hypophyseal control of LH. Testosterone production and urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion are modified in the same way in women with Stein-Leventhal's syndrome. Physiopathological and therapeutical implications which come from these results are discussed.

ATYPICAL ADRENAL HYPERFUNCTION: IN VIVO STUDIES AND INCUBATIONS OF ADRENAL TISSUE WITH 4-14C PROGESTERONE

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S5-S34
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Goldzieher ◽  
Leonard R. Axelrod ◽  
Arthur S. Weissbein
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Adrenal Tissue ◽  
Adrenal Hyperfunction

ABSTRACT Six women with atypical forms of adrenal cortical hyperfunction were studied by means of urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticoids and their response to ACTH stimulation and corticosteroid suppression. Unusual responses were observed, particularly with respect to the independence of 17-KS and 17-OHCS excretion. The adrenals of 3 patients were anatomically normal whereas the others showed hyperplasia. Minced adrenal tissue was incubated with 4-14C progesterone and the metabolites isolated and definitively identified. The pattern of biosynthesized corticosteroids showed great variation, and in some instances clarified certain clinical features. The pattern of certain C19-metabolites could not be studied adequately because of the use of a Δ4 rather than a Δ5 substrate.

scholarly journals Procyanidins are not bioavailable in rats fed a single meal containing a grapeseed extract or the procyanidin dimer B3

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Donovan ◽  
Adam Lee ◽  
Claudine Manach ◽  
Laurent Rios ◽  
Christine Morand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
Nutritional Effects ◽  
Grapeseed Extract

Flavanols are the most abundant flavonoids in the human diet where they exist as monomers, oligomers and polymers. In the present study, catechin, the procyanidin dimer B3 and a grapeseed extract containing catechin, epicatechin and a mixture of procyanidins were fed to rats in a single meal. After the meals, catechin and epicatechin were present in conjugated forms in both plasma and urine. In contrast, no procyanidins or conjugates were detected in the plasma or urine of any rats. Procyanidins were not cleaved into bioavailable monomers and had no significant effects on the plasma levels or urinary excretion of the monomers when supplied together in the grapeseed extract. We conclude that the nutritional effects of dietary procyanidins are unlikely to be due to procyanidins themselves or monomeric metabolites with the intact flavonoid-ring structure, as they do not exist at detectable concentrations in vivo. Future research should focus on other procyanidin metabolites such as phenolic acids and on the effects of the unabsorbed oligomers and polymers on the human gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Assessment of Endothelial Function, Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity, Nitric Oxide–Mediated Signaling, and Oxidative Stress in Individuals with and without Hypercholesterolemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renke Maas ◽  
Edzard Schwedhelm ◽  
Lydia Kahl ◽  
Huige Li ◽  
Ralf Benndorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
No Oxidation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
No Production

Abstract Background: Endothelial function is impaired in hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Based on mostly indirect evidence, this impairment is attributed to reduced synthesis or impaired biological activity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). It was the aim of this study to directly estimate and compare whole-body NO production in normo- and hypercholesterolemia by applying a nonradioactive stable isotope dilution technique in vivo. Methods: We enrolled 12 normocholesterolemic and 24 hypercholesterolemic volunteers who were all clinically healthy. To assess whole-body NO synthesis, we intravenously administered l-[guanidino-(15N2)]-arginine and determined the urinary excretion of 15N-labeled nitrate, the specific end product of NO oxidation in humans, by use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, we measured flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, expression of endothelial NOS (eNOS) in platelets, plasma concentration of the endogenous NOS inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and urinary excretion of 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α). Results: After infusion of l-[guanidino-(15N2)]-arginine, cumulative excretion of 15N-labeled-nitrate during 48 h was 40% [95% CI 15%–66%] lower in hypercholesterolemic than normocholesterolemic volunteers [mean 9.2 (SE 0.8) μmol vs 15.4 (2.3) μmol/l, P = 0.003]. FMD was on average 36% [4%–67%] lower in hypercholesterolemic than normocholesterolemic volunteers [6.3 (4.0)% vs 9.4 (4.6)%, P = 0.027]. Normalized expression of NOS protein in platelets was also significantly lower in hypercholesterolemic volunteers, whereas there were no significant differences in plasma ADMA concentration or urinary excretion of 8-iso-PGF2α between the 2 groups. Conclusions: This study provides direct evidence for a decreased whole body NO synthesis rate in healthy people with hypercholesterolemia.

436-P: Low Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes Patients with a Long-Term Modernly Treated Disease and Very Good Glycaemic Control: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 436-P
Author(s):  
PAULINA SUROWIEC ◽  
BARTłOMIEJ MATEJKO ◽  
MARIANNA KOPKA ◽  
AGNIESZKA FILEMONOWICZ-SKOCZEK ◽  
TOMASZ KLUPA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Good Glycaemic Control ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Diabetes Patients

ANDROGEN METABOLISM IN CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA DUE TO 11 β-HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
S. Douglas Frasier ◽  
Richard Horton ◽  
Robert A. Ulstrom
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Metabolic Clearance Rate ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Glucocorticoid Administration

The plasma concentration of androstenedione and testosterone, metabolic clearance rate of androstenedione, and in vivo conversion ratio of androstenedione to testosterone have been studied in a normotensive 5-year-old female with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to a deficiency of 11 β-hydroxylase. Prior to glucocorticoid administration, the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids varied from 2.2 to 4.9 mg/24 hours, urinary excretion of pregnanetriol varied from 0.7 to 2.2 mg/24 hours, and total 17-hydroxysteroid excretion varied from 1.2 to 7.5 mg/24 hours. Urinary tetrahydro-11-deoxy cortisol (TSH) was detected at a concentration of 550 µg/24 hours. The plasma concentration of androstenedione varied from 100 to 530 mµg/100 ml and the plasma concentration of testosterone varied from 40 to 90 mµg/100 ml. These values are significantly elevated when compared to those obtained in normal prepubertal females. Urinary steroid excretion and plasma androgen concentrations fell to normal in response to glucocorticoid administration. The metabolic clearance rate of androstenedione was 890 liters per day per M2 and the in vivo conversion ratio of androstenedione to testosterone was 11%. The calculated production rate of androstenedione was 4.7 mg per day per M2. Virilization in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11 β-hydroxylase deficiency can be explained by an elevated plasma concentration of testosterone, which can be accounted for on the basis of conversion from androstenedione.

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